在《GML可视化学习（一）》中，对简单的图形（线段）进行了简单的转换（不考虑比例缩放），只是作初步实验。
railway是数字化的线要素，在ArcGIS中将其导出成xml或gml格式的文件railway.xml（两种一样，以xml为例），这个过程同时导出了这个gml实例的应用模式railwa.xsd。
对railway.xml编写可扩展样式语言转换railway.xslt。（此处不考虑使用viewBox特性）
关键：
1.比例的确定。
根据railway.xml中边界框数据推算线要素的最小可视范围，水平方向为33186m，垂直方向为19201m。
svg可视范围定为width：800，height：600，单位为dpi。我的电脑1inch=96dpi，那么1m=3780dpi。（如果不带单位或者使用像素px，那么将直接根据客户端输出设备的坐标系统单位来显示--《SVG开发实践》P51）
水平方向缩小33186*3780/800=156804
垂直方向缩小19201*3780/600=120966
水平方向缩小比例大，选用水平方向参数的近似值156900，1m=3780/156900dpi
2.坐标系转换
以railway.xml中边界框左下角为坐标计算相对点，水平坐标只用缩小，垂直坐标除了缩小，还要关于x轴翻转180度，然后向下移height距离，也就是乘以-1，然后加上height。
代码如下：
railway.xml
1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2 <?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="railway.xsl"?>
3 <gml:FeatureCollection xmlns:gml="http://www.opengis.net/gml" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:fme="http://www.safe.com/gml/fme" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.safe.com/gml/fme railway.xsd">
4 <gml:boundedBy>
5 <gml:Envelope srsName="EPSG:2362" srsDimension="2">
6 <gml:lowerCorner>38497863.6307 3996815.453</gml:lowerCorner>
7 <gml:upperCorner>38531050.1753 4016016.2422</gml:upperCorner>
8 </gml:Envelope>
9 </gml:boundedBy>
10 <gml:featureMember>
11 <fme:railway gml:id="idb6a633c0-2acc-4ed3-b290-b7d2340e73ab">
12 <fme:OBJECTID>1</fme:OBJECTID>
13 <fme:Id>0</fme:Id>
14 <fme:name> </fme:name>
15 <fme:Shape_Length>8600.03026056981</fme:Shape_Length>
16 <gml:curveProperty>
17 <gml:LineString srsName="EPSG:2362" srsDimension="2">
18 <gml:coordinates>38512631.9559,4001604.5979 38512685.7699,4001532.846 38512971.2542,4001282.6067 38513168.6261,4001127.5287 38513478.782,4000926.6323 38513725.4969,4000863.1914 38514099.0937,4000785.6524 38514472.6905,4000669.3439 38514803.9934,4000528.364 38515241.0312,4000401.4821 38515579.383,4000278.1246 38515984.7003,4000123.0467 38516182.0723,4000070.1792 38516474.6056,4000017.3117 38516689.6,4000003.2137 38517295.8137,3999950.3463 38517993.6644,3999876.3318 38518494.1432,3999823.4643 38519029.867,3999742.4009 38519435.1843,3999640.1904 38519805.2566,3999520.3575 38520242.2944,3999389.951 38520563.0238,3999315.9366 38520766.3617,3999269.0124</gml:coordinates>
19 </gml:LineString>
20 </gml:curveProperty>
21 </fme:railway>
22 </gml:featureMember>
23 <gml:featureMember>
24 <fme:railway gml:id="idd4117d96-c85f-4e8d-8cc7-8740cb5f9aab">
25 <fme:OBJECTID>2</fme:OBJECTID>
26 <fme:Id>0</fme:Id>
27 <fme:name> </fme:name>
28 <fme:Shape_Length>4836.51829522531</fme:Shape_Length>
29 <gml:curveProperty>
30 <gml:LineString srsName="EPSG:2362" srsDimension="2">
31 <gml:coordinates>38509205.824,4004651.3118 38509302.2514,4004606.2086 38509626.5052,4004539.2432 38509993.0531,4004454.6552 38510341.9784,4004281.9548 38510588.6933,4004155.0729 38510881.2267,4004007.0439 38511187.858,4003813.1965 38511529.7344,4003481.8937 38511794.0718,4003104.7723 38511924.4782,4002755.847 38512033.7376,4002509.1321 38512213.4871,4002181.3538 38512386.1875,4001948.7369 38512558.8879,4001702.022 38512631.9559,4001604.5979</gml:coordinates>
32 </gml:LineString>
33 </gml:curveProperty>
34 </fme:railway>
35 </gml:featureMember>
36 <gml:featureMember>
37 <fme:railway gml:id="id2240fdf5-32c9-40c3-aa06-2caaa2286ba3">
38 <fme:OBJECTID>3</fme:OBJECTID>
39 <fme:Id>0</fme:Id>
40 <fme:name> </fme:name>
41 <fme:Shape_Length>1930.26751018981</fme:Shape_Length>
