1. 查看数据库的版本
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select @@version
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常见的几种SQL SERVER打补丁后的版本号:
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8.00.194 Microsoft SQL Server 2000
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8.00.384 Microsoft SQL Server 2000 SP1
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8.00.532 Microsoft SQL Server 2000 SP2
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
8.00.760 Microsoft SQL Server 2000 SP3
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
8.00.818 Microsoft SQL Server 2000 SP3 w/ Cumulative Patch MS03-031
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8.00.2039 Microsoft SQL Server 2000 SP4
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2. 查看数据库所在机器操作系统参数
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exec master..xp_msver
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3. 查看数据库启动的参数
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sp_configure
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4. 查看数据库启动时间
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select convert(varchar(30),login_time,120) from master..sysprocesses where spid=1
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查看数据库服务器名和实例名
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print 'Server Name
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: ' + convert(varchar(30),@@SERVERNAME)
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print 'Instance
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: ' + convert(varchar(30),@@SERVICENAME)
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5. 查看所有数据库名称及大小
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sp_helpdb
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重命名数据库用的SQL
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sp_renamedb 'old_dbname', 'new_dbname'
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6. 查看所有数据库用户登录信息
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sp_helplogins
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查看所有数据库用户所属的角色信息
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sp_helpsrvrolemember
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修复迁移服务器时孤立用户时,可以用的fix_orphan_user脚本或者LoneUser过程
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更改某个数据对象的用户属主
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sp_changeobjectowner [@objectname =] 'object', [@newowner =] 'owner'
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注意: 更改对象名的任一部分都可能破坏脚本和存储过程。
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把一台服务器上的数据库用户登录信息备份出来可以用add_login_to_aserver脚本
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查看某数据库下,对象级用户权限
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sp_helprotect
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7. 查看链接服务器
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sp_helplinkedsrvlogin
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查看远端数据库用户登录信息
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sp_helpremotelogin
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8.查看某数据库下某个数据对象的大小
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sp_spaceused @objname
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还可以用sp_toptables过程看最大的N(默认为50)个表
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查看某数据库下某个数据对象的索引信息
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sp_helpindex @objname
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还可以用SP_NChelpindex过程查看更详细的索引情况
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SP_NChelpindex @objname
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clustered索引是把记录按物理顺序排列的,索引占的空间比较少。
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对键值DML操作十分频繁的表我建议用非clustered索引和约束,fillfactor参数都用默认值。
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查看某数据库下某个数据对象的的约束信息
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sp_helpconstraint @objname
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9.查看数据库里所有的存储过程和函数
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use @database_name
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sp_stored_procedures
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查看存储过程和函数的源代码
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sp_helptext '@procedure_name'
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查看包含某个字符串@str的数据对象名称
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select distinct object_name(id) from syscomments where text like '%@str%'
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创建加密的存储过程或函数在AS前面加WITH ENCRYPTION参数
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解密加密过的存储过程和函数可以用sp_decrypt过程
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10.查看数据库里用户和进程的信息
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sp_who
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查看SQL Server数据库里的活动用户和进程的信息
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sp_who 'active'
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查看SQL Server数据库里的锁的情况
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sp_lock
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进程号1--50是SQL Server系统内部用的,进程号大于50的才是用户的连接进程.
