python我的一个爬虫和测试

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一、

使用request库的get()函数访问360搜索网页20次并且打印返回状态，text内容,计算text()属性和content()属性所返回网页内容的长度。

对360搜索主页进行爬虫：

利用request库的get函数访问google 20次，输入代码为：

import requests
wan="https://www.so.com/"
def pac(wan):
    print("第",i+1,"次访问")
    r=requests.get(wan,timeout=30)
    r.raise_for_status()
    print("text编码方式为",r.encoding)
    print("网络状态码为:",r.status_code)
    print("text属性:",r.text)
    print("content属性:",r.content)
    return r.text
for i in range(20):
    print(pac(wan))

由于结果太长，这里将代码改为打印text属性和content属性的长度后展示最后一次访问的结果，代码改动：

print("text属性长度:",len(r.text))
print("content属性长度:",len(r.content))

第 20 次访问
text编码方式为 ISO-8859-1
网络状态码为: 200
text属性长度: 5294
content属性长度: 5294
<!DOCTYPE html><html class="w3c"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><title>360æç´¢</title><link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//s0.qhimg.com"><link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//s1.qhimg.com"><link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//p0.qhimg.com"><link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//p1.qhimg.com">
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<style type="text/css">html,body{height:100%}html,body,form,input,span,p,img,ul,ol,li,dl,dt,dd{margin:0;padding:0;border:0}ul,ol{list-style:none}body{background:#fff;font:12px/1.5 arial,sans-serif;text-align:center}a{text-decoration:none}a:hover{text-decoration:underline}.page-wrap{position:relative;min-height:100%;_height:100%}#main{width:700px;margin:0 auto;padding:100px 0}#logo{margin:0 auto 55px;position:relative;left:-10px}#logo div{width:203px;height:72px;background-image:url(http://p0.qhimg.com/t01cbf97e6893738583.png);background-image:-webkit-image-set(url(http://p1.qhimg.com/t01cbf97e6893738583.png) 1x,url(http://p0.qhimg.com/t015dc0adab50c8e912.png) 2x);margin:0 auto}#so-nav-tabs{font-size:14px;text-align:left;padding-left:75px;position:relative;z-index:999}#so-nav-tabs a,#so-nav-tabs strong{height:31px;line-height:31px;display:inline-block;margin-right:18px;*margin-right:15px;color:#666}#so-nav-tabs a:hover{color:#3eaf0e;text-decoration:none}#so-nav-tabs strong{color:#3eaf0e}#search-box{padding-left:40px;text-align:left}#input-container{width:500px;height:36px;display:inline-block;border:1px solid #bbb;box-shadow:0 2px 1px #f0f0f0;position:relative;z-index:1}#suggest-align{height:32px;position:relative}#input{width:485px;height:22px;margin:7px 0 5px 8px;outline:0;background:#fff;font-size:16px;line-height:22px;vertical-align:top}#search-button{width:100px;height:38px;_height:40px;display:inline-block;margin-left:5px;outline:0;border:1px solid #3eaf0e;*border:0;box-shadow:0 1px 1px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);-webkit-box-shadow:0 1px 1px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);-moz-box-shadow:0 1px 1px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);background:url(http://p1.qhimg.com/d/_onebox/btn-98-114.png) no-repeat #3eaf0e;color:#fff;font:bold 16px arial,sans-serif;vertical-align:top;cursor:pointer}#search-button.hover{border:1px solid #4bbe11;*border:0;background-position:0 -38px}#search-button.mousedown{border:1px solid #4bbe11;*border:0;background-position:0 -76px}#footer{width:100%;height:36px;line-height:36px;text-align:left;color:#eaeaea;position:absolute;left:0;bottom:0}#footer p{margin:0 20px}#footer a{color:#959595;margin:0 5px 0 3px}#footer span{float:right;font-style:normal;color:#959595}</style>
</head>

