python封装MongoDB的使用

import pymongo
import logging
import datetime
import sys



#日志环境配置
logging.basicConfig(format='%(asctime)s | %(pathname)s | line:%(lineno)d | %(levelname)s | %(message)s',
                    level=logging.DEBUG, filemode='a',
                    filename='D:\\IVLogs\\' + datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%Y%m%d') + '_PY.log')
rf_handler = logging.StreamHandler(sys.stderr)
rf_handler.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
rf_handler.setFormatter(logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s | %(pathname)s | line:%(lineno)d | %(levelname)s | %(message)s'))
logging.getLogger().addHandler(rf_handler)



class mongoDB_Operation:
    """
    函数功能：初始化加载参数
    """
    def __init__(self,database,datatable):
        self.myclient = pymongo.MongoClient('mongodb://localhost:27017/')
        self.database = database
        self.mybd = self.myclient[database]
        self.mycol = self.mybd[datatable]
    
    """检查数据库是否存在"""
    def checkDataBase(self):
        dblist = self.myclient.list_database_names()
        if self.database in dblist:
            logging.info("数据库：%s 存在"%self.database)
            self.isCheckOK = 1
        else:
            logging.info("数据库：%s 不存在"%self.database)
            self.isCheckOK = 0
  
        
    """数据库操作：增（insert）"""

    """函数功能：插入一条数据"""
    def insert_one(self,tupstr):
        try:
            result = self.mycol.insert_one(tupstr)
            logging.info("数据插入成功：%s"%result.inserted_id)
        except Exception as e:
            logging.info("执行函数：insert_one失败，错误信息%s"%e)

    """函数功能：插入多条数据"""
    def insert_many(self,listStr):
        try:
            result = self.mycol.insert_many(listStr)
            logging.info("数据插入成功:%s"%result.inserted_ids)
        except Exception as e:
            logging.info("执行函数：insert_many失败，错误信息：%s"%e)

    
    """数据库操作;查找（find)"""

    """函数功能：查找表中第一条元素"""
    def find_one(self):
        try:
            self.checkDataBase()
            if self.isCheckOK ==0:
                logging.info("当前数据库不存在，无法执行查询操作")
                return
            dit =self.mycol.find_one()
            logging.info("首数据查询成功")
            return dit
        except Exception as e:
            logging.info("执行函数：find_one失败，错误信息：%s"%e)
        
    """函数功能：查找全部数据"""
    def find_all(self):
        try:
            self.checkDataBase()
            if self.isCheckOK == 0:
                logging.info("当前数据库不存在，无法执行查询操作")
                return
            dits = self.mycol.find()
            logging.info("全部数据查询成功")
            return dits
        except Exception as e:
            logging.info("执行函数：find_all失败，错误信息%s"%e)
    
    """函数功能：查询指定字段显示"""
    def find_partShow(self,rules):
        try:
            self.checkDataBase()
            if self.isCheckOK == 0:
                logging.info("当前数据库不存在，无法执行查询操作")
                return
            dits = self.mycol.find({},rules)
            logging.info("按照条件，数据查询成功")
            return dits
        except Exception as e:
            logging.info("执行函数：find_partShow失败，错误信息%s"%e)

    """函数功能: 查询指定的字段"""
    def find_rules(self,rules):
        try:
            self.checkDataBase()
            if self.isCheckOK == 0:
                logging.info("当前数据库不存在，无法执行查询操作")
                return
            dits = self.mycol.find(rules)
            logging.info("按照条件，数据查询成功")
            return dits
        except Exception as e:
            logging.info("执行函数：find_rules失败，错误信息%s"%e)

    """函数功能：按照查询的条数返回数据"""
    def find_limit(self,num):
        try:
            self.checkDataBase()
            if self.isCheckOK == 0:
                logging.info("当前数据库不存在，无法执行查询操作")
                return
            dits = self.mycol.find().limit(num)
            logging.info("按照行数查询数据成功")
            return dits
        except Exception as e:
            logging.info("执行函数：find_limit失败，错误信息%s"%e)


    """数据库操作：修改（update)"""
    
    """函数功能：仅仅修改匹配条件的第一条数据"""
    def update_one(self,rules,newValue):
        try:
            self.checkDataBase()
            if self.isCheckOK == 0:
                logging.info("当前数据库不存在，无法执行查询操作")
                return
            self.mycol.update_one(rules,newValue)
            logging.info("首条匹配数据修改成功")
        except Exception as e:
            logging.info("执行函数：updata_one失败，错误信息%s"%e)
    
    """函数功能：按照条件返回所有满足条件的数据"""
    def update_many(self,rules,newValue):
        try:
            self.checkDataBase()
            if self.isCheckOK == 0:
                logging.info("当前数据库不存在，无法执行查询操作")
                return
            dits = self.mycol.update_one(rules,newValue)
            return dits
        except Exception as e:
            logging.info("")

    
    """数据库操作：排序"""
    def sort(self,key,order=1):
        try:
            self.checkDataBase()
            if self.isCheckOK == 0:
                logging.info("当前数据库不存在，无法执行查询操作")
                return
            
            mydoc = self.mycol.find().sort(key,order)
            return mydoc
        except Exception as e:
            logging.info("执行函数：sort 失败:错误信息%s"%e)
    
