java selenium

selenium是一种web自动化测试的工具，可以控制浏览器，进行网页操作

准备

首先，下载谷歌驱动，下载地址
http://npm.taobao.org/mirrors/chromedriver/
查看自己的谷歌浏览器版本，选择与版本最近的下载。

示例

import org.junit.AfterClass;
import org.junit.BeforeClass;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.Cookie;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
 
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.nio.file.StandardOpenOption;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
 
/**
 * create by fzg
 * 2022/6/15 10:45
 */
 
@SpringBootTest
public class ServerWebTests {
 
    @Autowired
    private ChromeDriver driver;
 
    @Test
    public void getContent() throws IOException {
        System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "D:/Program Files/chrome-driver/chromedriver.exe");
        ChromeOptions chromeOptions = new ChromeOptions();
        driver = new ChromeDriver(chromeOptions);
 
        driver.get("https://so.gushiwen.cn/shiwenv_45c396367f59.aspx");
 
        System.out.println("fzg1===>" + driver.getTitle());
 
        String title = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id=\"sonsyuanwen\"]/div[1]/h1")).getText().toString();
 
        // 古诗的标题
        System.out.println("fzg===>" + driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id=\"sonsyuanwen\"]/div[1]/h1")).getText());
 
        // 古诗内容
        WebElement cont = driver.findElement(By.id("contson45c396367f59"));
        System.out.println(cont.getText());
        String text = cont.getText();
 
        driver.close();
 
        String fileName = "C:\\Users\\Asus\\Desktop\\temp\\poetry.txt";
        Path path = Paths.get(fileName);
 
        try(BufferedWriter writer = Files.newBufferedWriter(path, StandardCharsets.UTF_8)) {
            writer.write(title);
        }
        try(BufferedWriter writer = Files.newBufferedWriter(path, StandardCharsets.UTF_8, StandardOpenOption.APPEND)) {
            writer.write("\n" + text);
        }
 
    }
}

利用selenium可以爬取网页元素

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
 
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.UUID;
 
/**
 * create by fzg
 * 2022/11/29 14:11
 */
 
@Slf4j
@SpringBootTest
public class SeleniumTest {
 
    @Autowired
    private ChromeDriver driver;
 
    @Test
    public void getImages(){
        System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "D:/Program Files/chrome-driver/chromedriver.exe");
        ChromeOptions chromeOptions = new ChromeOptions();
        driver = new ChromeDriver(chromeOptions);
        driver.get("https://picsum.photos/images");
 
        List<WebElement> elements = driver.findElements(By.className("download-url"));
        log.info("大小：" + elements.size());
        for (WebElement element : elements) {
            String imgUrl = element.getAttribute("href");
            downImage(imgUrl, UUID.randomUUID().toString());
        }
        driver.close();
    }
 
    public void downImage(String imageUrl,String fileName) {
        String file = "E:\\pictures\\java-repile-images";
        File files = new File(file);
        if (!files.exists()) {
            files.mkdirs();
        }
 
        InputStream is;
        FileOutputStream out;
        try {
            URL url = new URL(imageUrl);
            HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
            is = connection.getInputStream();
            // 创建文件
            File fileOfImg = new File(file + "/" + fileName + ".jpg");
            out = new FileOutputStream(fileOfImg);
            int i = 0;
            while ((i = is.read()) != -1) {
                out.write(i);
            }
            is.close();
            out.close();
            log.info(fileName + "下载成功");
        } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
            log.info("图片地址解析失败");
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}