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spid是进程编号,dbid是数据库编号,objid是数据对象编号
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查看进程正在执行的SQL语句
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dbcc inputbuffer ()
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推荐大家用经过改进后的sp_who3过程可以直接看到进程运行的SQL语句
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sp_who3
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检查死锁用sp_who_lock过程
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sp_who_lock
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11.查看和收缩数据库日志文件的方法
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查看所有数据库日志文件大小
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dbcc sqlperf(logspace)
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如果某些日志文件较大,收缩简单恢复模式数据库日志,收缩后@database_name_log的大小单位为M
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backup log @database_name with no_log
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dbcc shrinkfile (@database_name_log, 5)
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12.分析SQL Server SQL 语句的方法:
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set statistics time {on | off}
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set statistics io {on | off}
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图形方式显示查询执行计划
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在查询分析器->查询->显示估计的评估计划(D)-Ctrl-L 或者点击工具栏里的图形
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文本方式显示查询执行计划
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set showplan_all {on | off}
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set showplan_text { on | off }
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set statistics profile { on | off }
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13.出现不一致错误时,NT事件查看器里出3624号错误,修复数据库的方法
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先注释掉应用程序里引用的出现不一致性错误的表,然后在备份或其它机器上先恢复然后做修复操作
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alter database [@error_database_name] set single_user
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修复出现不一致错误的表
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dbcc checktable('@error_table_name',repair_allow_data_loss)
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或者可惜选择修复出现不一致错误的小型数据库名
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dbcc checkdb('@error_database_name',repair_allow_data_loss)
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alter database [@error_database_name] set multi_user
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CHECKDB 有3个参数:
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![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
repair_allow_data_loss 包括对行和页进行分配和取消分配以改正分配错误、结构行或页的错误,
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
以及删除已损坏的文本对象,这些修复可能会导致一些数据丢失。
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修复操作可以在用户事务下完成以允许用户回滚所做的更改。
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
如果回滚修复,则数据库仍会含有错误,应该从备份进行恢复。
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
如果由于所提供修复等级的缘故遗漏某个错误的修复,则将遗漏任何取决于该修复的修复。
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
修复完成后,请备份数据库。
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
repair_fast 进行小的、不耗时的修复操作,如修复非聚集索引中的附加键。
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
这些修复可以很快完成,并且不会有丢失数据的危险。
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
repair_rebuild 执行由 repair_fast 完成的所有修复,包括需要较长时间的修复(如重建索引)。
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
执行这些修复时不会有丢失数据的危险。
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MS-SQL数据库开发常用汇总 1.按姓氏笔画排序:
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Select * From TableName Order By CustomerName Collate Chinese_PRC_Stroke_ci_as
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2.数据库加密:
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select encrypt('原始密码')
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select pwdencrypt('原始密码')
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select pwdcompare('原始密码','加密后密码') = 1--相同;否则不相同 encrypt('原始密码')
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select pwdencrypt('原始密码')
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select pwdcompare('原始密码','加密后密码') = 1--相同;否则不相同
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
3.取回表中字段:
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declare @list varchar(1000),@sql nvarchar(1000)
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select @list=@list+','+b.name from sysobjects a,syscolumns b where a.id=b.id and a.name='表A'
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set @sql='select '+right(@list,len(@list)-1)+' from 表A'
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exec (@sql)
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4.查看硬盘分区:
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EXEC master..xp_fixeddrives
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5.比较A,B表是否相等:
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if (select checksum_agg(binary_checksum(*)) from A)
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=
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(select checksum_agg(binary_checksum(*)) from B)
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print '相等'
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else
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print '不相等'
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6.杀掉所有的事件探察器进程:
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DECLARE hcforeach CURSOR GLOBAL FOR SELECT 'kill '+RTRIM(spid) FROM master.dbo.sysprocesses
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WHERE program_name IN('SQL profiler',N'SQL 事件探查器')
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EXEC sp_msforeach_worker '?'
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7.记录搜索:
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
开头到N条记录
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
Select Top N * From 表
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
-------------------------------
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N到M条记录(要有主索引ID)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
Select Top M-N * From 表 Where ID in (Select Top M ID From 表) Order by ID Desc
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----------------------------------
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
N到结尾记录
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
Select Top N * From 表 Order by ID Desc
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8.如何修改数据库的名称:
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sp_renamedb 'old_name', 'new_name'
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
9:获取当前数据库中的所有用户表
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select Name from sysobjects where xtype='u' and status>=0
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10:获取某一个表的所有字段
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select name from syscolumns where id=object_id('表名')
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11:查看与某一个表相关的视图、存储过程、函数
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select a.* from sysobjects a, syscomments b where a.id = b.id and b.text like '%表名%'
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12:查看当前数据库中所有存储过程
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select name as 存储过程名称 from sysobjects where xtype='P'
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13:查询用户创建的所有数据库
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select * from master..sysdatabases D where sid not in(select sid from master..syslogins where name='sa')
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或者
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select dbid, name AS DB_NAME from master..sysdatabases where sid <> 0x01
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14:查询某一个表的字段和数据类型
