python模块学习 -openpyxl

python模块学习 -openpyxl

  • openpyxl模块介绍

    • openpyxl模块是一个读写Excel 2010文档的Python库,如果要处理更早格式的Excel文档,需要用到额外的库,openpyxl是一个比较综合的工具,能够同时读取和修改Excel文档。其他很多的与Excel相关的项目基本只支持读或者写Excel一种功能。
  • 安装openpyxl模块

    • openpyxl是一个开源项目,这里使用如下命令安装openpyxl模块
    • pip3 install openpyxl
  • openpyxl基本用法

    • 想要操作Excel首先要了解Excel 基本概念,Excel中列以字幕命名,行以数字命名,比如左上角第一个单元格的坐标为A1,下面的为A2,右边的B1。
    • openpyxl中有三个不同层次的类,Workbook是对工作簿的抽象,Worksheet是对表格的抽象,Cell是对单元格的抽象,每一个类都包含了许多属性和方法。
  • 操作Excel的一般场景

    • 打开或者创建一个Excel需要创建一个Workbook对象
    • 获取一个表则需要先创建一个Workbook对象,然后使用该对象的方法来得到一个Worksheet对象
    • 如果要获取表中的数据,那么得到Worksheet对象以后再从中获取代表单元格的Cell对象
  • Workbook对象

    • 一个Workbook对象代表一个Excel文档,因此在操作Excel之前,都应该先创建一个Workbook对象。对于创建一个新的Excel文档,直接进行Workbook类的调用即可,对于一个已经存在的Excel文档,可以使用openpyxl模块的load_workbook函数进行读取,该函数包涵多个参数,但只有filename参数为必传参数。filename 是一个文件名,也可以是一个打开的文件对象。

      >>> import openpyxl
      >>> excel = openpyxl.Workbook(‘hello.xlxs‘)
      >>> excel1 = openpyxl.load_workbook(‘abc.xlsx‘)
      >>>
      
  • PS:Workbook和load_workbook相同,返回的都是一个Workbook对象。

      Workbook对象提供了很多属性和方法,其中,大部分方法都与sheet有关,部分属性如下:

    • active:获取当前活跃的Worksheet
    • worksheets:以列表的形式返回所有的Worksheet(表格)
    • read_only:判断是否以read_only模式打开Excel文档
    • encoding:获取文档的字符集编码
    • properties:获取文档的元数据,如标题,创建者,创建日期等
    • sheetnames:获取工作簿中的表(列表)
    >>> import openpyxl
    >>> excel2 = openpyxl.load_workbook(‘abc.xlsx‘)
    >>> excel2.active
    <Worksheet "abc">
    >>> excel.read_only
    False
    >>> excel2.worksheets
    [<Worksheet "abc">, <Worksheet "def">]
    >>> excel2.properties
    <openpyxl.packaging.core.DocumentProperties object>
    Parameters:
    creator=‘openpyxl‘, title=None, description=None, subject=None, identifier=None, language=None, created=datetime.datetime(2006, 9, 16, 0, 0), modified=datetime.datetime(2018, 2, 5, 7, 25, 18), lastModifiedBy=‘Are you SuperMan‘, category=None, contentStatus=None, version=None, revision=None, keywords=None, lastPrinted=None
    >>> excel2.encoding
    ‘utf-8‘
    >>>
    
  •  Workbook提供的方法如下:

    • get_sheet_names:获取所有表格的名称(新版已经不建议使用,通过Workbook的sheetnames属性即可获取)
    • get_sheet_by_name:通过表格名称获取Worksheet对象(新版也不建议使用,通过Worksheet[‘表名‘]获取)
    • get_active_sheet:获取活跃的表格(新版建议通过active属性获取)
    • remove_sheet:删除一个表格
    • create_sheet:创建一个空的表格
    • copy_worksheet:在Workbook内拷贝表格
    >>> excel2.get_sheet_names()
     
    Warning (from warnings module):
      File "__main__", line 1
    DeprecationWarning: Call to deprecated function get_sheet_names (Use wb.sheetnames).
    [‘abc‘, ‘def‘]
    >>> excel2.sheetnames
    [‘abc‘, ‘def‘]
    >>> excel2.get_sheet_by_name(‘def‘)
     
    Warning (from warnings module):
      File "__main__", line 1
    DeprecationWarning: Call to deprecated function get_sheet_by_name (Use wb[sheetname]).
    <Worksheet "def">
    >>> excel2[‘def‘]
    <Worksheet "def">
    >>> excel2.get_active_sheet()
     
