spring+spring mvc+JdbcTemplate 入门小例子
大家使用这个入门时候 最好能够去 搜一下 spring mvc 的 原理，我放一张图到这里，自己琢磨下，后面去学习就容易了
给个链接 (网上一把，千万不能懒) https://www.cnblogs.com/chuiyuan/p/5301216.html
步骤： 1.发起请求到前端控制器(DispatcherServlet) 2.前端控制器请求处理器映射器(HandlerMapping)查找Handler(可根据xml配置、注解进行查找) 3.处理器映射器(HandlerMapping)向前端控制器返回Handler 4.前端控制器调用处理器适配器(HandlerAdapter)执行Handler 5.处理器适配器(HandlerAdapter)去执行Handler 6.Handler执行完，给适配器返回ModelAndView(Springmvc框架的一个底层对象) 7.处理器适配器(HandlerAdapter)向前端控制器返回ModelAndView 8.前端控制器(DispatcherServlet)请求视图解析器(ViewResolver)进行视图解析，根据逻辑视图名解析成真正的视图(jsp) 9.视图解析器(ViewResolver)向前端控制器(DispatcherServlet)返回View 10.前端控制器进行视图渲染，即将模型数据(在ModelAndView对象中)填充到request域 11.前端控制器向用户响应结果
废话不多说，下面直接开撸！ talk is cheap! show me the code!
DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS sampledb; CREATE DATABASE sampledb DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8; USE sampledb; ##创建用户表 CREATE TABLE t_user ( user_id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY, user_name VARCHAR(30), password VARCHAR(32), credits INT, last_visit datetime, last_ip VARCHAR(23) )ENGINE=InnoDB; ##创建用户登录日志表 CREATE TABLE t_login_log ( login_log_id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY, user_id INT, ip VARCHAR(23), login_datetime datetime )ENGINE=InnoDB; ##插入初始化数据 INSERT INTO t_user (user_name,password) VALUES('admin','123456'); COMMIT;
1、配置 pom.xml 添加项目需要的依赖包等。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.ghc</groupId> <artifactId>smart</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>war</packaging> <name>smart Maven Webapp</name> <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website --> <url>http://www.example.com</url> <properties> <file.encoding>UTF-8</file.encoding> <spring.version>4.2.2.RELEASE</spring.version> <mysql.version>5.1.29</mysql.version> <servlet.version>3.0-alpha-1</servlet.version> <aspectj.version>1.8.1</aspectj.version> <commons-codec.version>1.9</commons-codec.version> <commons-dbcp.version>1.4</commons-dbcp.version> <hibernate.validator.version>5.0.2.Final</hibernate.validator.version> <jetty.version>8.1.8.v20121106</jetty.version> <slf4j.version>1.7.5</slf4j.version> <testng.version>6.8.7</testng.version> <maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source> <maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.11</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <!-- spring 依赖--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId> <artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId> <version>${commons-dbcp.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>${mysql.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId> <version>${servlet.version}</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId> <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId> <version>${aspectj.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.testng</groupId> <artifactId>testng</artifactId> <version>${testng.version}</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/jstl/jstl --> <dependency> <groupId>jstl</groupId> <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> <version>1.1.2</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <!-- jetty插件 --> <plugin> <groupId>org.mortbay.jetty</groupId> <artifactId>maven-jetty-plugin</artifactId> <version>6.1.25</version> <configuration> <connectors> <connector implementation="org.mortbay.jetty.nio.SelectChannelConnector"> <port>8000</port> <maxIdleTime>60000</maxIdleTime> </connector> </connectors> <contextPath>/bbs</contextPath> <scanIntervalSeconds>0</scanIntervalSeconds> </configuration> </plugin> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.17</version> <configuration> <parallel>methods</parallel> <threadCount>10</threadCount> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
2、配置 web.xml 主要是 配置 spring 容器(spring-context.xml)的 配置信息 以及 spring mvc 核心前端控制器 DispatcherServlet 的信息
<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN" "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" > <web-app> <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name> <!--添加 spring 容器监听器--> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:/spring-context.xml</param-value> </context-param> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <!--添加springmvc前端控制器或者说中央控制器--> <servlet> <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:/springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> <url-pattern>*.html</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app>
