通过HTTP请求WEBAPI的方式
平时工作中长期需要用到通过HTTP调用API进行数据获取以及文件上传下载(C#,JAVA...都会用到)。这里获取的是包括网页的所有信息。如果单纯需要某些数据内容。可以自己构造函数甄别抠除出来！一般的做法是根据源码的格式，用正则来过滤出你需要的内容部分。
C#中的调用：
方式一：webclient和httpclient
方式二：WebRequest和webresponse
方式三：通过js 直接访问api接口，页面通过jquery调用
方式四：WebBrowser
1.webclient和httpclient
实例①
#region webclient应用 #region Controllers MyImageServerEntities db = new MyImageServerEntities(); public ActionResult Index() { return View(); } public ActionResult FileUpload() { HttpPostedFileBase file = Request.Files["fileUp"]; string fileName = Path.GetFileName(file.FileName); string fileExt = Path.GetExtension(fileName); if (fileExt == ".jpg") { var list = db.ImageServerInfo.Where<ImageServerInfo>(u => u.FlgUsable == true).ToList();//找出可用的图片服务器. int count = list.Count(); Random random = new Random(); int r = random.Next(); int i = r % count; string serverUrl = list[i].ServerUrl; int serverId = list[i].ServerId; string url = "http://" + serverUrl + "/FileUp.ashx?serverId=" + serverId + "&fileExt=" + fileExt; WebClient webClient = new WebClient(); webClient.UploadData(url, StreamToBytes(file.InputStream)); } return Content("ok"); } public ActionResult ShowImage() { var list = db.ImageServerInfo.Where<ImageServerInfo>(c => c.FlgUsable == true).ToList(); ViewData["imageServerList"] = list; return View(); } private byte[] StreamToBytes(Stream stream) { byte[] buffer = new byte[stream.Length]; stream.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length); stream.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin); return buffer; } #endregion #region Model context.Response.ContentType = "text/plain"; int serverId = int.Parse(context.Request["serverId"]); string fileExt = context.Request["fileExt"]; string dir = "/ImagePath/" + DateTime.Now.Year + "/" + DateTime.Now.Month + "/" + DateTime.Now.Day + "/"; Directory.CreateDirectory(Path.GetDirectoryName(context.Request.MapPath(dir))); string newfileName = Guid.NewGuid().ToString(); string fullDir = dir + newfileName + fileExt; using (FileStream fileStream = File.Open(context.Request.MapPath(fullDir), FileMode.OpenOrCreate)) { context.Request.InputStream.CopyTo(fileStream); MyImageServerEntities db = new MyImageServerEntities(); ImageInfo imageInfo = new ImageInfo(); imageInfo.ImageName = fullDir; imageInfo.ImageServerId = serverId; db.ImageInfo.Add(imageInfo); db.SaveChanges(); } #endregion #endregion #region httpclient 创建并初始化对象： client.BaseAddress = new Uri(url); client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Accept.Add(new MediaTypeWithQualityHeaderValue("application/json")); 读集合： HttpResponseMessage response = client.GetAsync(url).Result; var userList = response.Content.ReadAsAsync<IEnumerable<数据类型>>().Result; 根据编号读对象 HttpResponseMessage response1 = client.GetAsync(url).Result; var userInfo = response1.Content.ReadAsAsync<数据类型>().Result; 增加： HttpResponseMessage response = client.PostAsJsonAsync("api/userinfo", userInfo).Result; 使用response.IsSuccessStatusCode判断是否成功 使用response.Content.ToString()获取返回值 修改： HttpResponseMessage response = client.PutAsJsonAsync("api/userinfo/" + userInfo.UserId, userInfo).Result; 使用response.IsSuccessStatusCode判断是否成功 使用response.Content.ToString()获取返回值 删除： HttpResponseMessage response = client.DeleteAsync("api/userinfo/" + uid).Result; 使用response.IsSuccessStatusCode判断是否成功 使用response.Content.ToString()获取返回值 #endregion
实例②