    Warning (from warnings module):
      File "__main__", line 1
    DeprecationWarning: Call to deprecated function get_active_sheet (Use the .active property).
    <Worksheet "abc">
    >>> excel2.create_sheet(‘ghk‘)
    <Worksheet "ghk">
    
  • Worksheet对象

    • 有了Worksheet对象以后,我们可以通过这个Worksheet对象获取表格的属性,得到单元格中的数据,修改表格中的内容。openpyxl提供了非常灵活的方式来访问表格中的单元格和数据,常用的Worksheet属性如下:
    • title:表格的标题
    • dimensions:表格的大小,这里的大小是指含有数据的表格的大小,即:左上角的坐标:右下角的坐标
    • max_row:表格的最大行
    • min_row:表格的最小行
    • max_column:表格的最大列
    • min_column:表格的最小列
    • rows:按行获取单元格(Cell对象) - 生成器
    • columns:按列获取单元格(Cell对象) - 生成器
    • freeze_panes:冻结窗格
    • values:按行获取表格的内容(数据) - 生成器

PS:freeze_panes,参数比较特别,主要用于在表格较大时冻结顶部的行或左边的行。对于冻结的行,在用户滚动时,是始终可见的,可以设置为一个Cell对象或一个端元个坐标的字符串,单元格上面的行和左边的列将会冻结(单元格所在的行和列不会被冻结)。例如我们要冻结第一行那么设置A2为freeze_panes,如果要冻结第一列,freeze_panes取值为B1,如果要同时冻结第一行和第一列,那么需要设置B2为freeze_panes,freeze_panes值为none时 表示 不冻结任何列。

  • 常用的Worksheet方法如下:

    • iter_rows:按行获取所有单元格,内置属性有(min_row,max_row,min_col,max_col)
    • iter_columns:按列获取所有的单元格
    • append:在表格末尾添加数据
    • merged_cells:合并多个单元格
    • unmerged_cells:移除合并的单元格
    >>> for row in excel2[‘金融‘].iter_rows(min_row=2,max_row=4,min_col=2,max_col=4):
        print(row)
     
    (<Cell ‘abc‘.B2>, <Cell ‘abc‘.C2>, <Cell ‘abc‘.D2>)
    (<Cell ‘abc‘.B3>, <Cell ‘abc‘.C3>, <Cell ‘abc‘.D3>)
    (<Cell ‘abc‘.B4>, <Cell ‘abc‘.C4>, <Cell ‘abc‘.D4>)
    
  • PS:从Worksheet对象的属性和方法可以看到,大部分都是返回的是一个Cell对象,一个Cell对象代表一个单元格,我们可以使用Excel坐标的方式来获取Cell对象,也可以使用Worksheet的cell方法获取Cell对象。

    >>> excel2[‘abc‘][‘A1‘]
    <Cell ‘abc‘.A1>
    >>> excel2[‘abc‘].cell(row=1,column=2)
    <Cell ‘abc‘.B1>
    >>>
    
  • Cell对象

    •  Cell对象比较简单,常用的属性如下:
      • row:单元格所在的行
      • column:单元格坐在的列
      • value:单元格的值
      • coordinate:单元格的坐标
    >>> excel2[‘abc‘].cell(row=1,column=2).coordinate
    ‘B1‘
    >>> excel2[‘abc‘].cell(row=1,column=2).value
    ‘test‘
    >>> excel2[‘abc‘].cell(row=1,column=2).row
    1
    >>> excel2[‘abc‘].cell(row=1,column=2).column
    ‘B‘
    
  • 打印表中数据的几种方式

    # ---------- 方式1 ----------
    >>> for row in excel2[‘abc‘].rows:
        print( *[ cell.value for cell in row ])
     
     
     
    # ---------- 方式2 ----------
    >>> for row in excel2[‘abc‘].values:
        print(*row)
    

操作实例:

  • 1、 安装

    pip install openpyxl

    想要在文件中插入图片文件,需要安装pillow,安装文件:PIL-fork-1.1.7.win-amd64-py2.7.exe

    ·font(字体类):字号、字体颜色、下划线等

    · fill(填充类):颜色等

    · border(边框类):设置单元格边框

    · alignment(位置类):对齐方式

    · number_format(格式类):数据格式

    · protection(保护类):写保护

  • 2、 创建一个excel 文件,并写入不同类的内容

    # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
    
    from openpyxl import Workbook
    wb = Workbook()    #创建文件对象
    
    # grab the active worksheet
    ws = wb.active     #获取第一个sheet
    
    # Data can be assigned directly to cells
    ws['A1'] = 42      #写入数字
    ws['B1'] = "你好"+"automation test" #写入中文(unicode中文也可)
    