42 <gml:curveProperty>
43 <gml:LineString srsName="EPSG:2362" srsDimension="2">
44 <gml:coordinates>38509205.824,4004651.3118 38509028.1237,4004635.4924 38508661.5759,4004589.674 38508358.4691,4004568.527 38508267.6782,4004566.2852 38507741.3002,4004507.27 38507583.0794,4004473.3655 38507403.33,4004402.8755 38507305.9305,4004368.6541</gml:coordinates>
45 </gml:LineString>
46 </gml:curveProperty>
47 </fme:railway>
48 </gml:featureMember>
49 <gml:featureMember>
50 <fme:railway gml:id="id2ac37021-4afc-436e-ae3c-ecfbadfbe36c">
51 <fme:OBJECTID>4</fme:OBJECTID>
52 <fme:Id>0</fme:Id>
53 <fme:name> </fme:name>
54 <fme:Shape_Length>11655.433406525</fme:Shape_Length>
55 <gml:curveProperty>
56 <gml:LineString srsName="EPSG:2362" srsDimension="2">
57 <gml:coordinates>38507305.9305,4004368.6541 38507272.9235,4004357.0571 38507218.4653,4004346.1654 38507113.9636,4004334.2113 38507012.1107,4004339.4346 38506979.8418,4004341.5391 38506797.8693,4004367.727 38506673.7588,4004409.9245 38505993.5306,4004635.4924 38505775.0117,4004741.2274 38505604.6809,4004859.9428 38505483.1236,4005004.1154 38505471.9049,4005023.1873 38505345.0229,4005294.5736 38505225.1113,4005534.397 38505135.4495,4005650.5057 38504957.5573,4005799.9351 38504890.1156,4005830.4445 38504798.8763,4005871.7194 38504722.147,4005882.3028 38504616.3134,4005877.0111 38504515.7716,4005874.3653 38504269.7086,4005871.7194 38504047.4581,4005877.0111 38503975.6786,4005882.7535 38503853.5977,4005919.778 38503798.7493,4005948.4487 38503724.283,4005982.5791 38503652.8364,4006005.4752 38503544.7488,4005998.7197 38503436.9807,4005955.2648 38503359.9234,4005896.2827 38503275.5628,4005748.9761 38503181.9278,4005585.4751 38503089.8043,4005330.9644 38502987.381,4005047.9981 38502896.6312,4004885.1293 38502765.0901,4004758.8499 38502218.7929,4004325.3366 38501968.5535,4004142.0627 38501556.1872,4003708.5494 38501362.3397,4003338.477 38501105.0514,4003165.7766 38500742.028,4003045.9437 38500350.8087,4003003.6497 38499924.3444,4002922.5862 38499452.0616,4002721.6898 38499204.4285,4002606.3153 38499057.1936,4002576.4082 38498757.7354,4002573.6609 38498514.5548,4002575.9769 38498332.8644,4002589.2838 38498213.9152,4002615.5453 38498071.2804,4002664.5996 38497989.3948,4002714.6408 38497863.6307,4002791.4966</gml:coordinates>
58 </gml:LineString>
59 </gml:curveProperty>
60 </fme:railway>
61 </gml:featureMember>
62 <gml:featureMember>
63 <fme:railway gml:id="idb2a13175-f93b-450f-99dd-5bc8de41250f">
64 <fme:OBJECTID>5</fme:OBJECTID>
65 <fme:Id>0</fme:Id>
66 <fme:name> </fme:name>
67 <fme:Shape_Length>2082.82891786472</fme:Shape_Length>
68 <gml:curveProperty>
69 <gml:LineString srsName="EPSG:2362" srsDimension="2">
70 <gml:coordinates>38511899.9577,3998804.1306 38511777.102,3998439.4025 38511678.416,3998133.946 38511612.6254,3997908.3781 38511495.1421,3997621.7189 38511415.2535,3997363.2557 38511358.8615,3997114.1911 38511291.2227,3996815.453</gml:coordinates>
71 </gml:LineString>
72 </gml:curveProperty>
73 </fme:railway>
74 </gml:featureMember>
75 <gml:featureMember>
76 <fme:railway gml:id="id9f3010e2-865f-4322-a1cf-e15aae11d8c0">
77 <fme:OBJECTID>6</fme:OBJECTID>
78 <fme:Id>0</fme:Id>
79 <fme:name> </fme:name>
80 <fme:Shape_Length>2903.0310234684</fme:Shape_Length>
81 <gml:curveProperty>
82 <gml:LineString srsName="EPSG:2362" srsDimension="2">