WebClient获取网页数据： //using System.IO; try { WebClient webClient = new WebClient(); webClient.Credentials = CredentialCache.DefaultCredentials;//获取或设置用于向Internet资源的请求进行身份验证的网络凭据 Byte[] pageData = webClient.DownloadData("http://www.360doc.com/content/11/0427/03/1947337_112596569.shtml"); //string pageHtml = Encoding.Default.GetString(pageData); //如果获取网站页面采用的是GB2312，则使用这句 string pageHtml = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(pageData); //如果获取网站页面采用的是UTF-8，则使用这句 using (StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter("e:\\ouput.txt"))//将获取的内容写入文本 { htm = sw.ToString();//测试StreamWriter流的输出状态，非必须 sw.Write(pageHtml); } } catch (WebException webEx) { Console.W } 如果为了实际项目的效率考虑，需要考虑在函数中分配一个内存区域。大概写法如下： //MemoryStream是一个支持储存区为内存的流。 byte[] buffer = new byte[1024]; using (MemoryStream memory = new MemoryStream()) { int index = 1, sum = 0; while (index * sum < 100 * 1024) { index = reader.Read(buffer, 0, 1024); if (index > 0) { memory.Write(buffer, 0, index); sum += index; } } //网页通常使用utf-8或gb2412进行编码 Encoding.GetEncoding("gb2312").GetString(memory.ToArray()); if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(html)) { return html; } else { Regex re = new Regex(@"charset=(? charset[/s/S]*?)[ |']"); Match m = re.Match(html.ToLower()); encoding = m.Groups[charset].ToString(); } if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(encoding) || string.Equals(encoding.ToLower(), "gb2312")) { return html; } }
实例③
使用WebClient进行文件下载，这里使用了Task异步方式，也可以改为普通方法或静态方法： /// <summary> /// 下载文件 /// </summary> /// <param name="fileUrl">文件地址</param> /// <param name="filePath">文件的本地路径</param> /// <returns>文件在本地的存储路径</returns> private Task GetFileLocalPath(string fileUrl, string filePath) { return Task.Run(() => { try { using (var mc = new WebClient()) { mc.DownloadFile(new Uri(fileUrl), filePath); } } catch (Exception ex) { LogHelper.WriteErrorLog("下载文件时出现异常。", ex); } }); } /// <summary> /// 下载文件 /// </summary> /// <param name="fileUrl">文件地址</param> /// <param name="filePath">文件的本地路径</param> /// <returns>文件在本地的存储路径</returns> private Task DownloadFile(string fileUrl, string filePath) { return Task.Run(() => { try { using (var webClient = new WebClient()) { var netStream = webClient.OpenRead(fileUrl); if (netStream != null) { FileStream fstr = new FileStream(filePath, FileMode.OpenOrCreate, FileAccess.Write); byte[] readbyte = new byte[102400]; int realReadLen = netStream.Read(readbyte, 0, readbyte.Length); while (realReadLen > 0) { fstr.Write(readbyte, 0, realReadLen); realReadLen = netStream.Read(readbyte, 0, readbyte.Length); Thread.Sleep(10); } netStream.Dispose(); fstr.Flush(); fstr.Close(); } } } catch (Exception ex) { LogHelper.WriteErrorLog("下载文件时出现异常。", ex); } }); } HttpClient，这个类提供的都是异步方法，下面包含了POST、GET、PUT、DELETE四个方法，还有一个SEND方法稍加改动即可实现： public static async void AsyncPost(string url, string body, Action<RequestResult> callback, int timeoutSeconds = 10) { var requestResult = new RequestResult(); if (!IsConnectedInternet()) { requestResult.Message = "网络连接错误，请稍后再试。"; callback?.Invoke(requestResult); return; } try { using (var client = new HttpClient()) { client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Add("authorization", "LJQfL1A2oeP2fuEiOHo6"); client.Timeout = new TimeSpan(0, 0, timeoutSeconds); //byte[] requestBody = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(body); HttpContent content = new StringContent(body); content.Headers.ContentType = new MediaTypeHeaderValue("application/json"); var response = await client.PostAsync(url, content); //确保HTTP成功状态值 response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode(); //await异步读取最后的JSON await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync().ContinueWith(t => { if (t.IsCompleted) { requestResult.IsSuccess = true; requestResult.Result = t.Result; callback?.Invoke(requestResult); } }); } } catch (Exception e) { if (e.InnerException != null) requestResult.Message = e.InnerException.Message; else if (e.Message.Contains("已取消一个任务")) requestResult.Message = "连接服务器超时，请重试"; else if (e.Message.Contains("404")) requestResult.Message = "连接服务器404，请重试"; else requestResult.Message = e.Message; callback?.Invoke(requestResult); } } public static async void AsyncGet(string url, Action<RequestResult> callback, int timeoutSeconds = 10) { var requestResult = new RequestResult(); if (!IsConnectedInternet()) { requestResult.Message = "网络连接错误，请稍后再试。"