.Net Framework1.1中常见加密算法的使用
1 .Net Framework1.1中常见加密算法
加密类（可以从密文中还原出原始信息）
DES，TripleDES，RC2，RC4，Rijndael(AES)
消息摘要类（不能从消息摘要中还原出原始信息，只能用于数据校验）
MD5，SHA1，SHA256，SHA384，SHA512
2 加密知识简介
如果以密钥为标准，可将密码系统分为单钥密码（又称为对称密码或私钥密码）体系和双钥密码（又称为非对称密码或公钥密码）体系。所谓密钥差不多可以理解成密码。
在单钥体制下，加密密钥和解密密钥是一样的，如果加密密钥丢失，信息也就失去了保密性。而在双钥体制下，加密密钥与解密密钥是不同的，此时根本就不需要安全信道来传送密钥，而只需利用本地密钥发生器产生解密密钥即可。
双钥密码是1976年W.Diffie和M.E.Heilinan提出的一种新型密码体制。由于双钥密码体制的加密和解密不同，且能公开加密密钥，而仅需保密解密密钥，所以双钥密码不存在密钥管理问题。双钥密码还有一个优点是可以拥有数字签名等新功能。最有名的双钥密码体系是1977年由Rivest，Shamir和Ad1eman人提出的RSA密码体制。双钥密码的缺点是：双钥密码算法一般比较复杂，加解密速度慢。
因此，网络中的加密普遍采用双钥和单钥密码相结合的混合加密体制，即加解密时采用单钥密码，密钥传送则采用双钥密码。这样既解决了密钥管理的困难，又解决了加解密速度的问题。目前看来，这种方法好象也只能这样了。你可以在下面的连接中找到一些密码学的基础知识。
http://www.chinaitpower.com/A/2002-01-02/9726.html
http://dev.csdn.net/article/13/13370.shtm
如果你想了解各种算法的介绍和实现细节，可以从下面的链接得到一些信息
DES: http://www.itl.nist.gov/fipspubs/fip46-2.htm
http://www.iusmentis.com/technology/encryption/des/
TripleDES: http://www.zvon.org/tmRFC/RFC3217/Output/chapter1.html
RC2: http://www.zvon.org/tmRFC/RFC2268/Output/index.html
RC4: http://www.wisdom.weizmann.ac.il/~itsik/RC4/rc4.html
AES: http://csrc.nist.gov/encryption/aes/rijndael/rijndael.pdf
http://fp.gladman.plus.com/aes/aes.zip
3 常用对称加密算法简介
DES是最有影响的单钥密码算法，由美国国家标准局在1977年颁布。它的特点是无论加密还是解密都使用同一个密钥，因此，此密码体制的安全性就是密钥的安全。如果密钥泄露，则此密码系统便被攻破。它的优点是：安全性高。加解密速度快。缺点是：1）随着网络规模的扩大，密钥的管理成为一个难点；2）无法解决消息确认问题；3）缺乏自动检测密钥泄露的能力。现在DES算法已经不再安全，用一台20万美元的设备可在56小时之内将56位DES破译（详见：www.eff.org）。
DES是一种古老的算法，现在已经有些过时了；TripleDES也比较古老了，但是现在还是比较安全的；RC2也是一种比较老的算法，但现在还是比较有用；AES是一种较新的算法，现在也非常流行。这几种算法在.Net Framework1.1中已经有了实现，我们只需要调用即可。
RC4算法是在.Net Framework2.0中新增的。它们的基本特点如下面的表所示。
尽管RC4在.Net Framework2.0里面才提供了实现，但是SourceForge上面有了一个C#的实现，你可以用在自己的Web工程里面。你可以参考我前面一篇文章得到RC4的代码。
|
算法 |
Key（密钥） |
向量 |
对称加密 |
.Net Framework |
地位 |
|
DES |
8字节 |
8字节 |
是 |
1.1 |
老，过时 |
|
TripleDES |
16字节或24字节 |
8字节 |
是 |
1.1 |
老，有用 |
|
RC2 |
Any |
8字节 |
是 |
1.1 |
老，有用 |
|
RC4 |
Any |
？ |
是 |
2.0 |
新，有用 |
|
AES |
16字节，24字节或32字节 |
16字节 |
是 |
1.1 |
新，流行 |
4 常用hash加密算法简介
关于MD5和SHA1等的介绍和实现可以参看本博客中其它的文章，在这儿我只提供一个在.Net Framework中引用实现的例子。
5 代码实例：调用常用加密算法的实例
using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Text;
using System.Security.Cryptography;
public class EncryptClass
{
private string mKey = string.Empty;
private ServiceProviderEnum mAlgorithm;
private SymmetricAlgorithm mCryptoService;
private void SetLegalIV()
{
//对称算法的初始化向量
//对于DES, TripleDES, RC2向量的长度为8字节
//对于Rijndael算法，向量长度为16字节
//可以人工输入，也可以随机生成，方法是：des.GenerateIV();
//在这儿为了简单起见，我们使用固定的值，
//也可以按照调整key的办法来调整向量。
switch(mAlgorithm)
{
case ServiceProviderEnum.Rijndael:
mCryptoService.IV = new byte[] {0xf, 0x6f, 0x13, 0x2e, 0x35, 0xc2, 0xcd, 0xf9, 0x5, 0x46, 0x9c, 0xea, 0xa8, 0x4b, 0x73,0xcc};
break;
default:
mCryptoService.IV = new byte[] {0xf, 0x6f, 0x13, 0x2e, 0x35, 0xc2, 0xcd, 0xf9};
break;
}
}
public enum ServiceProviderEnum: int
{
// .Net Framework1.1中支持的对称加密算法
Rijndael,
RC2,
DES,
TripleDES
}
//加密使用的Key
public string Key
{
get
{
return mKey;
}
set
{
mKey = value;
}
}
// 设定缺省的加密算法为Rijndael（AES）
public EncryptClass()
{
mCryptoService = new RijndaelManaged();
mCryptoService.Mode = CipherMode.CBC;
mAlgorithm = ServiceProviderEnum.Rijndael;
}
// 利用ServiceProviderEnum来选择一种加密算法
public EncryptClass(ServiceProviderEnum serviceProvider)
