第三篇、C_双向链表(循环链表)

简介:

  在用C/C++开发系统中,我们知道用数组或者单链表来开发,如果是数据比较大的话,性能很不好,效率也不高。因此常常需要考虑系统的实用性,常常采用双向链表来开发。

示例:

1.数据

typedef struct node{

  int data;                // 数据

  struct node *last;  // 前一个数据节点 

  struct node *next;  // 后一个数据节点

}Node;

typedef struct {

  Node *head;

  Node *tail;

}LinkList;

 

2.创建链表

LinkList *createList()
{
    LinkList *list = malloc(sizeof(LinkList));
    list -> head = NULL;
    lsit ->tail = NULL;
    return list;
}


3.插入

  3.1头插法

void addNodeBeHead(LinkList *list,int num)
{
    Node *p = malloc(sizeof(Node));
    p -> data = num;
    p -> last = NULL;
    P -> next = NULL;
    
    if(list - > head != NULL)
    {
        // 1.指向新的节点
      // 2.新节点的next指向原来的节点
        // 3.新节点变成头节点
        list ->head->last = p;
        node ->next = list ->head;
        list -> head = p;
    }
    else{
        list -> head = P;
        list -> tail = p;
    }
}

 

  3.2尾插法

void addNodeAfterTail(LinkList *list,int num)
{
    Node *p = malloc(sizeof(Node));
    p -> data = num;
    p -> last = NULL;
    P -> next = NULL;
    
    if(list - > head != NULL)
    {
        // 1.指向新的节点
      // 2.新节点的last指向原来的节点
      // 3.新节点变成尾节点
      list ->tail->next = p;
        node ->last = list -> tail;
        list -> tail = p;
    }
    else{
        list -> head = P;
        list -> tail = p;
    }
}

 

4.打印链表

void printList(LinkList *list)
{
    Node *p = list -> head;
    if(p == NULL)
    {
        printf("当前为空链表");
    }else
    {
        while(p != NULL)
        {
                printf("%s",p-> data);
                p = p-> next;
        }

    }
}

 

5.把链表的头结点删除,并返回头结点的数值

int popHeadNode(LinkList *list)
{
    if(list -> head == NULL)
    {
        printf("the list is empty!");
        return -1;
    }
    else if (list -> head == list -> tail)
    {
        Node *node = list - > head;
        int value = node ->data;
        list -> head = NULL;
        list -> tail = NULL;
        free(node);
        return value;
    }
    else
    {
        Node *node = list -> head;
        int value = node -> data;
        // 1.head指向下一个节点
      // 2.并将下一个的last置空
        list -> head = list -> head ->next;
        list -> head -> last = NULL;
        free(node);
        return value;

    }

}

 

6.统计节点总数

int countNodes(LinkList *list)
{
    int count = 0;
    Node *p = list -> head;
    if(list -> head != NULL)
    {
        while(p != NULL)
        {
            count++;
            p = p -> next;
        }
        return count;

    }
    return 0;
}

 

7.链表转成数组(注意:数组一定要malloc初始化,否则无法返回)

int *listToArray(LinkList *list)
{
    if(list -> head == NULL)
    {
        return NULL;
    }

    int i = 0;
    int n = countNodes(list);
    int *arr = malloc(sizeof(int) * n);
    Node *p = list -> head;
    while(p != NULL)
    {
        arr[i] = p -> data;
        i++;
        p = p -> next;
    }
        return arr;
}


8.把链表所有的节点头尾对调

1->2->3->NULL 对调后 NULL->3->2->1

void reverseList(LinkList *list)
{
    if(list -> head != NULL)
    {
        int *arr = listToArray(list);
        int i = countNodes(list) - 1;
        Node *node = list -> head;
        while(p != NULL)
        {
            P -> data = arr[i];
            i --;
            p = p -> next;
        }
    }
}

 

第二种做法:(把原来的链表重新连接)

void reverseList(LinkList *list)
{

    Node *prev = NULL;
    Node *p = list -> head;
    Node *temp;
    list -> tail = p; //  尾部变头部
while(p != NULL) { temp = p -> next; p -> next = prev; prev = p; p = temp; } list ->head = prev; }

 

posted on 2016-08-31 16:58  久冬不雨  阅读(272)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报