    """数据库操作：删除delete"""

    """函数功能：删除单条数据"""
    def delete_one(self,rule):
        try:
            self.checkDataBase()
            if self.isCheckOK == 0:
                logging.info("当前数据库不存在，无法执行查询操作")
                return
            
            self.mycol.delete_one(rule)
            logging.info("单条数据删除成功")
        except Exception as e:
            logging.info("执行函数delete_one失败，错误信息%s"%e)
    
    """删除多条数据"""
    def delete_many(self,rules):
        try:
            self.checkDataBase()
            if self.isCheckOK == 0:
                logging.info("当前数据库不存在，无法执行查询操作")
                return
            
            self.mycol.delete_many(rules)
            logging.info("数据删除成功")
        except Exception as e:
            logging.info("执行函数delete_many失败，错误信息%s"%e)
     
    """删除所有数据"""
    def delete_all(self):
        try:
            self.checkDataBase()
            if self.isCheckOK == 0:
                logging.info("当前数据库不存在，无法执行删除操作")
                return
            
            self.mycol.delete_many({})
            logging.info("全部数据删除成功")
        except Exception as e:
            logging.info("执行函数delete_all失败，错误信息%s"%e)
    
    """删除表"""
    def drop(self):
        try:
            self.checkDataBase()
            if self.isCheckOK == 0:
                logging.info("当前数据库不存在，无法执行删除表操作")
                return
            
            self.mycol.drop()
            logging.info("表删除成功")
        except Exception as e:
            logging.info("执行函数drop失败，错误信息%s"%e)

#测试用例
def testInsert():
    database ="runoobdb"  #数据库
    datatable ="sitesTest"   #数据表
    db = mongoDB_Operation(database,datatable)

    #测试单条数据
    mydict = { "name": "RUNOOB", "alexa": "10000", "url": "https://www.runoob.com" }
    db.insert_one(mydict)
    
    #测试多条数据
    mylist = [
      { "_id": 1, "name": "RUNOOB", "cn_name": "菜鸟教程"},
      { "_id": 2, "name": "Google", "address": "Google 搜索"},
      { "_id": 3, "name": "Facebook", "address": "脸书"},
      { "_id": 4, "name": "Taobao", "address": "淘宝"},
      { "_id": 5, "name": "Zhihu", "address": "知乎"}
    ]
    db.insert_many(mylist)

def testFind():
    database ="runoobdb"  #数据库
    datatable ="sitesTest"   #数据表
    db = mongoDB_Operation(database,datatable)
    #查找单条数据
    x=db.find_one()
    print(x)

    #查找全部数据
    x1=db.find_all()
    for data in x1:
        print(data)
    
    #按照规则查询
    myqurey1= {'_id':0,'name':1,'address':1}
    x2 = db.find_partShow(myqurey1)
    for data in x2:
        print(data)
    #仅显示一条数据
    myqurey2={'name':1}
    x3 = db.find_partShow(myqurey2)
    for data in x3:
        print(data)

    
    #高级查询
    myqurey3 ={"name":{"$gt":"H"}} #查询首字符大于H的数据
    x4 = db.find_rules(myqurey3)
    for data in x4:
        print(data)
    
    #按照指定数据显示
    myqurey4={"name":"Taobao"}
    x5 = db.find_rules(myqurey4)
    for data in x5:
        print(data)

    #正则表达式查询
    myqurey5 = {"name":{"$regex":"R"}} #查询首字母为R的数据
    x6 = db.find_rules(myqurey5)
    for data in x6:
        print(data)

    #查询指定的数据量
    x7 = db.find_limit(10)
    for data in x7:
        print(data)

def testUpdate():
    database ="runoobdb"  #数据库
    datatable ="sitesTest"   #数据表
    db = mongoDB_Operation(database,datatable)

    #仅修改匹配到的第一条数据
    myquery ={"name":"RUNOOB"}
    newValue = {"$set":{"name":"kangxin"}}  #修改对应的字段名
    db.update_one(myquery,newValue)
    for data in db.find_all():
        print(data)
    
    #条件查找
    myquery1 = {"name":{"$regex":"^G"}}
    newValue1 = {"$set":{"address":"王丽霞"}}
    db.update_many(myquery1,newValue1)
    for x in db.find_all():
        print(x)

def sort():
    database ="runoobdb"  #数据库
    datatable ="sitesTest"   #数据表
    db = mongoDB_Operation(database,datatable)

    mydoc= db.sort("_id",-1) #默认正序，-1为逆序
    for data in mydoc:
        print(data)

def delete():
    database ="runoobdb"  #数据库
    datatable ="sitesTest"   #数据表
    db = mongoDB_Operation(database,datatable)

    #删除单条数据
    myquery = {"name":"kangxin"}
    #db.delete_one(myquery)
    for x in db.find_all():
        print(x)
    
    #删除多条数据
    myquery1 = {"name":{"$regex":"Z"}} #数据中存在Z的name项
    db.delete_many(myquery1)
    for x in db.find_all():
        print(x)
    
    #删除所有数据
    db.delete_all()
    for x in db.find_all():
        print(x)

    #删除表
    db.drop()

    db.checkDataBase()