<body>
<div class="page-wrap">
    <div id="main">
        <div id="logo"><div></div></div>
        <div id="so-nav-tabs">
            <a href="http://sh.qihoo.com/?src=tab_web">æ°é»</a>
            <strong>ç½é¡µ</strong>
            <a href="http://wenda.so.com/?src=tab_web">é®ç</a>
            <a href="http://video.so.com/?src=tab_web">è§é¢</a>
            <a href="http://image.so.com/?src=tab_web">å¾ç</a>
            <a href="http://music.so.com/?src=tab_web">é³ä¹</a>
            <a href="http://map.so.com/?src=tab_web">å°å¾</a>
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            <a href="http://ly.so.com/?src=tab_web">è¯å»</a>
        </div>
        <div id="search-box">
            <form action="/s">
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                    <input type="hidden" name="ie" value="utf-8">
                    <input type="hidden" name="shb" value="1">
                    <input type="hidden" name="src" id="from" value="noscript_home">
                    <div id="suggest-align">
                        <input type="text" name="q" id="input" suggestWidth="501px" autocomplete="off" x-webkit-speech><cite id="suggest-tp"></cite>
                    </div>
                    <div id="sug-arrow"><span id="sug-new"></span></div>
                </span><input type="submit" id="search-button" value="æä¸ä¸">
            </form>
        </div>
    </div>
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            <span>Copyright © 360.CN  äº¬ICPå¤08010314å·-19  äº¬å
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</div>
<img src="//s.qhupdate.com/so/click.gif?pro=so&pid=home&mod=noscriptpage" style="display:none">
</body>
</html>

二、

这是一个简单的html页面，请保持为字符串，完成后面的计算要求。

a.打印head标签内容和你的学号后两位

b 获取body标签内容

c 获取id为first的标签对象

d 获取并打印html页面中的中文字符

html为:

 1 <!DOCTYPE html>
 2 
 3 <html>
 4 
 5 <head>
 6 
 7 <meta charset="utf-8">
 8 
 9 <title>菜鸟教程（runoob.com)</title>
10 
11 </head>
12 
13 <body>
14 
15          <hl>我的第一个标题学号25</hl>
16 
17          <p id="first">我的第一个段落。</p>
18 
19 </body>
20 
21                   <table border="1">
22 
23           <tr>
24 
25                   <td>row 1, cell 1</td>
26 
27                   <td>row 1, cell 2</td>
28 
29          </tr>
30 
31          <tr>
32 
33                   <td>row 2, cell 1</td>
34 
35                   <td>row 2, cell 2</td>
36 
37          <tr>
38 
39 </table>
40 
41 </html>

菜鸟教程运行结果：

运行结果：

三、爬中国大学排名网站内容（http://www.zuihaodaxue.cn/zuihaodaxuepaiming2018.html）

把爬取的数据，存为csv文件。

代码：

import csv
import os
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
allUniv = []
def getHTMLText(url):
    try:
        r = requests.get(url, timeout=30)
        r.raise_for_status()
        r.encoding ='utf-8'
        return r.text
    except:
        return ""
def fillUnivList(soup):
    data = soup.find_all('tr')
    for tr in data:
        ltd = tr.find_all('td')
        if len(ltd)==0:
            continue
        singleUniv = []
        for td in ltd:
            singleUniv.append(td.string)
        allUniv.append(singleUniv)
def writercsv(save_road,num,title):
    if os.path.isfile(save_road):
        with open(save_road,'a',newline='')as f:
            csv_write=csv.writer(f,dialect='excel')
            for i in range(num):
                u=allUniv[i]
                csv_write.writerow(u)
    else:
        with open(save_road,'w',newline='')as f:
            csv_write=csv.writer(f,dialect='excel')
            csv_write.writerow(title)
            for i in range(num):
                u=allUniv[i]
                csv_write.writerow(u)
title=["排名","学校名称","省市","总分","生源质量","培养结果","科研规模",
       "科研质量","顶尖成果","顶尖人才","科技服务","产学研究合作","成果转化","学生国际化"]
save_road="D:\\pm.csv"
def main():
    url = 'http://www.zuihaodaxue.com/zuihaodaxuepaiming2018.html'
    html = getHTMLText(url)
    soup = BeautifulSoup(html, "html.parser")
    fillUnivList(soup)
    writercsv(save_road,20,title)
main()
结果：

posted on 2020-05-14 10:30 幻锁阅读(1835) 评论(1) 编辑收藏举报

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