豆瓣电影排行250爬虫

#-*- codding = utf-8 -*-
#@Time： 2020/6/22 10:09
#@Author： liruifeng
#@File： demo1.py
#@Software： PyCharm

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup #网页解析获取数据
import re   #正则表达式，进行文字匹配
import urllib.request,urllib.error  #定制url，获取网页数据
import xlwt  #进行Excel操作
import sqlite3   #进行sqllite数据库操作

def main():
    baseurl = "https://movie.douban.com/top250?start="
    datalist = getData(baseurl)
    #savepath = ".\\豆瓣电影Top250.xls"
    dbpath = "movie.db"
    # 保存数据
    #saveData(datalist,savepath)  #保存至Excel
    saveData2(datalist,dbpath)    #保存至sqlite

#影片详情的规则
findLink = re.compile(r'<a href="(.*?)">')  #生成正则表达式对象，表示规则（字符串的模式）
#影片图片规则
findImgSrc = re.compile(r'<img.*src="(.*?)"',re.S) #re.S让换行符包含
#影片的片名
findTitle = re.compile(r'<span class="title">(.*)</span>')
#影片评分
findRating = re.compile(r'<span class="rating_num" property="v:average">(.*)</span>')
#评价人数
findJudge = re.compile(r'<span>(\d*)人评价</span>')
#精选评价
findInq = re.compile(r'<span class="inq">(.*)</span>')
#相关内容
findBd = re.compile(r'<p class="">(.*?)</p>',re.S)
# 爬取网页
def getData(baseurl):
    datalist = []
    for i in range(0,10):    #调用获取页面函数10次
        url = baseurl + str(i*25)
        html = askURL(url)   #保存获取到的网页
    # 解析数据
        soup = BeautifulSoup(html,"html.parser")
        for item in soup.find_all('div',class_="item"):#查找符合要求的字符串形成列表
            data = []  #保存一部电影的所有信息
            item = str(item)
            #影片详情连接
            link = re.findall(findLink,item)[0]     #re库用来通过正则表达式查找指定字符串
            data.append(link)                       #添加连接
            images = re.findall(findImgSrc,item)[0]
            data.append(images)                     #添加图片
            titles = re.findall(findTitle,item)
            if(len(titles) == 2):
                ctitle = titles[0]
                data.append(ctitle)                  #添加中文名
                otitle = titles[1].replace("/","")   #去掉无关符号
                data.append(otitle)                  #添加外国名
            else:
                data.append(titles[0])
                data.append(' ')                     #外国名留空
            rating = re.findall(findRating,item)[0]
            data.append(rating)                      #添加评分
            judgeNum = re.findall(findJudge,item)[0]
            data.append(judgeNum)                    #添加评价人数
            inq = re.findall(findInq,item)
            if len(inq) != 0:
                inq = inq[0].replace("。","")        #去掉句号
                data.append(inq)                     #添加精选评价
            else:
                data.append(" ")
            bd = re.findall(findBd,item)[0]
            bd = re.sub('<br(\s+)?/>(\s+)?'," ",bd)   #去掉<br/>
            bd = re.sub('/'," ",bd)                   #替换/
            data.append(bd.strip())                   #去掉前后空格

            datalist.append(data)                     #处理完成的一部电影放入datalist

    #print(datalist)
    return datalist

#获取指定url的网页内容
def askURL(url):
    head = {
        "User-Agent": "Mozilla / 5.0(Windows NT 10.0;WOW64) AppleWebKit / 537.36(KHTML, likeGecko) Chrome / 81.0.4044.138Safari / 537.36"
    }  #模拟请求头
    #用户代理
    request = urllib.request.Request(url,headers=head)
    html = ""
    try:
        response = urllib.request.urlopen(request)
        html = response.read().decode("utf-8")
        #print(html)
    except urllib.error.URLError as e:
        if hasattr(e,"code"):
            print(e.code)
        if hasattr(e,"reason"):
            print(e.reason)
    return html
# 保存数据
####保存至Excel
# def saveData(datalist,savepath):
#     book = xlwt.Workbook(encoding="utf-8",style_compression=0)  # 创建workbook对象
#     sheet = book.add_sheet('豆瓣电影Top250',cell_overwrite_ok=True)  # 创建工作表
#     col = ("电影详情链接","图片链接","影片中文名","影片外国名","评分","评价数","概况","相关信息")
#     for i in range(0,8):
#         sheet.write(0,i,col[i])
#     for i in range(0,250):
#         print("第%d条"%(i+1))
#         data = datalist[i]
#         for j in range(0,8):
#             sheet.write(i+1,j,data[j])
#     book.save(savepath)  # 保存数据表
####
def saveData2(datalist,dbpath):
    init_db(dbpath)
    conn = sqlite3.connect(dbpath)
    cur = conn.cursor()
    for data in datalist:
        for index in range(len(data)):
            if index == 4 or index == 5:
                continue
            data[index] = '"'+data[index]+'"'
        sql = '''
            insert into movie250 (info_link, pic_link, cname, ename, score, rated, instroduction, info)
            values (%s)'''%",".join(data)
        cur.execute(sql)
        conn.commit()
    cur.close()
    conn.close()

def init_db(dbpath):
    conn = sqlite3.connect(dbpath)  #打开或创建数据文件
    c = conn.cursor()  #获取游标
    sql = '''
        create table movie250
            (id integer primary key autoincrement,
            info_link text,
            pic_link text,
            cname varchar,
            ename varchar,
            score numeric,
            rated numeric,
            instroduction text,
            info text)
    '''  #创建数据表
    c.execute(sql)  #执行SQL
    conn.commit()   #提交数据库操作
    conn.close()    #关闭数据库连接

if __name__ == "__main__":
#调用函数
    main()
    print("爬取完毕")