; callback?.Invoke(requestResult); return; } try { using (var client = new HttpClient()) { client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Add("authorization", "LJQfL1A2oeP2fuEiOHo6"); client.Timeout = new TimeSpan(0, 0, timeoutSeconds); var response = await client.GetAsync(url); //确保HTTP成功状态值 response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode(); //await异步读取最后的JSON await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync().ContinueWith(t => { if (t.IsCompleted) { requestResult.IsSuccess = true; requestResult.Result = t.Result; callback?.Invoke(requestResult); } }); } } catch (Exception e) { if (e.InnerException != null) requestResult.Message = e.InnerException.Message; else if (e.Message.Contains("已取消一个任务")) requestResult.Message = "连接服务器超时，请重试"; else if (e.Message.Contains("404")) requestResult.Message = "连接服务器404，请重试"; else requestResult.Message = e.Message; callback?.Invoke(requestResult); } } public static async void AsyncPut(string url, string body, Action<RequestResult> callback, int timeoutSeconds = 10) { var requestResult = new RequestResult(); if (!IsConnectedInternet()) { requestResult.Message = "网络连接错误，请稍后再试。"; callback?.Invoke(requestResult); return; } try { using (var client = new HttpClient()) { client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Add("authorization", "LJQfL1A2oeP2fuEiOHo6"); client.Timeout = new TimeSpan(0, 0, timeoutSeconds); HttpContent content = new StringContent(body); content.Headers.ContentType = new MediaTypeHeaderValue("application/json"); var response = await client.PutAsync(url, content); //确保HTTP成功状态值 response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode(); //await异步读取最后的JSON await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync().ContinueWith(t => { if (t.IsCompleted) { requestResult.IsSuccess = true; requestResult.Result = t.Result; callback?.Invoke(requestResult); } }); } } catch (Exception e) { if (e.InnerException != null) requestResult.Message = e.InnerException.Message; else if (e.Message.Contains("已取消一个任务")) requestResult.Message = "连接服务器超时，请重试"; else if (e.Message.Contains("404")) requestResult.Message = "连接服务器404，请重试"; else requestResult.Message = e.Message; callback?.Invoke(requestResult); } } public static async void AsyncDelete(string url, Action<RequestResult> callback, int timeoutSeconds = 10) { var requestResult = new RequestResult(); if (!IsConnectedInternet()) { requestResult.Message = "网络连接错误，请稍后再试。"; callback?.Invoke(requestResult); return; } try { using (var client = new HttpClient()) { client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Add("authorization", "LJQfL1A2oeP2fuEiOHo6"); client.Timeout = new TimeSpan(0, 0, timeoutSeconds); var response = await client.DeleteAsync(url); //确保HTTP成功状态值 response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode(); //await异步读取最后的JSON await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync().ContinueWith(t => { if (t.IsCompleted) { requestResult.IsSuccess = true; requestResult.Result = t.Result; callback?.Invoke(requestResult); } }); } } catch (Exception e) { if (e.InnerException != null) requestResult.Message = e.InnerException.Message; else if (e.Message.Contains("已取消一个任务")) requestResult.Message = "连接服务器超时，请重试"; else if (e.Message.Contains("404")) requestResult.Message = "连接服务器404，请重试"; else requestResult.Message = e.Message; callback?.Invoke(requestResult); } } 上面使用到的RequestResult类： public class RequestResult : IDisposable { public bool IsSuccess { get; set; } public string Result { get; set; } public string Message { get; set; } public RequestResult(bool isSuccess = false, string result = "", string message = "") { IsSuccess = isSuccess; Result = result; Message = message; } ~RequestResult() { Dispose(); } public void Dispose() { Dispose(true); GC.SuppressFinalize(this);//不需要再调用本对象的Finalize方法 } protected virtual void Dispose(Boolean disposing) { if (disposing) { //--- 清理托管资源 ---// } //--- 清理非托管资源 ---// } }