    # Rows can also be appended
    ws.append([1, 2, 3])    #写入多个单元格
    
    # Python types will automatically be converted
    import datetime
    import time
    ws['A2'] = datetime.datetime.now()    #写入一个当前时间
    #写入一个自定义的时间格式
    ws['A3'] =time.strftime("%Y年%m月%d日 %H时%M分%S秒",time.localtime())
    
    # Save the file
    wb.save("e:\\sample.xlsx")
    
    
  • 3、 创建sheet

    # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
    
    from openpyxl import Workbook
    wb = Workbook()
    
    ws1 = wb.create_sheet("Mysheet")           #创建一个sheet
    ws1.title = "New Title"                    #设定一个sheet的名字
    ws2 = wb.create_sheet("Mysheet", 0)      #设定sheet的插入位置 默认插在后面
    ws2.title = u"你好"    #设定一个sheet的名字 必须是Unicode
    
    ws1.sheet_properties.tabColor = "1072BA"   #设定sheet的标签的背景颜色
    
    #获取某个sheet对象
    print wb.get_sheet_by_name(u"你好"  )
    print wb["New Title" ]
    
    #获取全部sheet 的名字,遍历sheet名字
    print wb.sheetnames
    for sheet_name in wb.sheetnames:
        print sheet_name
    
    print "*"*50
    
    for sheet in wb:
        print sheet.title
    
    #复制一个sheet
    wb["New Title" ]["A1"]="zeke"
    source = wb["New Title" ]
    target = wb.copy_worksheet(source)
    
    # w3 = wb.copy_worksheet(wb['new title'])
    # ws3.title = 'new2'
    # wb.copy_worksheet(wb['new title']).title = 'hello'
    # Save the file
    wb.save("e:\\sample.xlsx")
    
  • 4、 操作单元格

    # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
    from openpyxl import Workbook
    wb = Workbook()
    ws1 = wb.create_sheet("Mysheet")           #创建一个sheet
    
    ws1["A1"]=123.11
    ws1["B2"]="你好"
    d = ws1.cell(row=4, column=2, value=10)
    
    print ws1["A1"].value
    print ws1["B2"].value
    print d.value
    
    # Save the file
    wb.save("e:\\sample.xlsx")
    
  • 5、 操作批量的单元格

    • 无论ws.rows还是ws.iter_rows都是一个对象
    • 除上述两个对象外 单行,单列都是一个元祖,多行多列是二维元祖
    # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
    from openpyxl import Workbook
    wb = Workbook()
    
    ws1 = wb.create_sheet("Mysheet")           #创建一个sheet
    
    ws1["A1"]=1
    ws1["A2"]=2
    ws1["A3"]=3
    
    ws1["B1"]=4
    ws1["B2"]=5
    ws1["B3"]=6
    
    ws1["C1"]=7
    ws1["C2"]=8
    ws1["C3"]=9
    
    #操作单列
    print ws1["A"]
    for cell in ws1["A"]:
        print cell.value
    
    #操作多列,获取每一个值
    print ws1["A:C"]
    for column in ws1["A:C"]:
        for cell in column:
            print cell.value
    
    #操作多行
    row_range = ws1[1:3]
    print row_range
    for row in row_range:
        for cell in row:
            print cell.value
    
    print "*"*50
    for row in ws1.iter_rows(min_row=1, min_col=1, max_col=3, max_row=3):
        for cell in row:
            print cell.value
    
    #获取所有行
    print ws1.rows
    for row in ws1.rows:
        print row
    
    print "*"*50
    #获取所有列
    print ws1.columns
    for col in ws1.columns:
        print col
    
    wb.save("e:\\sample.xlsx")
    
    • 使用百分数
    # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
    from openpyxl import Workbook
    from openpyxl import load_workbook
    wb = load_workbook('e:\\sample.xlsx')
    wb.guess_types = True
    ws=wb.active
    ws["D1"]="12%"
    print ws["D1"].value
    