{
switch(serviceProvider)
{
case ServiceProviderEnum.Rijndael:
mCryptoService = new RijndaelManaged();
mAlgorithm = ServiceProviderEnum.Rijndael;
break;
case ServiceProviderEnum.RC2:
mCryptoService = new RC2CryptoServiceProvider();
mAlgorithm = ServiceProviderEnum.RC2;
break;
case ServiceProviderEnum.DES:
mCryptoService = new DESCryptoServiceProvider();
mAlgorithm = ServiceProviderEnum.DES;
break;
case ServiceProviderEnum.TripleDES:
mCryptoService = new TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider();
mAlgorithm = ServiceProviderEnum.TripleDES;
break;
}
mCryptoService.Mode = CipherMode.CBC;
}
//利用算法名来选择加密算法
public EncryptClass(string serviceProviderName)
{
try
{
switch(serviceProviderName.ToLower())
{
case "rijndael":
serviceProviderName = "Rijndael";
mAlgorithm = ServiceProviderEnum.Rijndael;
break;
case "rc2":
serviceProviderName = "RC2";
mAlgorithm = ServiceProviderEnum.RC2;
break;
case "des":
serviceProviderName = "DES";
mAlgorithm = ServiceProviderEnum.DES;
break;
case "tripledes":
serviceProviderName = "TripleDES";
mAlgorithm = ServiceProviderEnum.TripleDES;
break;
}
mCryptoService = (SymmetricAlgorithm)CryptoConfig.CreateFromName(serviceProviderName);
mCryptoService.Mode = CipherMode.CBC;
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
}
}
public byte[] GetLegalKey()
{
//对称算法的机密密钥的长度如下：
//对于DES算法，密钥长度为8字节
//对于TripleDES算法，密钥长度为16或者24字节
//对于Rijndael算法，密钥长度为16，24或者32字节
//可以人工输入，也可以随机生成，方法是：des.GenerateKey();
//对于不符合要求的key，就需要调整其内容
if (mCryptoService.LegalKeySizes.Length > 0)
{
// 用位来表示key的大小
int keySize = mKey.Length * 8;
int minSize = mCryptoService.LegalKeySizes[0].MinSize;
int maxSize = mCryptoService.LegalKeySizes[0].MaxSize;
int skipSize = mCryptoService.LegalKeySizes[0].SkipSize;
if (keySize > maxSize)
{
// 去除多余的部分
mKey = mKey.Substring(0, maxSize / 8);
}
else if (keySize < maxSize)
{
// 设定有效大小
int validSize = (keySize <= minSize)? minSize : (keySize - keySize % skipSize) + skipSize;
if (keySize < validSize)
{
// 使用*来填补不足的部分
mKey = mKey.PadRight(validSize / 8, '*');
}
}
}
PasswordDeriveBytes key = new PasswordDeriveBytes(mKey, ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetBytes(string.Empty));
return key.GetBytes(mKey.Length);
}
public string Encrypt(string plainText)
{
byte[] cryptoByte = null;
try
{
byte[] plainByte = System.Text.UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(plainText);
byte[] keyByte = GetLegalKey();
// 设定key和向量
mCryptoService.Key = keyByte;
SetLegalIV();
// 加密对象
ICryptoTransform cryptoTransform = mCryptoService.CreateEncryptor();
// 内存流对象
MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream();
// 初始化加密流
CryptoStream cs = new CryptoStream(ms, cryptoTransform, CryptoStreamMode.Write);
// 将加密后的数据写入加密流
cs.Write(plainByte, 0, plainByte.Length);
cs.FlushFinalBlock();
cs.Close();
// 得到加密后的数据
cryptoByte = ms.ToArray();
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
return null;
}
// 将数据转换成base64字符串
return Convert.ToBase64String(cryptoByte, 0, cryptoByte.GetLength(0));
}
//解密的时候用的key和向量必须和加密的时候用的一样
public string Decrypt(string cryptoText)
{
// 从base64字符串转换成字节
if(cryptoText == null)
return null;
byte[] cryptoByte = Convert.FromBase64String(cryptoText);