3、配置 spring-context.xml ，配置 spring 容器 (基石)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd"> <!-- 扫描类包，将标注Spring注解的类自动转化Bean，同时完成Bean的注入 --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.ghc.dao"/> <context:component-scan base-package="com.ghc.service"/> <!-- 配置数据源 --> <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close" p:driverClassName="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" p:url="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/sampledb" p:username="root" p:password="Mede645" /> <!-- 配置Jdbc模板 --> <bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate" p:dataSource-ref="dataSource" /> <!-- 配置事务管理器 --> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager" p:dataSource-ref="dataSource" /> <!-- 通过AOP配置提供事务增强，让service包下所有Bean的所有方法拥有事务 --> <aop:config proxy-target-class="true"> <aop:pointcut id="serviceMethod" expression="(execution(* com.ghc.service..*(..))) and (@annotation(org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional))" /> <aop:advisor pointcut-ref="serviceMethod" advice-ref="txAdvice" /> </aop:config> <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager"> <tx:attributes> <tx:method name="*" /> </tx:attributes> </tx:advice> </beans>
4、配置 springmvc-Servlet.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd"> <!--配置组件扫描 应用 sprnig 注解--> <context:component-scan base-package="com.ghc.web"/> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" p:viewClass="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" p:prefix="/WEB-INF/jsp/" p:suffix=".jsp" /> </beans>
5、mvc 各层代码 由于 我认为的 controller 层 在于 DispatcherServlet(转发控制器) 就已经完成了，所以 后面不会单独说 controller， 后端controller 实际上是 handler
model 层
domain 对象：com.ghc.domain 包下
具体代码 User：
package com.ghc.domain; import java.io.Serializable; import java.util.Date; public class User implements Serializable { private int userId; private String userName; private int credits; private String password; private Date lastVisit; private String lastIp; public int getUserId() { return userId; } public void setUserId(int userId) { this.userId = userId; } public String getUserName() { return userName; } public void setUserName(String userName) { this.userName = userName; } public int getCredits() { return credits; } public void setCredits(int credits) { this.credits = credits; } public String getPassword() { return password; } public void setPassword(String password) { this.password = password; } public Date getLastVisit() { return lastVisit; } public void setLastVisit(Date lastVisit) { this.lastVisit = lastVisit; } public String getLastIp() { return lastIp; } public void setLastIp(String lastIp) { this.lastIp = lastIp; } }
package com.ghc.domain; import java.io.Serializable; import java.util.Date; public class LoginLog implements Serializable { private int loginLogId; private int userId; private String ip; private Date loginDate; public int getLoginLogId() { return loginLogId; } public void setLoginLogId(int loginLogId) { this.loginLogId = loginLogId; } public int getUserId() { return userId; } public void setUserId(int userId) { this.userId = userId; } public String getIp() { return ip; } public void setIp(String ip) { this.ip = ip; } public Date getLoginDate() { return loginDate; } public void setLoginDate(Date loginDate) { this.loginDate = loginDate; } }
model 的 dao 层：
package com.ghc.dao; import com.ghc.domain.User; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate; import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowCallbackHandler; import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository; import java.sql.ResultSet; import java.sql.SQLException; @Repository public class UserDao { private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate; @Autowired public void setJdbcTemplate(JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate){ this.jdbcTemplate=jdbcTemplate; } public final String MATCH_COUNT_SQL=" SELECT COUNT(*) FROM t_user WHERE user_name=? and password=? "; public int hasMatchCount(String userName,String password){ return jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(MATCH_COUNT_SQL,new Object[]{userName,password},Integer.class); } public final String UPDATE_LOG_SQL = " UPDATE t_user SET credits =?,last_visit=? ,last_ip=? "; public void updateLogInfo(User user){ jdbcTemplate.update(UPDATE_LOG_SQL,new Object[]{user.getCredits(),user.getLastVisit(),user.getLastIp()}); } public User findUserByName(final String userName){ final User user = new User(); final String FIND_USER_SQL = " SELECT user_name,credits " + " FROM t_user WHERE user_name =? "; jdbcTemplate.query(FIND_USER_SQL, new Object[]{userName},new RowCallbackHandler() { @Override public void processRow(ResultSet rs) throws SQLException { user.setUserName(rs.getString("user_name")); user.setCredits(rs.getInt("credits")); } }); return user; } }
