Python读取pdf、word、excel、ppt、csv和txt文件提取所有文本

前言

本文对使用python读取pdf、word、excel、ppt、csv、txt等常用文件，并提取所有文本的方法进行分享和使用总结。
可以读取不同文件的库和方法当然不止下面分享的这些，本文的代码主要目标都是：方便提取文件中所有文本的实现方式。
这些库的更多使用方法，请到官方文档中查阅。

读取PDF文本：PyPDF2

import PyPDF2
def read_pdf_to_text(file_path):
    with open(file_path, 'rb') as pdf_file:
        pdf_reader = PyPDF2.PdfReader(pdf_file)
        contents_list = []
        for page in pdf_reader.pages:
            content = page.extract_text()
            contents_list.append(content)
    return '\n'.join(contents_list)
read_pdf_to_text('xxx.pdf')

读取Word文本：docx2txt

需执行 pip install python-docx

import docx2txt
from docx import Document
 
def convert_doc_to_docx(doc_file, docx_file):   # 将doc文档转为docx文档
    doc=Document(doc_file）
    doc.save(docx_file)
 
def read_docx_to_text(file_path):
    text = docx2txt.process(file_path)
    return text
 
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
    source_file = '***.doc'                      # 源文件
    file_path = os.path.dirname(source_file)     # 获取文件路径  
    file_fileName = os.path.split(source_file)[1].split('.')[0]     # 获取文件名称 不要后缀
    if source_file.endwith('.doc') :       
       docx_file = file_fileName + '.docx'                             # 给目标文件加上后缀
       docx_file = os.path(file_path, docx_file)                       # 目标文件  绝对路径
       convert_doc_to_docx(source_file, docx_file): 
    else:
       docx_file = souce_file
    read_docx_to_text(docx_file)

读取excel文本：pandas

当然，pandas能读取的文件不仅仅是excel，还包括csv、json等。

import pandas as pd
def read_excel_to_text(file_path):
    excel_file = pd.ExcelFile(file_path)
    sheet_names = excel_file.sheet_names
    text_list = []
    for sheet_name in sheet_names:
        df = excel_file.parse(sheet_name)
        text = df.to_string(index=False)
        text_list.append(text)
    return '\n'.join(text_list)
read_excel_to_text('xxx.xlsx')

读取ppt文本：pptx

from pptx import Presentation
def read_pptx_to_text(file_path):
    prs = Presentation(file_path)
    text_list = []
    for slide in prs.slides:
        for shape in slide.shapes:
            if shape.has_text_frame:
                text_frame = shape.text_frame
                text = text_frame.text
                if text:
                    text_list.append(text)
    return '\n'.join(text_list)
read_pptx_to_text('xxx.pptx')

读取csv、txt其他文本：直接open，read()

def read_txt_to_text(file_path):
    with open(file_path, 'r') as f:
        text = f.read()
    return text
read_txt_to_text('xxx.csv')
read_txt_to_text('xxx.txt')

读取任何文件格式

support = {
    'pdf': 'read_pdf_to_text',
    'docx': 'read_docx_to_text',
    'xlsx': 'read_excel_to_text',
    'pptx': 'read_pptx_to_text',
    'csv': 'read_txt_to_text',
    'txt': 'read_txt_to_text',
}
def read_any_file_to_text(file_path):
    file_suffix = file_path.split('.')[-1]
    func = support.get(file_suffix)
    if func is None:
        return '暂不支持该文件格式'
    text = eval(func)(file_path)
    return text
read_any_file_to_text('xxx.pdf')
read_any_file_to_text('xxx.docx')
read_any_file_to_text('xxx.xlsx')
read_any_file_to_text('xxx.pptx')
read_any_file_to_text('xxx.csv')
read_any_file_to_text('xxx.txt')