25、自动装配-@Profile根据环境注册bean

  • 指定组件在哪个环境的情况下才能被注册到容器中
  • 加了环境标识的，只有这个环境被激活才能注册到组件中
  • 默认是default环境
  • 写在类上，整个配置类的激活的时候才能生效
  • 没有标注环境标识的bean，在任何环境下都是加载的
package org.springframework.context.annotation;

import java.lang.annotation.Documented;
import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;

import org.springframework.core.env.AbstractEnvironment;
import org.springframework.core.env.ConfigurableEnvironment;
import org.springframework.core.env.Profiles;

@Target({ElementType.TYPE, ElementType.METHOD})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Conditional(ProfileCondition.class)
public @interface Profile {

	/**
	 * 指定组件在哪个环境的情况下才能被注册到容器中
	 * The set of profiles for which the annotated component should be registered.
	 */
	String[] value();

}

25.1 实现

package com.hw.springannotation.config;

import com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.EmbeddedValueResolverAware;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Profile;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.util.StringValueResolver;

import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.beans.PropertyVetoException;

/**
 * @Description Profile
 * @Author hw
 * @Date 2018/11/29 19:25
 * @Version 1.0
 */
@Component
@PropertySource(value = {"classpath:/datasource.properties"})
public class MainConfigOfProfile implements EmbeddedValueResolverAware {

    @Value("${db.username}")
    private String username;

    private String driveClassName;

    private StringValueResolver resolver;

    public void setEmbeddedValueResolver(StringValueResolver resolver) {
        this.resolver = resolver;
        this.driveClassName = this.resolver.resolveStringValue("${db.driveClassName}");
    }

    @Profile("default")
    @Bean
    public DataSource dataSourceTest(@Value("${db.password}") String password) throws PropertyVetoException {
        ComboPooledDataSource dataSource = new ComboPooledDataSource();
        dataSource.setUser(username);
        dataSource.setPassword(password);
        dataSource.setJdbcUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test");
        dataSource.setDriverClass(driveClassName);
        return dataSource;
    }

    @Profile("dev")
    @Bean
    public DataSource dataSourceDev(@Value("${db.password}") String password) throws PropertyVetoException {
        ComboPooledDataSource dataSource = new ComboPooledDataSource();
        dataSource.setUser(username);
        dataSource.setPassword(password);
        dataSource.setJdbcUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mysql");
        dataSource.setDriverClass(driveClassName);
        return dataSource;
    }

    @Profile("prod")
    @Bean
    public DataSource dataSourceProd(@Value("${db.password}") String password) throws PropertyVetoException {
        ComboPooledDataSource dataSource = new ComboPooledDataSource();
        dataSource.setUser(username);
        dataSource.setPassword(password);
        dataSource.setJdbcUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/qm_dmp");
        dataSource.setDriverClass(driveClassName);
        return dataSource;
    }
}

运行：

25.2 切换环境-使用命令行动态参数

  • 在运行时指定
-Dspring.profiles.active=prod

25.3 切换环境-使用代码的方式

  • 之前使用的是有参构造器，配置加载完，容器就刷新了，所以使用无参构造器
public AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(Class<?>... annotatedClasses) {
		this();
		register(annotatedClasses);
		refresh();
	}

步骤

  1. 构造IOC容器
  2. 设置需要激活的环境
  3. 注入配置类
  4. 启动刷新容器
@Test
public void test() {
    // 1. 构造IOC容器
    AnnotationConfigApplicationContext applicationContext = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext();
    // 2. 设置需要激活的环境（可以同时激活多个）
    applicationContext.getEnvironment().setActiveProfiles("test", "dev");
    // 3. 注入配置类
    applicationContext.register(MainConfigOfProfile.class);
    // 4. 启动刷新容器
    applicationContext.refresh();

    String[] definitionNames = applicationContext.getBeanDefinitionNames();
    for (String name : definitionNames) {
        System.out.println(name);
    }

}