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select column_name,data_type from information_schema.columns
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where table_name = '表名'
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[n].[标题]:
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Select * From TableName Order By CustomerName
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[n].[标题]:
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
快速获取表test的记录总数 :
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select rows from sysindexes where id = object_id('test') and indid in (0,1)
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提取数据库内所有表的字段详细说明的SQL语句 :
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![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
SELECT
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(case when a.colorder=1 then d.name else '' end) N'表名',
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a.colorder N'字段序号',
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a.name N'字段名',
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(case when COLUMNPROPERTY( a.id,a.name,'IsIdentity')=1 then '√'else ''
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end) N'标识',
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(case when (SELECT count(*)
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FROM sysobjects
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
WHERE (name in
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
(SELECT name
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
FROM sysindexes
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
WHERE (id = a.id) AND (indid in
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
(SELECT indid
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
FROM sysindexkeys
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
WHERE (id = a.id) AND (colid in
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
(SELECT colid
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
FROM syscolumns
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
WHERE (id = a.id) AND (name = a.name))))))) AND
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
(xtype = 'PK'))>0 then '√' else '' end) N'主键',
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
b.name N'类型',
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
a.length N'占用字节数',
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
COLUMNPROPERTY(a.id,a.name,'PRECISION') as N'长度',
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
isnull(COLUMNPROPERTY(a.id,a.name,'Scale'),0) as N'小数位数',
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
(case when a.isnullable=1 then '√'else '' end) N'允许空',
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
isnull(e.text,'') N'默认值',
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
isnull(g.[value],'') AS N'字段说明'
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
FROM syscolumns a
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
left join systypes b
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
on a.xtype=b.xusertype
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
inner join sysobjects d
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
on a.id=d.id and d.xtype='U' and d.name<>'dtproperties'
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
left join syscomments e
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
on a.cdefault=e.id
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
left join sysproperties g
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
on a.id=g.id AND a.colid = g.smallid
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
order by object_name(a.id),a.colorder
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
获取表结构[把 'sysobjects' 替换 成 'tablename' 即可]
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
SELECT CASE IsNull(I.name, '')
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
When '' Then ''
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
Else '*'
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
End as IsPK,
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
Object_Name(A.id) as t_name,
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
A.name as c_name,
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
IsNull(SubString(M.text, 1, 254), '') as pbc_init,
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
T.name as F_DataType,
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
CASE IsNull(TYPEPROPERTY(T.name, 'Scale'), '')
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
WHEN '' Then Cast(A.prec as varchar)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
ELSE Cast(A.prec as varchar) + ',' + Cast(A.scale as varchar)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
END as F_Scale,
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
A.isnullable as F_isNullAble
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
FROM Syscolumns as A
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
JOIN Systypes as T
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
ON (A.xType = T.xUserType AND A.Id = Object_id('sysobjects') )
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
LEFT JOIN ( SysIndexes as I
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
JOIN Syscolumns as A1
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
ON ( I.id = A1.id and A1.id = object_id('sysobjects') and (I.status & 0x800) = 0x800 AND A1.colid <= I.keycnt) )
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
ON ( A.id = I.id AND A.name = index_col('sysobjects', I.indid, A1.colid) )
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
LEFT JOIN SysComments as M
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
ON ( M.id = A.cdefault and ObjectProperty(A.cdefault, 'IsConstraint') = 1 )
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
ORDER BY A.Colid ASC
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
四种方法取表里n到m条纪录:
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
1.
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
select top m * into 临时表(或表变量) from tablename order by columnname -- 将top m笔插入
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
set rowcount n
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
select * from 表变量 order by columnname desc
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
2.
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
select top n * from (select top m * from tablename order by columnname) a order by columnname desc
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
3.如果tablename里没有其他identity列,那么:
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
select identity(int) id0,* into #temp from tablename
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
取n到m条的语句为:
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
select * from #temp where id0 >=n and id0 <= m
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
如果你在执行 select identity(int) id0,* into #temp from tablename这条语句的时候报错,那是因为你的DB中间的select into/bulkcopy属性没有打开要先执行:
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
exec sp_dboption 你的DB名字,'select into/bulkcopy',true
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
4.如果表里有identity属性,那么简单:
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
select * from tablename where identitycol between n and m
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
数据库管理常用SQL
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
1. 查看数据库的版本
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
select @@version
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
2. 查看数据库所在机器操作系统参数
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
exec master..xp_msver
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
3. 查看数据库启动的参数
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
sp_configure
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
4. 查看数据库启动时间
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
