Spring基于XML声明式事务控制

1.基于XML的声明式事务控制

1.1 什么是声明式事务控制

 Spring的声明式事务顾名思义就是采用声明的方式来处理事务。这里所说的声明,就是指在配置文件中声明,用在Spring配置文件中声明式的处理事务来代替代码式的处理事务

1.2 声明式事务处理的作用

(1)事务管理不侵入开发的组件(即,业务代码和事务控制通过配置的方式松耦合,代码运行时候,业务逻辑又能完成对应的事务控制,这是AOP思想,事务控制是增强方法,业务代码是被增强)。具体来说,业务逻辑对象就不会意识到正在事务管理中,事实上也应该如此,因为事务管理是属于系统层面的服务,而不是业务逻辑的一部分,如果想要改变事务管理策划的话,也只需要在定义文件中重新配置即可。

(2)不需要事务管理的时候,只要在设定文件上修改一下,即可移去事务管理服务,无需改变代码的重新编译,这样维护起来极其方便。只需要在配置文件中,删掉那个事务控制就可以了。

转账案例:

 AccountController.java

package com.company.controller;

import com.company.service.AccountService;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class AccountController {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
        AccountService accountService = applicationContext.getBean(AccountService.class);
        accountService.transfer("tom", "lisi", 200);
    }
}

  AccountDao.java

package com.company.dao;

public interface AccountDao {
    void out(String outMan, double money);
    void in(String inMan, double money);
}

  AccountDaoImpl.java

package com.company.dao.impl;

import com.company.dao.AccountDao;

import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;

public class AccountDaoImpl implements AccountDao {
    private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;

    public void setJdbcTemplate(JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate) {
        this.jdbcTemplate = jdbcTemplate;
    }

    public void out(String outMan, double money) {
        jdbcTemplate.update("update account set money=money-? where name=? ", money, outMan);
    }

    public void in(String inMan, double money) {
        jdbcTemplate.update("update account set money=money+? where name=?",money, inMan);
    }
}

  Account.java

package com.company.domain;

public class Account {
    private String name;
    private double money;

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public double getMoney() {
        return money;
    }

    public void setMoney(double money) {
        this.money = money;
    }
}

  AccountService.java

package com.company.service;

public interface AccountService {
    void transfer(String outMan, String inMan, double money);
}

  AccountServiceImpl.java

package com.company.service.impl;

import com.company.dao.AccountDao;
import com.company.service.AccountService;

public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService {
    private AccountDao accountDao;

    public void setAccountDao(AccountDao accountDao) {
        this.accountDao = accountDao;
    }

    public void transfer(String outMan, String inMan, double money) {
        accountDao.out(outMan, money);
        accountDao.in(inMan, money);
    }
}

  applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test"/>
        <property name="user" value="root"/>
        <property name="password" value="123456"/>
    </bean>
    <bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>

    <bean id="accountDao" class="com.company.dao.impl.AccountDaoImpl">
        <property name="jdbcTemplate" ref="jdbcTemplate"/>
    </bean>

    <bean id="accountService" class="com.company.service.impl.AccountServiceImpl">
        <property name="accountDao" ref="accountDao"/>
    </bean>
</beans>

上面的案例存在一个问题

 如果出现上面的问题,out已经执行了,但是in没有执行,导致账户不对。

因此需要事务来保证原子性

案例解决方案:使用基于xml声明式事务控制

1.3 声明式事务控制的实现

声明式事务控制明确事项:

谁是切点?被增强的方法,这里的是业务方法,就是transfer

谁是通知?就是事务控制,事务的增强

配置切面?切点和通知进行配置

主要是在核心配置文件applicationContext.xml中进行相应的改变

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
">

    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test"/>
        <property name="user" value="root"/>
        <property name="password" value="123456"/>
    </bean>
    <bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>

    <bean id="accountDao" class="com.company.dao.impl.AccountDaoImpl">
        <property name="jdbcTemplate" ref="jdbcTemplate"/>
    </bean>

    <!--目标对象,内部的方法就是切点-->
    <bean id="accountService" class="com.company.service.impl.AccountServiceImpl">
        <property name="accountDao" ref="accountDao"/>
    </bean>

    <!--配置平台事务管理器-->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>

    <!--通知,事务的增强-->
    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
        <tx:attributes>
            <tx:method name="*"/>
        </tx:attributes>
    </tx:advice>

    <!-- 配置AOP事务织入-->
    <aop:config>
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut="execution(* com.company.service.impl.*.*(..))"></aop:advisor>
    </aop:config>

</beans>

 下面重点介绍下设置事务的属性信息,也就是事务控制的三大对象中TransactionDefinition

 如果要指定方法,可以这样配置:

    <!--通知,事务的增强-->
    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
        <tx:attributes>
            <tx:method name="transfer" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false"/>
            <tx:method name="*"/>
        </tx:attributes>
    </tx:advice>

 pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>org.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring_tx</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.9.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
            <version>1.9.6</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.9.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.9.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.9.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
            <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
            <version>0.9.5.4</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.44</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

 

posted @ 2020-12-28 16:39  GumpYan  阅读(130)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报