byte[] keyByte = GetLegalKey();
//设定key和向量
mCryptoService.Key = keyByte;
SetLegalIV();
// 解密对象
ICryptoTransform cryptoTransform = mCryptoService.CreateDecryptor();
try
{
// 内存流对象
MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream(cryptoByte, 0, cryptoByte.Length);
// 初始化一个解密流对象
CryptoStream cs = new CryptoStream(ms, cryptoTransform, CryptoStreamMode.Read);
// 从解密流对象中得到解密后的数据
StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(cs);
return sr.ReadToEnd();
}
catch
{
return null;
}
}
public static void Main(string[] args)
{
string plainText = "a example 小朋友";
string key = "wqdj~yriu!@*k0_^fa7431%p$#=@hd+&";
string testEnc = null;
string testDec = null;
Console.WriteLine("Plain text: " + plainText);
Console.WriteLine("Key: " + key + "\n");
EncryptClass enc1 = new EncryptClass();
enc1.Key = key;
testEnc = enc1.Encrypt(plainText);
testDec = enc1.Decrypt(testEnc);
Console.WriteLine("Use Encrypt algorithm: " + enc1.mAlgorithm);
Console.WriteLine("Encrypted text: " + testEnc);
Console.WriteLine("Decrypted text: " + testDec+"\n");
EncryptClass enc2 = new EncryptClass(ServiceProviderEnum.TripleDES);
enc2.Key = key;
testEnc = enc2.Encrypt(plainText);
testDec = enc2.Decrypt(testEnc);
Console.WriteLine("Use Encrypt algorithm: " + enc2.mAlgorithm);
Console.WriteLine("Encrypted text: " + testEnc);
Console.WriteLine("Decrypted text: " + testDec+"\n");
EncryptClass enc3 = new EncryptClass("rc2");
enc3.Key = key;
testEnc = enc3.Encrypt(plainText);
testDec = enc3.Decrypt(testEnc);
Console.WriteLine("Use Encrypt algorithm: " + enc3.mAlgorithm);
Console.WriteLine("Encrypted text: " + testEnc);
Console.WriteLine("Decrypted text: " + testDec+"\n");
Console.Read();
}
}
using System.IO;
using System.Text;
using System.Security.Cryptography;
public class EncryptClass
{
private string mKey = string.Empty;
private ServiceProviderEnum mAlgorithm;
private SymmetricAlgorithm mCryptoService;
private void SetLegalIV()
{
//对称算法的初始化向量
//对于DES, TripleDES, RC2向量的长度为8字节
//对于Rijndael算法，向量长度为16字节
//可以人工输入，也可以随机生成，方法是：des.GenerateIV();
//在这儿为了简单起见，我们使用固定的值，
//也可以按照调整key的办法来调整向量。
switch(mAlgorithm)
{
case ServiceProviderEnum.Rijndael:
mCryptoService.IV = new byte[] {0xf, 0x6f, 0x13, 0x2e, 0x35, 0xc2, 0xcd, 0xf9, 0x5, 0x46, 0x9c, 0xea, 0xa8, 0x4b, 0x73,0xcc};
break;
default:
mCryptoService.IV = new byte[] {0xf, 0x6f, 0x13, 0x2e, 0x35, 0xc2, 0xcd, 0xf9};
break;
}
}
public enum ServiceProviderEnum: int
{
// .Net Framework1.1中支持的对称加密算法
Rijndael,
RC2,
DES,
TripleDES
}
//加密使用的Key
public string Key
{
get
{
return mKey;
}
set
{
mKey = value;
}
}
// 设定缺省的加密算法为Rijndael（AES）
public EncryptClass()
{
mCryptoService = new RijndaelManaged();
mCryptoService.Mode = CipherMode.CBC;
mAlgorithm = ServiceProviderEnum.Rijndael;
}
// 利用ServiceProviderEnum来选择一种加密算法
public EncryptClass(ServiceProviderEnum serviceProvider)
{
switch(serviceProvider)
{
case ServiceProviderEnum.Rijndael:
mCryptoService = new RijndaelManaged();
mAlgorithm = ServiceProviderEnum.Rijndael;
break;
case ServiceProviderEnum.RC2:
mCryptoService = new RC2CryptoServiceProvider();
mAlgorithm = ServiceProviderEnum.RC2;
break;
case ServiceProviderEnum.DES:
mCryptoService = new DESCryptoServiceProvider();
mAlgorithm = ServiceProviderEnum.DES;
break;
