Android6.0动态权限申请
goggle在Android6.0要求部分权限需要动态申请,直接下载AndroidManifest.xml中无效
- 6.0权限的基本知识,以下是需要单独申请的权限,共分为9组,
- 每组只要有一个权限申请成功了,就默认整组权限都可以使用了。
group:android.permission-group.CONTACTS
permission:android.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS
permission:android.permission.GET_ACCOUNTS
permission:android.permission.READ_CONTACTS
group:android.permission-group.PHONE
permission:android.permission.READ_CALL_LOG
permission:android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE
permission:android.permission.CALL_PHONE
permission:android.permission.WRITE_CALL_LOG
permission:android.permission.USE_SIP
permission:android.permission.PROCESS_OUTGOING_CALLS
permission:com.android.voicemail.permission.ADD_VOICEMAIL
group:android.permission-group.CALENDAR
permission:android.permission.READ_CALENDAR
permission:android.permission.WRITE_CALENDAR
group:android.permission-group.CAMERA
permission:android.permission.CAMERA
group:android.permission-group.SENSORS
permission:android.permission.BODY_SENSORS
group:android.permission-group.LOCATION
permission:android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION
permission:android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION
group:android.permission-group.STORAGE
permission:android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
permission:android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
group:android.permission-group.MICROPHONE
permission:android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO
group:android.permission-group.SMS
permission:android.permission.READ_SMS
permission:android.permission.RECEIVE_WAP_PUSH
permission:android.permission.RECEIVE_MMS
permission:android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS
permission:android.permission.SEND_SMS
permission:android.permission.READ_CELL_BROADCASTS
- 以下是普通权限,只需要在AndroidManifest.xml中申请即可
android.permission.ACCESS_LOCATION_EXTRA_COMMANDS
android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE
android.permission.ACCESS_NOTIFICATION_POLICY
android.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE
android.permission.ACCESS_WIMAX_STATE
android.permission.BLUETOOTH
android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN
android.permission.BROADCAST_STICKY
android.permission.CHANGE_NETWORK_STATE
android.permission.CHANGE_WIFI_MULTICAST_STATE
android.permission.CHANGE_WIFI_STATE
android.permission.CHANGE_WIMAX_STATE
android.permission.DISABLE_KEYGUARD
android.permission.EXPAND_STATUS_BAR
android.permission.FLASHLIGHT
android.permission.GET_ACCOUNTS
android.permission.GET_PACKAGE_SIZE
android.permission.INTERNET
android.permission.KILL_BACKGROUND_PROCESSES
android.permission.MODIFY_AUDIO_SETTINGS
android.permission.NFC
android.permission.READ_SYNC_SETTINGS
android.permission.READ_SYNC_STATS
android.permission.RECEIVE_BOOT_COMPLETED
android.permission.REORDER_TASKS
android.permission.REQUEST_INSTALL_PACKAGES
android.permission.SET_TIME_ZONE
android.permission.SET_WALLPAPER
android.permission.SET_WALLPAPER_HINTS
android.permission.SUBSCRIBED_FEEDS_READ
android.permission.TRANSMIT_IR
android.permission.USE_FINGERPRINT
android.permission.VIBRATE
android.permission.WAKE_LOCK
android.permission.WRITE_SYNC_SETTINGS
com.android.alarm.permission.SET_ALARM
com.android.launcher.permission.INSTALL_SHORTCUT
com.android.launcher.permission.UNINSTALL_SHORTCUT
- 将targetSdkVersion设置为23,注意,如果你将targetSdkVersion设置为>=23,则必须按照Android谷歌的要求,动态的申请权限,如果你暂时不打算支持动态权限申请,则targetSdkVersion最大只能设置为22
- 在AndroidManifest.xml中申请你需要的权限,包括普通权限和需要申请的特殊权限。
开始申请权限,此处分为3部。
-
(1)检查是否由此权限checkSelfPermission(),如果已经开启,则直接做你想做的。
-
(2)如果未开启,则判断是否需要向用户解释为何申请权限shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale。
- (3)如果需要(即返回true),则可以弹出对话框提示用户申请权限原因,用户确认后申请权限requestPermissions(),如果不需要(即返回false),则直接申请权限requestPermissions()。
(这里是一部门代码,底部有比较完善的代码,整个demo可以在github中下载)。
/** * Requests permission. * * @param activity * @param requestCode request code, e.g. if you need request CAMERA permission,parameters is PermissionUtils.CODE_CAMERA */ public static void requestPermission(final Activity activity, final int requestCode, PermissionGrant permissionGrant) { if (activity == null) { return; } Log.i(TAG, "requestPermission requestCode:" + requestCode); if (requestCode < 0 || requestCode >= requestPermissions.length) { Log.w(TAG, "requestPermission illegal requestCode:" + requestCode); return; } final String requestPermission = requestPermissions[requestCode]; //如果是6.0以下的手机,ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission()会始终等于PERMISSION_GRANTED, // 但是,如果用户关闭了你申请的权限(如下图,在安装的时候,将一些权限关闭了),ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission()则可能会导致程序崩溃(java.lang.RuntimeException: Unknown exception code: 1 msg null), // 你可以使用try{}catch(){},处理异常,也可以判断系统版本,低于23就不申请权限,直接做你想做的。permissionGrant.onPermissionGranted(requestCode); // if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < 23) { // permissionGrant.onPermissionGranted(requestCode); // return; // } int checkSelfPermission; try { checkSelfPermission = ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(activity, requestPermission); } catch (RuntimeException e) { Toast.makeText(activity, "please open this permission", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT) .show(); Log.e(TAG, "RuntimeException:" + e.getMessage()); return; } if (checkSelfPermission != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) { Log.i(TAG, "ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED"); if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(activity, requestPermission)) { Log.i(TAG, "requestPermission shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale"); shouldShowRationale(activity, requestCode, requestPermission); } else { Log.d(TAG, "requestCameraPermission else"); ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(activity, new String[]{requestPermission}, requestCode); } } else { Log.d(TAG, "ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission ==== PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED"); Toast.makeText(activity, "opened:" + requestPermissions[requestCode], Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); //得到权限的时候,就可以在回调里面做你想做的事情了 permissionGrant.onPermissionGranted(requestCode); } }
一次申请多个权限
其实和申请一个权限是一样的,只是requestPermissions(final @NonNull Activity activity,
final @NonNull String[] permissions, final int requestCode),里面的permissions给的参数多些而已。
/** * 一次申请多个权限 */ public static void requestMultiPermissions(final Activity activity, PermissionGrant grant) { final List<String> permissionsList = getNoGrantedPermission(activity, false); final List<String> shouldRationalePermissionsList = getNoGrantedPermission(activity, true); //TODO checkSelfPermission if (permissionsList == null || shouldRationalePermissionsList == null) { return; } Log.d(TAG, "requestMultiPermissions permissionsList:" + permissionsList.size() + ",shouldRationalePermissionsList:" + shouldRationalePermissionsList.size()); if (permissionsList.size() > 0) { ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(activity, permissionsList.toArray(new String[permissionsList.size()]), CODE_MULTI_PERMISSION); Log.d(TAG, "showMessageOKCancel requestPermissions"); } else if (shouldRationalePermissionsList.size() > 0) { showMessageOKCancel(activity, "should open those permission", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(activity, shouldRationalePermissionsList.toArray(new String[shouldRationalePermissionsList.size()]), CODE_MULTI_PERMISSION); Log.d(TAG, "showMessageOKCancel requestPermissions"); } }); } else { grant.onPermissionGranted(CODE_MULTI_PERMISSION); } }