Swift - 判断设备类型开发兼容的iOS应用（iPad使用分隔视图控制器）

1，分割视图控制器（UISplitViewController）

在iPhone应用中，使用导航控制器由上一层界面进入下一层界面。

但iPad屏幕较大，通常使用SplitViewController来实现导航（这个是iPad专用的视图控制器）。在横屏下，左侧显示一个 导航列表，点击后右边显示对应的详情。竖屏情况下显示方式会有所不同，默认只显示详细面板，原来左侧的导航列表会通过浮动窗口隐藏，需要从边缘向内拖动来 显示。

2，开发兼容的iOS应用

有时候需要开发兼容iPhone、iPod、iPad的应用，这时候需要判断设备类型，如果是iPhone、iPod就不应该使用 SplitViewController。另外处理方式也会有变化，如点击列表项时，在iPad直接在右侧展示详情，而iPhone却需要导航到详细页。

iOS提供了UIDevice类来判断设备的类型，其userInterfaceIdiom属性返回设备类型枚举

3，样例效果图

  iPhone：

     

  iPad：（注：iPad要旋转成横屏，竖屏下一片空白）

   

4，样例代码
--- AppDelegate.swift 应用入口 ---

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import UIKit   @UIApplicationMain class AppDelegate: UIResponder, UIApplicationDelegate {                                   var window: UIWindow?       func application(application: UIApplication,         didFinishLaunchingWithOptions launchOptions: [NSObject : AnyObject]?) -> Bool {         self.window = UIWindow(frame: UIScreen.mainScreen().bounds)         // Override point for customization after application launch.         self.window!.backgroundColor = UIColor.whiteColor()         self.window!.makeKeyAndVisible()                   //初始化列表面板         let master = MasterViewController()         //初始化详情面板         let detail = DetailViewController()         //设置列表面板引用详情面板，以便用户点击列表项时调用详情面板的相应方法         master.detailViewController = detail         //用导航包装master列表，显示导航条，如果是分割面板也不影响功能         let nav = UINavigationController(rootViewController: master)         // 如果是iPhone或iPod则只显示列表页，如果是iPad则显示分割面板         if (UIDevice.currentDevice().userInterfaceIdiom == .Phone) {             self.window!.rootViewController = nav         }         else {             //初始化分割面板             let split = UISplitViewController()             //设置分割面板的2个视图控制器             split.viewControllers = [nav, detail]                       //分割面板作为window的主视图加载             self.window!.rootViewController = split         }                   return true     }       func applicationWillResignActive(application: UIApplication) {     }       func applicationDidEnterBackground(application: UIApplication) {     }       func applicationWillEnterForeground(application: UIApplication) {     }       func applicationDidBecomeActive(application: UIApplication) {     }       func applicationWillTerminate(application: UIApplication) {     } }

--- MasterViewController.swift 列表页 ---

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import UIKit   class MasterViewController: UIViewController, UITableViewDelegate, UITableViewDataSource {           // 表格加载     var tableView:UITableView?     // 控件类型     var ctrls = ["UILabel", "UIButton", "UIImageView", "UISlider"]     //     var detailViewController:DetailViewController?           override func viewDidLoad() {         super.viewDidLoad()         // Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.                   self.title = "Swift控件演示"         self.tableView = UITableView(frame:self.view.frame, style:UITableViewStyle.Plain)         self.tableView!.delegate = self         self.tableView!.dataSource = self         self.tableView!.registerClass(UITableViewCell.self, forCellReuseIdentifier: "SwiftCell")         self.view.addSubview(self.tableView!)     }           override func didReceiveMemoryWarning() {         super.didReceiveMemoryWarning()         // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.     }           // UITableViewDataSource协议方法     func tableView(tableView: UITableView, numberOfRowsInSection section: Int) -> Int     {         return self.ctrls.count     }           // UITableViewDataSource协议方法     func tableView(tableView: UITableView, cellForRowAtIndexPath indexPath: NSIndexPath)         -> UITableViewCell     {         let cell = tableView.dequeueReusableCellWithIdentifier("SwiftCell",             forIndexPath: indexPath) as! UITableViewCell         cell.accessoryType = UITableViewCellAccessoryType.DisclosureIndicator         cell.textLabel?.text = self.ctrls[indexPath.row]                   return cell     }           // UITableViewDelegate协议方法，点击时调用     func tableView(tableView: UITableView, didSelectRowAtIndexPath indexPath: NSIndexPath)     {         //调用DetailViewController的方法更新详细页         detailViewController!.loadControl(self.ctrls[indexPath.row])                   //如果是iPhone、iPod则导航到详情页         if (UIDevice.currentDevice().userInterfaceIdiom == .Phone) {             // 跳转到detailViewController，取消选中状态             //self.tableView!.deselectRowAtIndexPath(indexPath, animated: true)                       // navigationController跳转到detailViewController             self.navigationController!.pushViewController(detailViewController!, animated:true)         }     } }

--- DetailViewController.swift 详情页 ---

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import UIKit   class DetailViewController: UIViewController {           override func viewDidLoad() {         super.viewDidLoad()         // Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.                   self.view.backgroundColor = UIColor.whiteColor()         let ctrl = self.title != nil ? self.title! : ""         loadControl(ctrl)     }           override func didReceiveMemoryWarning() {         super.didReceiveMemoryWarning()         // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.     }           func loadControl(ctrl:String) {         clearViews()         switch (ctrl) {         case "UILabel":             var label = UILabel(frame: self.view.bounds)             label.backgroundColor = UIColor.clearColor()             label.textAlignment = NSTextAlignment.Center             label.font = UIFont.systemFontOfSize(36)             label.text = "Hello, Hangge.com"             self.view.addSubview(label)         case "UIButton":             var button = UIButton(frame: CGRectMake(110,120,100,60))             button.backgroundColor = UIColor.blueColor()             button.setTitleColor(UIColor.redColor(), forState: UIControlState.Normal)             button.setTitleColor(UIColor.whiteColor(), forState: UIControlState.Highlighted)             button.setTitle("点击我", forState: .Normal)             self.view.addSubview(button)         default:             println("clicked: \(ctrl)")         }     }           func clearViews() {         for v in self.view.subviews {             v.removeFromSuperview()         }     }    }

（注意：项目直接新建一个Master-Detail Application，就已经具有同上述一样的兼容iPhone、iPad的二级导航功能）