case ServiceProviderEnum.TripleDES:
mCryptoService = new TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider();
mAlgorithm = ServiceProviderEnum.TripleDES;
break;
}
mCryptoService.Mode = CipherMode.CBC;
}
//利用算法名来选择加密算法
public EncryptClass(string serviceProviderName)
{
try
{
switch(serviceProviderName.ToLower())
{
case "rijndael":
serviceProviderName = "Rijndael";
mAlgorithm = ServiceProviderEnum.Rijndael;
break;
case "rc2":
serviceProviderName = "RC2";
mAlgorithm = ServiceProviderEnum.RC2;
break;
case "des":
serviceProviderName = "DES";
mAlgorithm = ServiceProviderEnum.DES;
break;
case "tripledes":
serviceProviderName = "TripleDES";
mAlgorithm = ServiceProviderEnum.TripleDES;
break;
}
mCryptoService = (SymmetricAlgorithm)CryptoConfig.CreateFromName(serviceProviderName);
mCryptoService.Mode = CipherMode.CBC;
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
}
}
public byte[] GetLegalKey()
{
//对称算法的机密密钥的长度如下：
//对于DES算法，密钥长度为8字节
//对于TripleDES算法，密钥长度为16或者24字节
//对于Rijndael算法，密钥长度为16，24或者32字节
//可以人工输入，也可以随机生成，方法是：des.GenerateKey();
//对于不符合要求的key，就需要调整其内容
if (mCryptoService.LegalKeySizes.Length > 0)
{
// 用位来表示key的大小
int keySize = mKey.Length * 8;
int minSize = mCryptoService.LegalKeySizes[0].MinSize;
int maxSize = mCryptoService.LegalKeySizes[0].MaxSize;
int skipSize = mCryptoService.LegalKeySizes[0].SkipSize;
if (keySize > maxSize)
{
// 去除多余的部分
mKey = mKey.Substring(0, maxSize / 8);
}
else if (keySize < maxSize)
{
// 设定有效大小
int validSize = (keySize <= minSize)? minSize : (keySize - keySize % skipSize) + skipSize;
if (keySize < validSize)
{
// 使用*来填补不足的部分
mKey = mKey.PadRight(validSize / 8, '*');
}
}
}
PasswordDeriveBytes key = new PasswordDeriveBytes(mKey, ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetBytes(string.Empty));
return key.GetBytes(mKey.Length);
}
public string Encrypt(string plainText)
{
byte[] cryptoByte = null;
try
{
byte[] plainByte = System.Text.UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(plainText);
byte[] keyByte = GetLegalKey();
// 设定key和向量
mCryptoService.Key = keyByte;
SetLegalIV();
// 加密对象
ICryptoTransform cryptoTransform = mCryptoService.CreateEncryptor();
// 内存流对象
MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream();
// 初始化加密流
CryptoStream cs = new CryptoStream(ms, cryptoTransform, CryptoStreamMode.Write);
// 将加密后的数据写入加密流
cs.Write(plainByte, 0, plainByte.Length);
cs.FlushFinalBlock();
cs.Close();
// 得到加密后的数据
cryptoByte = ms.ToArray();
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
return null;
}
// 将数据转换成base64字符串
return Convert.ToBase64String(cryptoByte, 0, cryptoByte.GetLength(0));
}
//解密的时候用的key和向量必须和加密的时候用的一样
public string Decrypt(string cryptoText)
{
// 从base64字符串转换成字节
if(cryptoText == null)
return null;
byte[] cryptoByte = Convert.FromBase64String(cryptoText);
byte[] keyByte = GetLegalKey();
//设定key和向量
mCryptoService.Key = keyByte;
SetLegalIV();
// 解密对象
ICryptoTransform cryptoTransform = mCryptoService.CreateDecryptor();
try
{
// 内存流对象
MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream(cryptoByte, 0, cryptoByte.Length);
// 初始化一个解密流对象
CryptoStream cs = new CryptoStream(ms, cryptoTransform, CryptoStreamMode.Read);
// 从解密流对象中得到解密后的数据
StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(cs);
