mysql -h localhost和mysql -h 127.0.0.1的区别
今天遇到一个问题就是mysql -h localhost登陆不了容器内的MySQL服务,感觉很是奇怪,。因为3306端口是没有问题的,所以就研究了一下,发现mysql -h 127.0.0.1和mysql -h IP两种都是可以登陆的,只有写为localhost时就是登陆不进去,后来研究发现:
mysql -h localhost和mysql -h 127.0.0.1的区别,通过localhost连接到mysql是使用UNIX socket,而通过127.0.0.1连接到mysql是使用TCP/IP
比如:
[root@chaofeng test]# mysql -P 3305 -h 127.0.0.1 -uroot -p Enter password: Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 8 Server version: 5.7.29 MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. MySQL [(none)]> status -------------- mysql Ver 15.1 Distrib 10.2.31-MariaDB, for Linux (x86_64) using readline 5.1 Connection id: 8 Current database: Current user: root@172.18.0.1 SSL: Not in use Current pager: stdout Using outfile: '' Using delimiter: ; Server: MySQL Server version: 5.7.29 MySQL Community Server (GPL) Protocol version: 10 Connection: 127.0.0.1 via TCP/IP Server characterset: utf8 Db characterset: utf8 Client characterset: utf8 Conn. characterset: utf8 TCP port: 3305 Uptime: 18 min 44 sec Threads: 1 Questions: 12 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 105 Flush tables: 1 Open tables: 98 Queries per second avg: 0.010
使用mysql -h 127.0.0.1和mysql -h IP连入的话,那么cennection哪里显示的都是via TCP/IP协议,但是使用mysql -h localhost连接的话则是via UNIX socket,这就是两个的区别。
当然我们也可以解决,就是在my.cnf文件里面的[mysql]区段里添加
protocol=tcp即可,。
当然有时候我们使用正确的密码登陆了MySQL,还是会报access denied的错误,也可以用上面的思路来解决一下。