select convert(varchar(30),login_time,120) from master..sysprocesses where spid=1
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
查看数据库服务器名和实例名
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
print 'Server Name
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/dot.gif)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/dot.gif)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/dot.gif)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/dot.gif)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/dot.gif)
: ' + convert(varchar(30),@@SERVERNAME)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
print 'Instance
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/dot.gif)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/dot.gif)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/dot.gif)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/dot.gif)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/dot.gif)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/dot.gif)
: ' + convert(varchar(30),@@SERVICENAME)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
5. 查看所有数据库名称及大小
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
sp_helpdb
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
重命名数据库用的SQL
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
sp_renamedb 'old_dbname', 'new_dbname'
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
6. 查看所有数据库用户登录信息
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
sp_helplogins
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
查看所有数据库用户所属的角色信息
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
sp_helpsrvrolemember
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
修复迁移服务器时孤立用户时,可以用的fix_orphan_user脚本或者LoneUser过程
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
更改某个数据对象的用户属主
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
sp_changeobjectowner [@objectname =] 'object', [@newowner =] 'owner'
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
注意: 更改对象名的任一部分都可能破坏脚本和存储过程。
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
把一台服务器上的数据库用户登录信息备份出来可以用add_login_to_aserver脚本
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
7. 查看链接服务器
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
sp_helplinkedsrvlogin
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
查看远端数据库用户登录信息
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
sp_helpremotelogin
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
8.查看某数据库下某个数据对象的大小
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
sp_spaceused @objname
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
还可以用sp_toptables过程看最大的N(默认为50)个表
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
查看某数据库下某个数据对象的索引信息
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
sp_helpindex @objname
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
还可以用SP_NChelpindex过程查看更详细的索引情况
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
SP_NChelpindex @objname
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
clustered索引是把记录按物理顺序排列的,索引占的空间比较少。
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
对键值DML操作十分频繁的表我建议用非clustered索引和约束,fillfactor参数都用默认值。
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
查看某数据库下某个数据对象的的约束信息
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
sp_helpconstraint @objname
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
9.查看数据库里所有的存储过程和函数
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
use @database_name
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
sp_stored_procedures
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
查看存储过程和函数的源代码
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
sp_helptext '@procedure_name'
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
查看包含某个字符串@str的数据对象名称
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
select distinct object_name(id) from syscomments where text like '%@str%'
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
创建加密的存储过程或函数在AS前面加WITH ENCRYPTION参数
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
解密加密过的存储过程和函数可以用sp_decrypt过程
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
10.查看数据库里用户和进程的信息
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
sp_who
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
查看SQL Server数据库里的活动用户和进程的信息
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
sp_who 'active'
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
查看SQL Server数据库里的锁的情况
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
sp_lock
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
进程号1--50是SQL Server系统内部用的,进程号大于50的才是用户的连接进程.
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
spid是进程编号,dbid是数据库编号,objid是数据对象编号
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
查看进程正在执行的SQL语句
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
dbcc inputbuffer ()
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
推荐大家用经过改进后的sp_who3过程可以直接看到进程运行的SQL语句
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
sp_who3
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
检查死锁用sp_who_lock过程
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
sp_who_lock
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
11.收缩数据库日志文件的方法
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
收缩简单恢复模式数据库日志,收缩后@database_name_log的大小单位为M
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
backup log @database_name with no_log
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
dbcc shrinkfile (@database_name_log, 5)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
12.分析SQL Server SQL 语句的方法:
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
set statistics time {on | off}
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
set statistics io {on | off}
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
图形方式显示查询执行计划
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
在查询分析器->查询->显示估计的评估计划(D)-Ctrl-L 或者点击工具栏里的图形
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
文本方式显示查询执行计划
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
set showplan_all {on | off}
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
set showplan_text { on | off }
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
set statistics profile { on | off }
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
13.出现不一致错误时,NT事件查看器里出3624号错误,修复数据库的方法
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
先注释掉应用程序里引用的出现不一致性错误的表,然后在备份或其它机器上先恢复然后做修复操作
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
alter database [@error_database_name] set single_user
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
修复出现不一致错误的表
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
dbcc checktable('@error_table_name',repair_allow_data_loss)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
或者可惜选择修复出现不一致错误的小型数据库名
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
dbcc checkdb('@error_database_name',repair_allow_data_loss)
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
alter database [@error_database_name] set multi_user
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
CHECKDB 有3个参数:
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
repair_allow_data_loss 包括对行和页进行分配和取消分配以改正分配错误、结构行或页的错误,
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
以及删除已损坏的文本对象,这些修复可能会导致一些数据丢失。
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
修复操作可以在用户事务下完成以允许用户回滚所做的更改。
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
如果回滚修复,则数据库仍会含有错误,应该从备份进行恢复。
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
如果由于所提供修复等级的缘故遗漏某个错误的修复,则将遗漏任何取决于该修复的修复。
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
修复完成后,请备份数据库。
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
repair_fast 进行小的、不耗时的修复操作,如修复非聚集索引中的附加键。
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
这些修复可以很快完成,并且不会有丢失数据的危险。
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
repair_rebuild 执行由 repair_fast 完成的所有修复,包括需要较长时间的修复(如重建索引)。
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
执行这些修复时不会有丢失数据的危险。
![](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)