83 <gml:coordinates>38512631.9559,4001604.5979 38512613.5829,4001484.5691 38512575.9883,4001141.5179 38512528.9949,4000911.2507 38512439.7076,4000558.8009 38512317.525,4000112.3644 38512195.3424,3999684.7253 38512077.8591,3999365.1708 38511988.5719,3999139.6029 38511927.4805,3998885.839 38511899.9577,3998804.1306</gml:coordinates>
84 </gml:LineString>
85 </gml:curveProperty>
86 </fme:railway>
87 </gml:featureMember>
88 <gml:featureMember>
89 <fme:railway gml:id="id5e1754ef-adc8-48c1-be16-48ea9f54d88e">
90 <fme:OBJECTID>7</fme:OBJECTID>
91 <fme:Id>0</fme:Id>
92 <fme:name> </fme:name>
93 <fme:Shape_Length>1060.15960166528</fme:Shape_Length>
94 <gml:curveProperty>
95 <gml:LineString srsName="EPSG:2362" srsDimension="2">
96 <gml:coordinates>38507382.8359,4016016.2422 38507393.1481,4015899.3705 38507409.0083,4015719.6211 38507409.0083,4015590.0958 38507411.6517,4015428.85 38507422.2252,4015331.0451 38507411.6517,4015220.0234 38507345.5674,4015058.7776 38507290.5552,4014990.8214</gml:coordinates>
97 </gml:LineString>
98 </gml:curveProperty>
99 </fme:railway>
100 </gml:featureMember>
101 <gml:featureMember>
102 <fme:railway gml:id="id034a3b26-485a-4220-807c-34b70957eeac">
103 <fme:OBJECTID>8</fme:OBJECTID>
104 <fme:Id>0</fme:Id>
105 <fme:name> </fme:name>
106 <fme:Shape_Length>3524.20655151805</fme:Shape_Length>
107 <gml:curveProperty>
108 <gml:LineString srsName="EPSG:2362" srsDimension="2">
109 <gml:coordinates>38506814.4812,4006770.0641 38506884.4455,4006685.6627 38507004.2784,4006509.4378 38507215.7484,4006280.3454 38507360.2528,4006195.7574 38507490.6592,4006121.743 38507557.6247,4006104.1205 38507638.6882,4006100.596 38507846.6336,4006090.0225 38508036.9565,4006090.0225 38508216.7059,4006044.204 38508389.4063,4005949.0425 38508579.7292,4005790.4401 38508653.7437,4005642.4112 38508720.7092,4005508.4802 38508731.2827,4005371.0248 38508738.3317,4005205.3734 38508770.0521,4005025.624 38508875.7871,4004849.399 38509083.7325,4004708.4191 38509205.824,4004651.3118</gml:coordinates>
110 </gml:LineString>
111 </gml:curveProperty>
112 </fme:railway>
113 </gml:featureMember>
114 <gml:featureMember>
115 <fme:railway gml:id="id1efb8358-c6b3-40cf-9e30-2f58e8c9865f">
116 <fme:OBJECTID>9</fme:OBJECTID>
117 <fme:Id>0</fme:Id>
118 <fme:name> </fme:name>
119 <fme:Shape_Length>9672.4691586237</fme:Shape_Length>
120 <gml:curveProperty>
121 <gml:LineString srsName="EPSG:2362" srsDimension="2">
122 <gml:coordinates>38507290.5552,4014990.8214 38507255.6927,4014947.7559 38507139.3842,4014860.5246 38506988.7119,4014783.8667 38506819.536,4014741.5728 38506618.6396,4014738.9294 38506386.0227,4014736.286 38506245.9239,4014730.9993 38506126.9721,4014715.139 38506026.5239,4014678.1318 38505907.572,4014601.474 38505796.5503,4014485.1655 38505725.1792,4014368.8571 38505648.5214,4014202.3245 38505643.2347,4014107.1631 38505651.1648,4013964.4209 38505682.8853,4013834.8956 38505743.6829,4013734.4474 38505817.6973,4013583.775 38505844.1311,4013485.9702 38505849.4178,4013377.5919 38505870.5648,4013205.7726 38505918.1455,4012978.4424 38505941.9359,4012798.693 38505952.5094,4012515.852 38505963.0829,4012344.0327 38505980.0853,4011831.7567 38505971.6004,4011422.5885 38505950.4534,4010844.5708 38505922.2574,4010534.4149 38505869.39,4009914.1032 38505865.8655,4009586.3249 38505869.39,4009050.6011 38505901.1105,4008768.6412 38505925.7819,4008627.6613 38506052.6639,4008387.9954 38506094.9579,4008271.687 38506225.3643,4008053.1681 38506334.6238,4007757.1102 38506436.8342,4007499.8218 38506570.7651,4007133.274 38506662.4021,4006953.5246 38506814.4812,4006770.0641</gml:coordinates>