    # Save the file
    wb.save("e:\\sample.xlsx")
    #结果会打印小数
    
    
    # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
    from openpyxl import Workbook
    from openpyxl import load_workbook
    wb = load_workbook('e:\\sample.xlsx')
    wb.guess_types = False
    ws=wb.active
    ws["D1"]="12%"
    print ws["D1"].value
    wb.save("e:\\sample.xlsx")
    #结果会打印百分数
    
    • 获取所有的行对象:

    #coding=utf-8
    from openpyxl import Workbook
    from openpyxl import load_workbook
    wb = load_workbook('e:\\sample.xlsx')
    ws=wb.active
    cols=[]
    cols = []
    for col in ws.iter_cols():
        cols.append(col)
     
    print cols   #所有列
    print cols[0]   #获取第一列
    print cols[0][0]   #获取第一列的第一行的单元格对象
    print cols[0][0].value   #获取第一列的第一行的值
     
    print "*"*30
    print cols[len(cols)-1]   #获取最后一列
    print cols[len(cols)-1][len(cols[0])-1]   #获取最后一列的最后一行的单元格对象
    print cols[len(cols)-1][len(cols[0])-1].value   #获取最后一列的最后一行的单元格对象的值
    
  • 6、 操作已经存在的文件

    # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
    from openpyxl import Workbook
    from openpyxl import load_workbook
    wb = load_workbook('e:\\sample.xlsx')
    wb.guess_types = True   #猜测格式类型
    ws=wb.active
    ws["D1"]="12%"
    print ws["D1"].value
    
    # Save the file
    wb.save("e:\\sample.xlsx")
    #注意如果原文件有一些图片或者图标,则保存的时候可能会导致图片丢失
    
  • 7、 单元格类型

     # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
    from openpyxl import Workbook
    from openpyxl import load_workbook
    import datetime
    wb = load_workbook('e:\\sample.xlsx')
    
    ws=wb.active
    wb.guess_types = True
    
    ws["A1"]=datetime.datetime(2010, 7, 21)
    print ws["A1"].number_format
    
    ws["A2"]="12%"
    print ws["A2"].number_format
    
    ws["A3"]= 1.1
    print ws["A4"].number_format
    
    ws["A4"]= "中国"
    print ws["A5"].number_format
    # Save the file
    wb.save("e:\\sample.xlsx")
    执行结果:
    yyyy-mm-dd h:mm:ss
    0%
    General
    General
    #如果是常规,显示general,如果是数字,显示'0.00_ ',如果是百分数显示0%
    数字需要在Excel中设置数字类型,直接写入的数字是常规类型
    
  • 8、 使用公式

    # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
    from openpyxl import Workbook
    from openpyxl import load_workbook
    
    wb = load_workbook('e:\\sample.xlsx')
    ws1=wb.active
    
    ws1["A1"]=1
    ws1["A2"]=2
    ws1["A3"]=3
    
    ws1["A4"] = "=SUM(1, 1)"
    ws1["A5"] = "=SUM(A1:A3)"
    
    print ws1["A4"].value  #打印的是公式内容,不是公式计算后的值,程序无法取到计算后的值
    print ws1["A5"].value  #打印的是公式内容,不是公式计算后的值,程序无法取到计算后的值
    
    # Save the file
    wb.save("e:\\sample.xlsx")
    
  • 9、 合并单元格

    # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
    from openpyxl import Workbook
    from openpyxl import load_workbook
    
    wb = load_workbook('e:\\sample.xlsx')
    ws1=wb.active
    
    ws.merge_cells('A2:D2')
    ws.unmerge_cells('A2:D2')  #合并后的单元格,脚本单独执行拆分操作会报错,需要重新执行合并操作再拆分
    
    # or equivalently
    ws.merge_cells(start_row=2,start_column=1,end_row=2,end_column=4)
    ws.unmerge_cells(start_row=2,start_column=1,end_row=2,end_column=4)
    
    # Save the file
    wb.save("e:\\sample.xlsx")
    
  • 10、插入一个图片

    • 需要先安装Pilow,安全文件是:PIL-fork-1.1.7.win-amd64-py2.7.exe
    # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
    from openpyxl import load_workbook
    from openpyxl.drawing.image import Image
    
    wb = load_workbook('e:\\sample.xlsx')
    ws1=wb.active
    
    img = Image('e:\\1.png')
    ws1.add_image(img, 'A1')
    
    # Save the file
    wb.save("e:\\sample.xlsx")
    
  • 11、 隐藏单元格

    # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
    from openpyxl import load_workbook
    from openpyxl.drawing.image import Image
    
    wb = load_workbook('e:\\sample.xlsx')
    ws1=wb.active
    
    ws1.column_dimensions.group('A', 'D', hidden=True)   #隐藏a到d列范围内的列
    #ws1.row_dimensions 无group方法
    # Save the file
    wb.save("e:\\sample.xlsx")
    