package com.ghc.dao; import com.ghc.domain.LoginLog; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate; import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository; @Repository public class LoginLogDao { private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate; @Autowired public void setJdbcTemplate(JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate){ this.jdbcTemplate=jdbcTemplate; } public final String UPDATE_LOG_SQL = " INSERT INTO t_login_log (user_id,ip,login_datetime) VALUES (?,?,?)"; public void updateLog(LoginLog loginLog){ jdbcTemplate.update(UPDATE_LOG_SQL,new Object[]{loginLog.getUserId(),loginLog.getIp(),loginLog.getLoginDate()}); } }
model 的 service 层：
package com.ghc.service; import com.ghc.dao.LoginLogDao; import com.ghc.dao.UserDao; import com.ghc.domain.LoginLog; import com.ghc.domain.User; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional; @Service public class UserService { private UserDao userDao; private LoginLogDao loginLogDao; @Autowired public void setUserDao(UserDao userDao){ this.userDao =userDao; } @Autowired public void setLoginLogDao(LoginLogDao loginLogDao){ this.loginLogDao =loginLogDao; } public int hasMatchCount(String userName,String password){ return userDao.hasMatchCount(userName,password); } public User findUserByName(String userName){ return userDao.findUserByName(userName); } @Transactional public void loginSuccess(User user){ //一旦登录成功则积分+5 user.setCredits(user.getCredits()+5);; //并且保留日志记录 LoginLog loginLog = new LoginLog(); loginLog.setUserId(user.getUserId()); loginLog.setIp(user.getLastIp()); loginLog.setLoginDate(user.getLastVisit()); userDao.updateLogInfo(user); loginLogDao.updateLog(loginLog); } }
view web 层：
package com.ghc.web; public class LoginCommand { private String userName; private String password; public String getUserName() { return userName; } public void setUserName(String userName) { this.userName = userName; } public String getPassword() { return password; } public void setPassword(String password) { this.password = password; } }
package com.ghc.web; import com.ghc.domain.User; import com.ghc.service.UserService; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import java.util.Date; @RestController public class LoginController { private UserService userService; @Autowired public void setUserService(UserService userService){ this.userService = userService; } @RequestMapping(value = "/index.html") public String login(){ return "login"; } @RequestMapping(value = "/loginCheck.html") public ModelAndView loginCheck(HttpServletRequest request, LoginCommand loginCommand){ boolean isValid = userService.hasMatchCount(loginCommand.getUserName(),loginCommand.getPassword()) > 0; if(!isValid){ return new ModelAndView("login", "error", "用户名或密码错误。"); } else { User user = userService.findUserByName(loginCommand.getUserName()); user.setLastIp(request.getLocalAddr()); user.setLastVisit(new Date()); System.out.println("local addr: "+request.getLocalAddr()); //修改日志那些 userService.loginSuccess(user); request.getSession().setAttribute("user",user); return new ModelAndView("main"); } } }
配合 上面 controller 返回 model and view 的 jsp 页面 配置在 /WEB-INF/jsp/下, 这个 前缀， 后缀 都是 配置在 springmvc-servlet 中的，为了方便比照，我也放一张图
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%> <html> <head> <title>小春论坛登录</title> </head> <body> <c:if test="${!empty error}"> <font color="red"><c:out value="${error}" /></font> </c:if> <form action="<c:url value="loginCheck.html"/>" method="post"> 用户名： <input type="text" name="userName"> <br> 密 码： <input type="password" name="password"> <br> <input type="submit" value="登录" /> <input type="reset" value="重置" /> </form> </body> </html>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %> <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"> <title>小春论坛</title> </head> <body> ${user.userName},欢迎您进入小春论坛，您当前积分为${user.credits}; </body> </html>
至此， spring + spring mvc + jdbcTemplate 一个 简单的 登录验证小模块就手动撸完啦！ 启动 maven project 管理栏，找到 如图所示的 jetty 插件就可以跑一个小 demo 啦
打开浏览器 手动 敲入 应用 的 url 地址：
http://localhost:8000/bbs/index.html 就会访问到 登录页面了，解释下 这里的 bbs 是在 pom.xml 中对于 jetty 插件 手动指定的 contexpath， 而 index.html 是 LoginController 中的 @RequestMapping 映射指定的 index 传入 视图解析器(springmvc-servlet.xml 中配置的 上面有图), 然后 定位到 /WEB-INF/jsp/index.jsp 这时候就会发现整个项目串起来了！ 还是要多做！
如果 想让 局域网内的 其他人员访问的话， 可以吧 localhost 替换为 192.168.0.xxx 这种 ip 地址，如果告知不能访问，请自行百度或谷歌关闭防火墙
输入mysql 数据库中定义好的 t_user 用户表里的 用户名，密码 既可以完成登录，这里我不知道 为啥 ， taglib 没有 解析出 request --》 session -》 中携带过来的 uer 对象
所以，你会看到 $ 这种 怪异的 玩意儿，懒得去理了 ，网上说差 jstl 的 包，但是我 添加到pom 里 还是不行，还是以后再来理会吧！
如果有来生，一个人去远行，看不同的风景，感受生命的活力。。。