return sr.ReadToEnd();
}
catch
{
return null;
}
}
public static void Main(string[] args)
{
string plainText = "a example 小朋友";
string key = "wqdj~yriu!@*k0_^fa7431%p$#=@hd+&";
string testEnc = null;
string testDec = null;
Console.WriteLine("Plain text: " + plainText);
Console.WriteLine("Key: " + key + "\n");
EncryptClass enc1 = new EncryptClass();
enc1.Key = key;
testEnc = enc1.Encrypt(plainText);
testDec = enc1.Decrypt(testEnc);
Console.WriteLine("Use Encrypt algorithm: " + enc1.mAlgorithm);
Console.WriteLine("Encrypted text: " + testEnc);
Console.WriteLine("Decrypted text: " + testDec+"\n");
EncryptClass enc2 = new EncryptClass(ServiceProviderEnum.TripleDES);
enc2.Key = key;
testEnc = enc2.Encrypt(plainText);
testDec = enc2.Decrypt(testEnc);
Console.WriteLine("Use Encrypt algorithm: " + enc2.mAlgorithm);
Console.WriteLine("Encrypted text: " + testEnc);
Console.WriteLine("Decrypted text: " + testDec+"\n");
EncryptClass enc3 = new EncryptClass("rc2");
enc3.Key = key;
testEnc = enc3.Encrypt(plainText);
testDec = enc3.Decrypt(testEnc);
Console.WriteLine("Use Encrypt algorithm: " + enc3.mAlgorithm);
Console.WriteLine("Encrypted text: " + testEnc);
Console.WriteLine("Decrypted text: " + testDec+"\n");
Console.Read();
}
}
6 代码实例：调用常用哈希算法的实例
using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Text;
using System.Security.Cryptography;
public class Hash
{
private HashAlgorithm mCryptoService;
private ServiceProviderEnum mAlgorithm;
public enum ServiceProviderEnum: int
{
// 支持的hash算法
SHA1,
SHA256,
SHA384,
SHA512,
MD5
}
public Hash()
{
// 缺省的hash算法
mCryptoService = new SHA1Managed();
mAlgorithm = ServiceProviderEnum.SHA1;
}
public Hash(ServiceProviderEnum serviceProvider)
{
//根据ServiceProviderEnum选择一个hash算法
switch(serviceProvider)
{
case ServiceProviderEnum.MD5:
mAlgorithm = ServiceProviderEnum.MD5;
mCryptoService = new MD5CryptoServiceProvider();
break;
case ServiceProviderEnum.SHA1:
mAlgorithm = ServiceProviderEnum.SHA1;
mCryptoService = new SHA1Managed();
break;
case ServiceProviderEnum.SHA256:
mAlgorithm = ServiceProviderEnum.SHA256;
mCryptoService = new SHA256Managed();
break;
case ServiceProviderEnum.SHA384:
mAlgorithm = ServiceProviderEnum.SHA384;
mCryptoService = new SHA384Managed();
break;
case ServiceProviderEnum.SHA512:
mAlgorithm = ServiceProviderEnum.SHA512;
mCryptoService = new SHA512Managed();
break;
}
}
public Hash(string serviceProviderName)
{
try
{
//根据hash算法的名字选择hash算法
switch(serviceProviderName.ToUpper())
{
case "MD5":
serviceProviderName = "MD5";
mAlgorithm = ServiceProviderEnum.MD5;
break;
case "SHA1":
serviceProviderName = "SHA1";
mAlgorithm = ServiceProviderEnum.SHA1;
break;
case "SHA256":
serviceProviderName = "SHA256";
mAlgorithm = ServiceProviderEnum.SHA256;
break;
case "SHA384":
serviceProviderName = "SHA384";
mAlgorithm = ServiceProviderEnum.SHA384;
break;
case "SHA512":
serviceProviderName = "SHA512";
mAlgorithm = ServiceProviderEnum.SHA512;
break;
}
mCryptoService = (HashAlgorithm)CryptoConfig.CreateFromName(serviceProviderName);
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
}
}
//hash一个文件
public string HashFile(string filePath)
{
string hashCode = null;
try
{
FileStream fs=File.Open(filePath,FileMode.Open,FileAccess.Read);