  • 12、 画一个柱状图

    # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
    from openpyxl import load_workbook
    from openpyxl import Workbook
    from openpyxl.chart import BarChart, Reference, Series
    
    wb = load_workbook('e:\\sample.xlsx')
    ws1=wb.active
    
    wb = Workbook()
    ws = wb.active
    for i in range(10):
        ws.append([i])
    
    values = Reference(ws, min_col=1, min_row=1, max_col=1, max_row=10)
    chart = BarChart()
    chart.add_data(values)
    ws.add_chart(chart, "E15")
    
    # Save the file
    wb.save("e:\\sample.xlsx")
    
  • 13、 画一个饼图

    # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
    from openpyxl import load_workbook
    from openpyxl import Workbook
    from openpyxl.chart import (PieChart , ProjectedPieChart, Reference)
    from openpyxl.chart.series import DataPoint
    
    data = [
        ['Pie', 'Sold'],
        ['Apple', 50],
        ['Cherry', 30],
        ['Pumpkin', 10],
        ['Chocolate', 40],
    ]
    
    wb = Workbook()
    ws = wb.active
    
    for row in data:
        ws.append(row)
    
    pie = PieChart()
    labels = Reference(ws, min_col=1, min_row=2, max_row=5)
    data = Reference(ws, min_col=2, min_row=1, max_row=5)
    pie.add_data(data, titles_from_data=True)
    pie.set_categories(labels)
    pie.title = "Pies sold by category"
    
    # Cut the first slice out of the pie
    slice = DataPoint(idx=0, explosion=20)
    pie.series[0].data_points = [slice]
    
    ws.add_chart(pie, "D1")
    
    ws = wb.create_sheet(title="Projection")
    
    data = [
        ['Page', 'Views'],
        ['Search', 95],
        ['Products', 4],
        ['Offers', 0.5],
        ['Sales', 0.5],
    ]
    
    for row in data:
        ws.append(row)
    
    projected_pie = ProjectedPieChart()
    projected_pie.type = "pie"
    projected_pie.splitType = "val" # split by value
    labels = Reference(ws, min_col=1, min_row=2, max_row=5)
    data = Reference(ws, min_col=2, min_row=1, max_row=5)
    projected_pie.add_data(data, titles_from_data=True)
    projected_pie.set_categories(labels)
    
    ws.add_chart(projected_pie, "A10")
    
    from copy import deepcopy
    projected_bar = deepcopy(projected_pie)
    projected_bar.type = "bar"
    projected_bar.splitType = 'pos' # split by position
    
    ws.add_chart(projected_bar, "A27")
    
    # Save the file
    wb.save("e:\\sample.xlsx")
    
  • 14、 设定一个表格区域,并设定表格的格式

    # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
    from openpyxl import load_workbook
    from openpyxl import Workbook
    from openpyxl.worksheet.table import Table, TableStyleInfo
    
    wb = Workbook()
    ws = wb.active
    
    data = [
        ['Apples', 10000, 5000, 8000, 6000],
        ['Pears',   2000, 3000, 4000, 5000],
        ['Bananas', 6000, 6000, 6500, 6000],
        ['Oranges',  500,  300,  200,  700],
    ]
    
    # add column headings. NB. these must be strings
    ws.append(["Fruit", "2011", "2012", "2013", "2014"])
    for row in data:
        ws.append(row)
    
    tab = Table(displayName="Table1", ref="A1:E5")
    
    # Add a default style with striped rows and banded columns
    style = TableStyleInfo(name="TableStyleMedium9", showFirstColumn=True,
                           showLastColumn=True, showRowStripes=True, showColumnStripes=True)
    #第一列是否和样式第一行颜色一行,第二列是否···
    #是否隔行换色,是否隔列换色
    tab.tableStyleInfo = style
    ws.add_table(tab)
    
    # Save the file
    wb.save("e:\\sample.xlsx")
    
  • 15、给单元格设定字体颜色

    # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
    from openpyxl import Workbook
    from openpyxl.styles import colors
    from openpyxl.styles import Font
    
    wb = Workbook()
    ws = wb.active
    
    a1 = ws['A1']
    d4 = ws['D4']
    ft = Font(color=colors.RED)  # color="FFBB00",颜色编码也可以设定颜色
    a1.font = ft
    d4.font = ft
    