123 </gml:LineString>
124 </gml:curveProperty>
125 </fme:railway>
126 </gml:featureMember>
127 <gml:featureMember>
128 <fme:railway gml:id="id387c5ad1-9d32-4f57-9944-cdf05804867b">
129 <fme:OBJECTID>10</fme:OBJECTID>
130 <fme:Id>0</fme:Id>
131 <fme:name>京广铁路</fme:name>
132 <fme:Shape_Length>9090.73675901561</fme:Shape_Length>
133 <gml:curveProperty>
134 <gml:LineString srsName="EPSG:2362" srsDimension="2">
135 <gml:coordinates>38531050.1753,4013866.2488 38531050.1035,4013784.9367 38531049.9454,4013605.6714 38531048.8302,4013472.9658 38531044.3893,4012947.1858 38531007.7701,4012700.1429 38530880.7699,4011813.7869 38530798.7489,4011419.557 38530727.3112,4010863.9309 38530647.9361,4010427.3675 38530600.311,4010136.3253 38530550.04,4009789.7204 38530499.7691,4009358.4487 38530433.6231,4008826.6351 38530401.8731,4008564.6971 38530388.6439,4008355.6759 38530356.8938,4007900.5916 38530364.8313,4007522.2367 38530341.0188,4007104.1942 38530343.6646,4006437.4429 38530346.3105,4006215.1924 38530325.1437,4005566.962 38530314.5604,4005254.753 38530290.7478,4004939.8982 38530282.2806,4004827.9426</gml:coordinates>
136 </gml:LineString>
137 </gml:curveProperty>
138 </fme:railway>
139 </gml:featureMember>
140 </gml:FeatureCollection>
141
railway.xsd
1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2 <schema xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:gml="http://www.opengis.net/gml" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:fme="http://www.safe.com/gml/fme" targetNamespace="http://www.safe.com/gml/fme" elementFormDefault="qualified">
3 <import namespace="http://www.opengis.net/gml" schemaLocation="E:\XML\GML\03-105r1_GML_3.1.1\GML-3.1.1\base\feature.xsd"/>
4 <import namespace="http://www.opengis.net/gml" schemaLocation="E:\XML\GML\03-105r1_GML_3.1.1\GML-3.1.1\base\geometryAggregates.xsd"/>
5 <element name="railway" type="fme:railwayType" substitutionGroup="gml:_Feature"/>
6 <complexType name="railwayType">
7 <complexContent>
8 <extension base="gml:AbstractFeatureType">
9 <sequence>
10 <element name="OBJECTID" type="integer" minOccurs="0"/>
11 <element name="Id" type="integer" minOccurs="0"/>
12 <element name="name" minOccurs="0">
13 <simpleType>
14 <restriction base="string">
15 <maxLength value="10"/>
16 </restriction>
17 </simpleType>
18 </element>
19 <element name="Shape_Length" type="double" minOccurs="0"/>
20 <element ref="gml:curveProperty" minOccurs="0"/>
21 <element ref="gml:multiCurveProperty" minOccurs="0"/>
22 </sequence>
23 </extension>
24 </complexContent>
25 </complexType>
26 </schema>
27
railway.xslt
1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2 <xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" xmlns:gml="http://www.opengis.net/gml" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
3 <xsl:output method="xml" version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" indent="yes"/>
4 <xsl:preserve-space elements="*"/>
5 <xsl:template match="/">
6 <xsl:element name="svg">
7 <xsl:attribute name="width">800</xsl:attribute>
8 <xsl:attribute name="height">600</xsl:attribute>
9 <xsl:apply-templates select="//gml:coordinates"/>
10 </xsl:element>
11 </xsl:template>
12 <xsl:template name="transform-x">
13 <xsl:param name="coordinate-pair"/>