byte[] encodedBytes = this.mCryptoService.ComputeHash(fs);
hashCode = BitConverter.ToString(encodedBytes).Replace("-", "");
fs.Close();
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
}
return hashCode;
}
//hash一个字符串
public string HashString(string originalPassword)
{
byte[] originalBytes;
byte[] encodedBytes;
string hashCode = null;
try
{
originalBytes = System.Text.UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(originalPassword);
encodedBytes = this.mCryptoService.ComputeHash(originalBytes);
hashCode = BitConverter.ToString(encodedBytes).Replace("-", "");
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
}
return hashCode;
}
public static void Main(string[] args)
{
string plainText = "a example 小朋友 *&HHF";
string filePath = @"C:\WINDOWS\system32\notepad.exe";
string hashText = null;
string hashFile = null;
Console.WriteLine("Plain text: " + plainText);
Hash hash = new Hash("md5");
hashText = hash.HashString(plainText);
hashFile = hash.HashFile(filePath);
Console.WriteLine("Use Hash algorithm: " + hash.mAlgorithm);
Console.WriteLine("Hash code for text: " + hashText);
Console.WriteLine("Hash code for file: " + hashFile+"\n");
Hash hash1 = new Hash();
hashText = hash1.HashString(plainText);
hashFile = hash1.HashFile(filePath);
Console.WriteLine("Use Hash algorithm: " + hash1.mAlgorithm);
Console.WriteLine("Hash code for text: " + hashText);
Console.WriteLine("Hash code for file: " + hashFile+"\n");
Hash hash2 = new Hash(ServiceProviderEnum.SHA384);
hashText = hash2.HashString(plainText);
hashFile = hash2.HashFile(filePath);
Console.WriteLine("Use Hash algorithm: " + hash2.mAlgorithm);
Console.WriteLine("Hash code for text: " + hashText);
Console.WriteLine("Hash code for file: " + hashFile+"\n");
Hash hash3 = new Hash("sha512");
hashText = hash3.HashString(plainText);
hashFile = hash3.HashFile(filePath);
Console.WriteLine("Use Hash algorithm: " + hash3.mAlgorithm);
Console.WriteLine("Hash code for text: " + hashText);
Console.WriteLine("Hash code for file: " + hashFile+"\n");
Console.Read();
}
}
using System.IO;
using System.Text;
using System.Security.Cryptography;
public class Hash
{
private HashAlgorithm mCryptoService;
private ServiceProviderEnum mAlgorithm;
public enum ServiceProviderEnum: int
{
// 支持的hash算法
SHA1,
SHA256,
SHA384,
SHA512,
MD5
}
public Hash()
{
// 缺省的hash算法
mCryptoService = new SHA1Managed();
mAlgorithm = ServiceProviderEnum.SHA1;
}
public Hash(ServiceProviderEnum serviceProvider)
{
//根据ServiceProviderEnum选择一个hash算法
switch(serviceProvider)
{
case ServiceProviderEnum.MD5:
mAlgorithm = ServiceProviderEnum.MD5;
mCryptoService = new MD5CryptoServiceProvider();
break;
case ServiceProviderEnum.SHA1:
mAlgorithm = ServiceProviderEnum.SHA1;
mCryptoService = new SHA1Managed();
break;
case ServiceProviderEnum.SHA256:
mAlgorithm = ServiceProviderEnum.SHA256;
mCryptoService = new SHA256Managed();
break;
case ServiceProviderEnum.SHA384:
mAlgorithm = ServiceProviderEnum.SHA384;
mCryptoService = new SHA384Managed();
break;
case ServiceProviderEnum.SHA512:
mAlgorithm = ServiceProviderEnum.SHA512;
mCryptoService = new SHA512Managed();
break;
}
}
public Hash(string serviceProviderName)
{
try
{
//根据hash算法的名字选择hash算法