2.WebRequest和webresponse
实例①
public void GetHtml() { var url = "http://www.360doc.com/content/11/0427/03/1947337_112596569.shtml"; string strBuff = "";//定义文本字符串，用来保存下载的html int byteRead = 0; HttpWebRequest webRequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url); HttpWebResponse webResponse = (HttpWebResponse)webRequest.GetResponse(); //若成功取得网页的内容，则以System.IO.Stream形式返回，若失败则产生ProtoclViolationException错 误。在此正确的做法应将以下的代码放到一个try块中处理。这里简单处理 Stream reader = webResponse.GetResponseStream(); ///返回的内容是Stream形式的，所以可以利用StreamReader类获取GetResponseStream的内容，并以StreamReader类的Read方法依次读取网页源程序代码每一行的内容，直至行尾（读取的编码格式：UTF8） StreamReader respStreamReader = new StreamReader(reader,Encoding.UTF8); ///分段，分批次获取网页源码 char[] cbuffer = new char[1024]; byteRead = respStreamReader.Read(cbuffer,0,256); while (byteRead != 0) { string strResp = new string(char,0,byteRead); strBuff = strBuff + strResp; byteRead = respStreamReader.Read(cbuffer,0,256); } using (StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter("e:\\ouput.txt"))//将获取的内容写入文本 { htm = sw.ToString();//测试StreamWriter流的输出状态，非必须 sw.Write(strBuff); } }
实例②
WebRequest的方式（该方式是post请求的时候传入json字符串转换成流的形式，无需再将json转换成需要的实体对象了），所以这种方式只需写一个公共的方法，每次调用的时候传入地址和参数即可 公共方法如下： public class WebRequestHelper { public static string GetRequest(string url) { string responseStr = string.Empty; WebRequest request = WebRequest.Create(url); request.Method = "Get"; var response = request.GetResponse(); Stream ReceiveStream = response.GetResponseStream(); using (StreamReader stream = new StreamReader(ReceiveStream, Encoding.UTF8)) { responseStr = stream.ReadToEnd(); } return responseStr; } public static string PostRequest(string url, string postParameter) { string responseStr = string.Empty; WebRequest request = WebRequest.Create(url); request.Method = "Post"; request.ContentType = "application/json"; byte[] requestData = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(postParameter); request.ContentLength = requestData.Length; Stream newStream = request.GetRequestStream(); newStream.Write(requestData, 0, requestData.Length); newStream.Close(); var response = request.GetResponse(); Stream ReceiveStream = response.GetResponseStream(); using (StreamReader stream = new StreamReader(ReceiveStream, Encoding.UTF8)) { responseStr = stream.ReadToEnd(); } return responseStr; } /// <summary> /// Http的 WebRequest的特定实现 /// </summary> /// <param name="Url"></param> /// <param name="JSONData"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static string GetResponseData(string Url, string JSONData) { byte[] bytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(JSONData); HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(Url); request.Method = "POST"; request.ContentLength = bytes.Length; request.ContentType = "application/json"; Stream reqstream = request.GetRequestStream(); reqstream.Write(bytes, 0, bytes.Length); //声明一个HttpWebRequest请求 request.Timeout = 90000; //设置连接超时时间 request.Headers.Set("Pragma", "no-cache"); HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse(); Stream streamReceive = response.GetResponseStream(); Encoding encoding = Encoding.UTF8; StreamReader streamReader = new StreamReader(streamReceive, encoding); string strResult = streamReader.ReadToEnd(); streamReceive.Dispose(); streamReader.Dispose(); return strResult; } } 调用的使用方法 （1）Get请求 public ActionResult GetAll() { string result = WebRequestHelper.GetRequest(url + "api/goods/getlist?pageindex=0&pagesize=10"); JavaScriptSerializer Serializer = new JavaScriptSerializer(); var items = Serializer.DeserializeObject(result); return Json(items); } （2）Post请求 [HttpPost] public ActionResult AddGood(string paramObj) { string result = WebRequestHelper.PostRequest(url + "api/goods/add", paramObj); JavaScriptSerializer Serializer = new JavaScriptSerializer(); var items = Serializer.DeserializeObject(result); return Json(items); }