    # If you want to change the color of a Font, you need to reassign it::
    #italic 倾斜字体
    a1.font = Font(color=colors.RED, italic=True) # the change only affects A1
    a1.value = "abc"
    
    # Save the file
    wb.save("e:\\sample.xlsx")
    
  • 16、设定字体和大小

    # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
    from openpyxl import Workbook
    from openpyxl.styles import colors
    from openpyxl.styles import Font
    
    wb = Workbook()
    ws = wb.active
    
    a1 = ws['A1']
    d4 = ws['D4']
    a1.value = "abc"
    
    from openpyxl.styles import Font
    from copy import copy
    
    ft1 = Font(name=u'宋体', size=14)
    ft2 = copy(ft1)   #复制字体对象
    ft2.name = "Tahoma"
    
    print ft1.name
    print ft2.name
    print ft2.size # copied from the
    
    a1.font = ft1
    # Save the file
    wb.save("e:\\sample.xlsx")
    
  • 17、设定行和列的字体

    # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
    from openpyxl import Workbook
    from openpyxl.styles import Font
    wb = Workbook()
    ws = wb.active
    
    col = ws.column_dimensions['A']
    col.font = Font(bold=True)   #将A列设定为粗体
    row = ws.row_dimensions[1]
    row.font = Font(underline="single")  #将第一行设定为下划线格式
    
    # Save the file
    wb.save("e:\\sample.xlsx")
    
  • 18、设定单元格的边框、字体、颜色、大小和边框背景色

    # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
    from openpyxl import Workbook
    from openpyxl.styles import Font
    from openpyxl.styles import NamedStyle, Font, Border, Side,PatternFill
    
    wb = Workbook()
    ws = wb.active
    
    highlight = NamedStyle(name="highlight")
    highlight.font = Font(bold=True, size=20,color= "ff0100")
    highlight.fill = PatternFill("solid", fgColor="DDDDDD")#背景填充
    bd = Side(style='thick', color="000000")
    highlight.border = Border(left=bd, top=bd, right=bd, bottom=bd)
    
    print dir(ws["A1"])
    ws["A1"].style =highlight
    
    # Save the file
    wb.save("e:\\sample.xlsx")
    
  • 19、常用的样式和属性设置

    # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
    from openpyxl import Workbook
    from openpyxl.styles import Font
    from openpyxl.styles import NamedStyle, Font, Border, Side,PatternFill
    from openpyxl.styles import PatternFill, Border, Side, Alignment, Protection, Font
    
    wb = Workbook()
    ws = wb.active
    
    ft = Font(name=u'微软雅黑',
        size=11,
        bold=False,
        italic=False,
        vertAlign=None,
        underline='none',
        strike=False,
        color='FF000000')
    
    fill = PatternFill(fill_type="solid",
        start_color='FFEEFFFF',
        end_color='FF001100')
    
    #边框可以选择的值为:'hair', 'medium', 'dashDot', 'dotted', 'mediumDashDot', 'dashed', 'mediumDashed', 'mediumDashDotDot', 'dashDotDot', 'slantDashDot', 'double', 'thick', 'thin']
    #diagonal 表示对角线
    bd = Border(left=Side(border_style="thin",
                  color='FF001000'),
        right=Side(border_style="thin",
                   color='FF110000'),
        top=Side(border_style="thin",
                 color='FF110000'),
        bottom=Side(border_style="thin",
                    color='FF110000'),
        diagonal=Side(border_style=None,
                      color='FF000000'),
        diagonal_direction=0,
        outline=Side(border_style=None,
                     color='FF000000'),
        vertical=Side(border_style=None,
                      color='FF000000'),
        horizontal=Side(border_style=None,
                       color='FF110000')
                    )
    
    alignment=Alignment(horizontal='general',
            vertical='bottom',
            text_rotation=0,
            wrap_text=False,
            shrink_to_fit=False,
            indent=0)
    
    number_format = 'General'
    
    protection = Protection(locked=True,
                hidden=False)
    
    ws["B5"].font = ft
    ws["B5"].fill =fill
    ws["B5"].border = bd
    ws["B5"].alignment = alignment
    ws["B5"].number_format = number_format
    
    ws["B5"].value ="zeke"
    
    # Save the file
    wb.save("e:\\sample.xlsx")
    
posted @ 2019-06-28 21:05  Yeokrin  阅读(438)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报