switch(serviceProviderName.ToUpper())
{
case "MD5":
serviceProviderName = "MD5";
mAlgorithm = ServiceProviderEnum.MD5;
break;
case "SHA1":
serviceProviderName = "SHA1";
mAlgorithm = ServiceProviderEnum.SHA1;
break;
case "SHA256":
serviceProviderName = "SHA256";
mAlgorithm = ServiceProviderEnum.SHA256;
break;
case "SHA384":
serviceProviderName = "SHA384";
mAlgorithm = ServiceProviderEnum.SHA384;
break;
case "SHA512":
serviceProviderName = "SHA512";
mAlgorithm = ServiceProviderEnum.SHA512;
break;
}
mCryptoService = (HashAlgorithm)CryptoConfig.CreateFromName(serviceProviderName);
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
}
}
//hash一个文件
public string HashFile(string filePath)
{
string hashCode = null;
try
{
FileStream fs=File.Open(filePath,FileMode.Open,FileAccess.Read);
byte[] encodedBytes = this.mCryptoService.ComputeHash(fs);
hashCode = BitConverter.ToString(encodedBytes).Replace("-", "");
fs.Close();
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
}
return hashCode;
}
//hash一个字符串
public string HashString(string originalPassword)
{
byte[] originalBytes;
byte[] encodedBytes;
string hashCode = null;
try
{
originalBytes = System.Text.UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(originalPassword);
encodedBytes = this.mCryptoService.ComputeHash(originalBytes);
hashCode = BitConverter.ToString(encodedBytes).Replace("-", "");
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
}
return hashCode;
}
public static void Main(string[] args)
{
string plainText = "a example 小朋友 *&HHF";
string filePath = @"C:\WINDOWS\system32\notepad.exe";
string hashText = null;
string hashFile = null;
Console.WriteLine("Plain text: " + plainText);
Hash hash = new Hash("md5");
hashText = hash.HashString(plainText);
hashFile = hash.HashFile(filePath);
Console.WriteLine("Use Hash algorithm: " + hash.mAlgorithm);
Console.WriteLine("Hash code for text: " + hashText);
Console.WriteLine("Hash code for file: " + hashFile+"\n");
Hash hash1 = new Hash();
hashText = hash1.HashString(plainText);
hashFile = hash1.HashFile(filePath);
Console.WriteLine("Use Hash algorithm: " + hash1.mAlgorithm);
Console.WriteLine("Hash code for text: " + hashText);
Console.WriteLine("Hash code for file: " + hashFile+"\n");
Hash hash2 = new Hash(ServiceProviderEnum.SHA384);
hashText = hash2.HashString(plainText);
hashFile = hash2.HashFile(filePath);
Console.WriteLine("Use Hash algorithm: " + hash2.mAlgorithm);
Console.WriteLine("Hash code for text: " + hashText);
Console.WriteLine("Hash code for file: " + hashFile+"\n");
Hash hash3 = new Hash("sha512");
hashText = hash3.HashString(plainText);
hashFile = hash3.HashFile(filePath);
Console.WriteLine("Use Hash algorithm: " + hash3.mAlgorithm);
Console.WriteLine("Hash code for text: " + hashText);
Console.WriteLine("Hash code for file: " + hashFile+"\n");
Console.Read();
}
}
/******************************************************************************************
*【Author】：flyingbread
*【Date】：2007年1月7日
*【Notice】：
*1、本文为原创技术文章，首发博客园个人站点(http://flyingbread.cnblogs.com/)，转载和引用请注明作者及出处。
*2、本文必须全文转载和引用，任何组织和个人未授权不能修改任何内容，并且未授权不可用于商业。
*3、本声明为文章一部分，转载和引用必须包括在原文中。
******************************************************************************************/