14 <xsl:param name="x-offset" select="38497864"/>
15 <xsl:param name="scale" select="156900"/>
16 <xsl:value-of select="(substring-before($coordinate-pair,',') - $x-offset) * 3780 div $scale"/>
17 </xsl:template>
18 <xsl:template name="transform-y">
19 <xsl:param name="coordinate-pair"/>
20 <xsl:param name="y-offset" select="3996815"/>
21 <xsl:param name="scale" select="156900"/>
22 <xsl:value-of select="(substring-after($coordinate-pair,',') - $y-offset) * -3780 div $scale + 600"/>
23 </xsl:template>
24
25 <xsl:template match="gml:coordinates">
26 <xsl:call-template name="linestring">
27 <xsl:with-param name="list" select="."/>
28 </xsl:call-template>
29 </xsl:template>
30 <xsl:template name="linestring">
31 <xsl:param name="list"/>
32 <xsl:variable name="current" select="substring-before($list,' ')"/>
33 <xsl:variable name="rest" select="substring-after($list,' ')"/>
34 <xsl:variable name="start-x">
35 <xsl:call-template name="transform-x">
36 <xsl:with-param name="coordinate-pair" select="$current"/>
37 </xsl:call-template>
38 </xsl:variable>
39 <xsl:variable name="start-y">
40 <xsl:call-template name="transform-y">
41 <xsl:with-param name="coordinate-pair" select="$current"/>
42 </xsl:call-template>
43 </xsl:variable>
44 <xsl:variable name="start" select="concat( 'M ',$start-x,' ',$start-y)"/>
45 <xsl:variable name="other">
46 <xsl:call-template name="gmlcoords-to-svgpath">
47 <xsl:with-param name="list" select="$rest"/>
48 </xsl:call-template>
49 </xsl:variable>
50 <xsl:element name="path">
51 <xsl:attribute name="d"><xsl:value-of select="concat($start,$other)"/></xsl:attribute>
52 <xsl:attribute name="style">fill:none;stroke:black;stroke-width:1</xsl:attribute>
53 </xsl:element>
54 </xsl:template>
55 <xsl:template name="gmlcoords-to-svgpath">
56 <xsl:param name="list"/>
57 <xsl:variable name="current" select="substring-before($list,' ')"/>
58 <xsl:variable name="rest" select="substring-after($list,' ')"/>
59 <xsl:variable name="x">
60 <xsl:call-template name="transform-x">
61 <xsl:with-param name="coordinate-pair" select="$current"/>
62 </xsl:call-template>
63 </xsl:variable>
64 <xsl:variable name="y">
65 <xsl:call-template name="transform-y">
66 <xsl:with-param name="coordinate-pair" select="$current"/>
67 </xsl:call-template>
68 </xsl:variable>
69 <xsl:choose>
70 <xsl:when test="string-length($rest) > 0">
71 <xsl:variable name="other">
72 <xsl:call-template name="gmlcoords-to-svgpath">
73 <xsl:with-param name="list" select="$rest"/>
74 </xsl:call-template>
75 </xsl:variable>
76 <xsl:value-of select="concat(' L ',$x,' ',$y,$other)"/>
77 </xsl:when>
78 <xsl:otherwise>
79 <xsl:variable name="final-x">
80 <xsl:call-template name="transform-x">
81 <xsl:with-param name="coordinate-pair" select="$list"/>
82 </xsl:call-template>
83 </xsl:variable>
84 <xsl:variable name="final-y">
85 <xsl:call-template name="transform-y">
86 <xsl:with-param name="coordinate-pair" select="$list"/>
87 </xsl:call-template>
88 </xsl:variable>
89 <xsl:value-of select="concat(' L ',$final-x,' ',$final-y)"/>
90 </xsl:otherwise>
91 </xsl:choose>
92 </xsl:template>
93 </xsl:stylesheet>
94
railway.svg
1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2 <svg width="800" height="600">
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用snowflakesoft读取的railway.xml图：
生成的svg图：
参考书：《地理标识语言——Geo-Web基础》、《SVG开发实践》
参考代码：gml2svg.xml