实例③
HttpWebRequest： /// <summary> /// 向服务器发送Request /// </summary> /// <param name="url">字符串</param> /// <param name="method">枚举类型的方法Get或者Post</param> /// <param name="body">Post时必须传值</param> /// <param name="timeoutSeconds">超时时间，单位秒</param> /// <returns></returns> public static string Request(string url, MethodEnum method, string body = "", int timeoutSeconds = 15000) { if (!IsConnectedInternet()) return "网络连接错误，请稍后再试。"; try { GC.Collect(); HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url); request.Timeout = timeoutSeconds; request.Method = method.ToString(); //如果是Post的话，则设置body if (method == MethodEnum.POST) { request.ContentType = "application/json"; request.KeepAlive = false; byte[] requestBody = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(body); request.ContentLength = requestBody.Length; Stream requestStream = request.GetRequestStream(); requestStream.Write(requestBody, 0, requestBody.Length); } return Response(request); } catch (Exception ex) { if (ex.InnerException != null) return ex.InnerException.Message; if (ex.Message.Contains("已取消一个任务")) return "连接服务器超时，请重试"; if (ex.Message.Contains("404")) return "连接服务器404，请重试"; return ex.Message; } } HttpWebResponse： /// <summary> /// 返回Response数据 /// </summary> /// <param name="request"></param> /// <returns></returns> private static string Response(HttpWebRequest request) { HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse(); string jsonRead = ""; if (response.StatusCode != HttpStatusCode.OK) { return response.StatusCode.ToString(); } //接收过程 if (response.GetResponseStream() != null) { StreamReader myStreamReader = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream() ?? Stream.Null, Encoding.UTF8); jsonRead = myStreamReader.ReadToEnd(); myStreamReader.Close(); } response.Close(); request.Abort(); return jsonRead; } 上面两个方法需要配合使用，皆为同步方式。当然也可以将上面两个方法合并到一个方法中，可以参见接下来这个方法。 另外是使用HttpWebRequest和HttpWebResponse进行文件上传，采用同步方法异步回调方式： public static void UploadFile(string url, string filePath, string fileName, Action<string> callback) { // 时间戳，用做boundary string timeStamp = DateTime.Now.Ticks.ToString("x"); //根据uri创建HttpWebRequest对象 HttpWebRequest httpReq = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(new Uri(url)); httpReq.Method = "POST"; httpReq.AllowWriteStreamBuffering = false; //对发送的数据不使用缓存 httpReq.Timeout = 300000; //设置获得响应的超时时间（300秒） httpReq.ContentType = "multipart/form-data; boundary=" + timeStamp; //文件 FileStream fileStream = new FileStream(filePath, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read); BinaryReader binaryReader = new BinaryReader(fileStream); //头信息 string boundary = "--" + timeStamp; string dataFormat = boundary + "\r\nContent-Disposition: form-data; name=\"{0}\";filename=\"{1}\"\r\nContent-Type:application/octet-stream\r\n\r\n"; string header = string.Format(dataFormat, "file", Path.GetFileName(filePath)); byte[] postHeaderBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(header); //结束边界 byte[] boundaryBytes = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes("\r\n--" + timeStamp + "--\r\n"); long length = fileStream.Length + postHeaderBytes.Length + boundaryBytes.Length; httpReq.ContentLength = length;//请求内容长度 try { //每次上传4k int bufferLength = 4096; byte[] buffer = new byte[bufferLength]; //已上传的字节数 long offset = 0; int size = binaryReader.Read(buffer, 0, bufferLength); Stream postStream = httpReq.GetRequestStream(); //发送请求头部消息 postStream.Write(postHeaderBytes, 0, postHeaderBytes.Length); while (size > 0) { postStream.Write(buffer, 0, size); offset += size; size = binaryReader.Read(buffer, 0, bufferLength); } //添加尾部边界 postStream.Write(boundaryBytes, 0, boundaryBytes.Length); postStream.Close(); string returnValue = ""; //获取服务器端的响应 using (HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)httpReq.GetResponse()) { Stream receiveStream = response.GetResponseStream(); StreamReader readStream = new StreamReader(receiveStream, Encoding.UTF8); returnValue = readStream.ReadToEnd(); response.Close(); readStream.Close(); } callback?.Invoke(returnValue); } catch (Exception) { callback?.Invoke(""); } finally { fileStream.Close(); binaryReader.Close(); } } 上面还用到一个enum叫MethodEnum，包含GET和POST两个枚举值。 还有一个比较特殊的POST方法： public static string HttpPostFormData(string url, Dictionary<string, string> dic) { try { GC.Collect(); // 时间戳，用做boundary string timeStamp = DateTime.Now.Ticks.ToString("x"); string boundary = "----" + timeStamp; HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url); request.Method = WebRequestMethods.Http.Post; request.ContentType = "multipart/form-data; boundary=" + boundary; request.KeepAlive = true; request.Timeout = 3000; var stream = new MemoryStream(); //头信息 string dataFormat = "--" + boundary + "\r\nContent-Disposition: form-data; name=\"{0}\"\r\n\r\n{1}\r\n"; foreach (string key in dic.Keys) { string s = string.Format(dataFormat, key, dic[key]); byte[] data = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(s); stream.Write(data, 0, data.Length); } //结束边界 byte[] boundaryBytes = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes("--" + boundary + "--"); stream.Write(boundaryBytes, 0, boundaryBytes.Length); request.ContentLength = stream.Length;//请求内容长度 Stream requestStream = request.GetRequestStream(); //写入请求数据 stream.Position = 0L; stream.CopyTo(requestStream); stream.Close(); requestStream.Close(); return Response(request); } catch (Exception e) { return e.Message; } }
3.通过js 直接访问api接口，页面通过jquery调用
$.ajax({ type: "get", url: "/goods/getall", dataType: "json", data: null, //data: JSON.stringify({ // id: "382accff-57b2-4d6e-ae84-a61e00a3e3b6" //}), contentType: "application/json;charset-utf-8", success: function (data) { console.log(data); } }); var paramObj = { Id: "382accff-57b2-4d6e-ae84-a61e00a3e3b8",Category:111}; $.ajax({ type: "post", url: "/goods/AddGood", dataType: "json", //data: null, data: JSON.stringify({ paramObj: JSON.stringify(paramObj) }), contentType: "application/json;charset-utf-8", success: function (data) { console.log(data); } });
4.WebBrowser
相对来说，这是一种最简单的获取方式。拖WebBrowser控件进去，然后匹配下面这段代码： WebBrowser web = new WebBrowser(); web.Navigate("http://www.163.com"); web.DocumentCompleted += new WebBrowserDocumentCompletedEventHandler(web_DocumentCompleted); void web_DocumentCompleted(object sender, WebBrowserDocumentCompletedEventArgs e) { WebBrowser web = (WebBrowser)sender; HtmlElementCollection ElementCollection = web.Document.GetElementsByTagName("Table"); foreach (HtmlElement item in ElementCollection) { File.AppendAllText("Kaijiang_xj.txt", item.InnerText); } }
拓展(自己总结)：WebRequset和WebResponse
#region Post&&Get独立的方式 #region Post /// <summary> /// Post /// </summary> /// <param name="url">url地址</param> /// <param name="soapbody">提交的数据(XML字符串)</param> /// <param name="HeadersInfo">头信息</param> /// <param name="ContentType">格式</param> /// <param name="userName">账号</param> /// <param name="passWord">密码</param> /// <returns></returns> public static String PostHTTP(string url, string soapbody, WebHeaderCollection HeadersInfo, string userName, string passWord) { string Result = string.Empty; try { HttpWebRequest webRequst = (HttpWebRequest)HttpWebRequest.Create(url);//创建URL webRequst.Method = "POST";//Post方式 webRequst.Headers.Add(HeadersInfo); SetHeaderValue(webRequst.Headers, "Connection", "keep-alive"); SetHeaderValue(webRequst.Headers, "Content-Length", soapbody.Length.ToString()); SetHeaderValue(webRequst.Headers, "Accept", "*/*"); SetHeaderValue(webRequst.Headers, "Cache-Control", "no-cache"); SetHeaderValue(webRequst.Headers, "ProtocolVersion", "1.1"); SetHeaderValue(webRequst.Headers, "User-Agent", "Provider User-Agent name"); SetHeaderValue(webRequst.Headers, "Origin", "xxxxxx"); SetHeaderValue(webRequst.Headers, "Authorization", "Basic " + Convert.ToBase64String(new ASCIIEncoding().GetBytes(userName + ":" + passWord))); //这个在Post的时候，一定要加上，如果服务器返回错误，他还会继续再去请求，不会使用之前的错误数据，做返回数据 webRequst.ServicePoint.Expect100Continue = false; //指定安全协议为3.0 ServicePointManager.SecurityProtocol = SecurityProtocolType.Ssl3; using (Stream s = webRequst.GetRequestStream()) { using (StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(s)) { sw.Write(soapbody); } } HttpWebResponse webResponse = (HttpWebResponse)webRequst.GetResponse(); using (Stream s = webResponse.GetResponseStream()) { using (StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(s)) { Result = sr.ReadToEnd(); } } } catch (WebException ex) { var states = ((HttpWebResponse)ex.Response).StatusCode; var descripition = ((HttpWebResponse)ex.Response).StatusDescription; Result = "WebException =" + ex.Message + "\n WebStatus=" + states + "\n descripition=" + descripition; } catch (Exception ex) { Result = ex.Message; } return Result; } #endregion #region Get /// <summary> /// Get方式 /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> public static String GetHTTP(string url, HttpContext httpContext) { string queryString = "?"; string Result = string.Empty; try { foreach (string key in httpContext.Request.QueryString.AllKeys) { queryString += key + "=" + httpContext.Request.QueryString[key] + "&"; } queryString = queryString.Substring(0, queryString.Length - 1); HttpWebRequest httpWebRequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url + queryString); httpWebRequest.ContentType = "application/json"; httpWebRequest.Method = "GET"; httpWebRequest.Timeout = 20000; //byte[] btBodys = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(body); //httpWebRequest.ContentLength = btBodys.Length; //httpWebRequest.GetRequestStream().Write(btBodys, 0, btBodys.Length); HttpWebResponse httpWebResponse = (HttpWebResponse)httpWebRequest.GetResponse(); StreamReader streamReader = new StreamReader(httpWebResponse.GetResponseStream()); string responseContent = streamReader.ReadToEnd(); httpWebResponse.Close(); streamReader.Close(); Result = responseContent; } catch (WebException ex) { var states = ((HttpWebResponse)ex.Response).StatusCode; var descripition = ((HttpWebResponse)ex.Response).StatusDescription; Result = "WebException =" + ex.Message + "\n WebStatus=" + states + "\n descripition=" + descripition; } catch (Exception ex) { Result = ex.Message; } return Result; } #endregion #endregion #region Post&&Get公用方式 public static BookingResponse CreateAuth(string url, string HttpMethod, WebHeaderCollection HeadersInfo, string userName, string passWord, String requestBody = "") { BookingResponse Result = new BookingResponse() { Status = false, Message = "get method error" };//初始化结果集 string responseBody = string.Empty;//定义响应体 ServicePointManager.SecurityProtocol = (SecurityProtocolType)192 | (SecurityProtocolType)768 | (SecurityProtocolType)3072; try { HttpWebRequest webRequst = (HttpWebRequest)HttpWebRequest.Create(url);//创建URL webRequst.Method = HttpMethod;//HTTP请求方式 //webRequst.Headers.Add(HeadersInfo);//加入之前请求信息 webRequst.ContentType = HeadersInfo["ContentType"]; webRequst.Headers["Accept-Encoding"] = HeadersInfo["Accept-Encoding"]; webRequst.AutomaticDecompression = DecompressionMethods.GZip; //这两句用来解决显示乱码 SetHeaderValue(webRequst.Headers, "Connection", "keep-alive"); SetHeaderValue(webRequst.Headers, "Content-Length", requestBody.Length.ToString()); SetHeaderValue(webRequst.Headers, "Cache-Control", "no-cache"); SetHeaderValue(webRequst.Headers, "Origin", "xxxxxx"); SetHeaderValue(webRequst.Headers, "User-Agent", "Provider User-Agent name"); //SetHeaderValue(webRequst.Headers, "Content-Type", "text/xml;charset=UTF-8"); SetHeaderValue(webRequst.Headers, "Accept", "*/*"); //SetHeaderValue(webRequst.Headers, "Accept-Encoding", "gzip,deflate"); SetHeaderValue(webRequst.Headers, "Authorization", "Basic " + Convert.ToBase64String(new ASCIIEncoding().GetBytes(userName + ":" + passWord))); SetHeaderValue(webRequst.Headers, "ProtocolVersion", "1.1"); HttpMethod = HttpMethod.Trim().ToUpper(); switch (HttpMethod) { case "GET": responseBody = HttpGet(url); break; default: webRequst.ServicePoint.Expect100Continue = false; //这个在Post的时候，一定要加上，如果服务器返回错误，他还会继续再去请求，不会使用之前的错误数据，做返回数据 responseBody = HttpPost(webRequst, requestBody); break; } if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(responseBody) && responseBody.Length > 7 && responseBody.Substring(0, 5) != "error") { Result.Status = true; Result.Message = "success"; Result.Data = responseBody; LogHelper.WriteLog(responseBody);//记录正常日志 } else { if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(responseBody)) Result.Message = "error"; else Result.Message = responseBody; } } catch (Exception ex) { LogHelper.WriteLog("错误日志记录:", ex); Result.Message = ex.Message.ToString() + responseBody; Result.Status = false; } return Result; } /// <summary> /// 发送GET请求 /// </summary> /// <param name="url"></param> /// <param name="refer"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static string HttpGet(string url) { return null; } /// <summary> /// 发送Post请求 /// </summary> /// <param name="webRequst"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static string HttpPost(HttpWebRequest webRequst, string requsetbody) { string Result = string.Empty; try { using (Stream s = webRequst.GetRequestStream()) { using (StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(s)) { sw.Write(requsetbody); } } HttpWebResponse webResponse = (HttpWebResponse)webRequst.GetResponse(); using (Stream s = webResponse.GetResponseStream()) { using (StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(s)) { Result = sr.ReadToEnd(); } } } catch (WebException ex) { var states = ((HttpWebResponse)ex.Response).StatusCode; var descripition = ((HttpWebResponse)ex.Response).StatusDescription; Result = "WebException =" + ex.Message + "\n WebStatus=" + states + "\n descripition=" + descripition; } catch (Exception ex) { Result = ex.Message; } return Result; } //Uri url = new Uri(urlstring);//初始化uri资源 //string requestMethod = HttpMethod;//设置请求方式 Post Get //string timezone = DateTime.UtcNow.ToString("s") + "Z";//获取计算机上的时间 //string path = url.PathAndQuery.Split('?')[0];//获取URI的绝对路径 //string query = url.PathAndQuery.Split('?').Count() > 1 ? url.PathAndQuery.Split('?')[1] : "";//获取查询条件 #endregion #region 请求报头设置 /// <summary> /// 请求报头设置 /// </summary> /// <param name="header"></param> /// <param name="name"></param> /// <param name="value"></param> public static void SetHeaderValue(WebHeaderCollection header, string name, string value) { var property = typeof(WebHeaderCollection).GetProperty("InnerCollection", BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.NonPublic); if (property != null) { var collection = property.GetValue(header, null) as NameValueCollection; collection[name] = value; } } #endregion
借鉴链接：https://blog.csdn.net/jintougao/article/details/12948633#
https://www.cnblogs.com/lgx5/p/9446763.html
https://blog.csdn.net/zhailihua/article/details/75048992
