QT使用 http 协议通信的实现示例

转载自：https://www.jb51.net/program/3074287bh.htm
 
使用QT进行应用开发时,有时候需要进行客户端和服务端的网络通信,本文主要介绍了QT使用Http协议通信的实现示例,具有一定的参考价值,感兴趣的可以了解一下
 

介绍

使用QT进行应用开发时，有时候需要进行客户端和服务端的网络通信，网络通信常用的一种协议就是http协议。QT对http协议进行了封装，下面将介绍两种http通信方式的使用。

在使用http时需要在pro文件中添加对应的模块。

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QT += network

http主要两种通信方式为get和post两种

1.多个独立参数GET请求

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int NormalGetRequest(QString paramer1, QString paramer2)
{
    //生成对应的网络请求
    QNetworkRequest request;
    QString scheme = "http";
    QString serverAddr = "192.168.0.1";
    QString port = "80";
    QString requestHeader = scheme + QString("://") + serverAddr + QString(":") + port;
    QString fullRequest = requestHeader + QString("/api/vi/user/getrequest?paramer1=%1&paramer2=%2").arg(paramer1).arg(paramer2);
    request.setUrl(QUrl(fullRequest));
  
    //发送Get请求
    QNetworkAccessManager manager;
    QNetworkReply *reply = manager.get(request);
    QEventLoop eventLoop;
    QObject::connect(reply, SIGNAL(finished()),&eventLoop, SLOT(quit()));
    eventLoop.exec(QEventLoop::ExcludeUserInputEvents);
  
    //对请求的返回异常进行处理
    if(reply->error() != QNetworkReply::NoError)
    {
        return reply->error();
    }
  
    //解析返回的Json结果
    QByteArray replyData = reply->readAll();
    QJsonParseError json_error;
    QJsonDocument jsonDoc(QJsonDocument::fromJson(replyData, &json_error));
    if(json_error.error != QJsonParseError::NoError)
    {
        return -1;
    }
    QJsonObject rootObj = jsonDoc.object();
    QString codeStr = rootObj.value("code").toString();
    if (codeStr.compare("200") == 0)
    {
        //返回代码为200的时候证明请求成功对包含的结构数据进行处理
        if(rootObj.contains("result"))
        {
  
        }
        return 0;
    }
    else
    {
        //请求失败对对应的处理
        return codeStr.toInt();
    }
}

2.参数数组GET请求

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int GetRequestWithArray(QVector<QString> m_filePathVector)
{
    QJsonArray array;
    for(int index=0; index<m_filePathVector.size(); ++index)
    {
        QJsonObject object;
        object.insert("index",QString::number(index));
        object.insert("path",m_filePathVector.at(index));
        array.append(object);
    }
  
    QJsonDocument document;
    document.setArray(array);
    QString arrayString = document.toJson(QJsonDocument::Compact);
  
    //生成对应的网络请求
    QNetworkRequest request;
    QString scheme = "http";
    QString serverAddr = "192.168.0.1";
    QString port = "80";
    QString requestHeader = scheme + QString("://") + serverAddr + QString(":") + port;
    QString fullRequest = requestHeader + QString("/api/vi/user/getarray?paramers=%1").arg(arrayString);
    request.setUrl(QUrl(fullRequest));
  
    //获取错误
    QNetworkAccessManager manager;
    QNetworkReply *reply = manager.get(request);
    QEventLoop eventLoop;
    QObject::connect(reply, SIGNAL(finished()),&eventLoop, SLOT(quit()));
    eventLoop.exec(QEventLoop::ExcludeUserInputEvents);
    if(reply->error() != QNetworkReply::NoError)
    {
        return reply->error();
    }
  
    //解析返回的Json结果
    QByteArray replyData = reply->readAll();
    QJsonParseError json_error;
    QJsonDocument jsonDoc(QJsonDocument::fromJson(replyData, &json_error));
    if(json_error.error != QJsonParseError::NoError)
    {
        return -1;
    }
    QJsonObject rootObj = jsonDoc.object();
    QString codeStr = rootObj.value("code").toString();
    if (codeStr.compare("200") == 0)
    {
        //返回代码为200的时候证明请求成功对包含的结构数据进行处理
        if(rootObj.contains("result"))
        {
  
        }
        return 0;
    }
    else
    {
        //请求失败对对应的处理
        return codeStr.toInt();
    }
}

3.上传参数数据POST请求

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int NormalPostRequest(QString paramer1, QString paramer2)
{
    //生成对应的网址请求
    QNetworkRequest request;
    QString scheme = "http";
    QString serverAddr = "192.168.0.1";
    QString port = "80";
    QString requestHeader = scheme + QString("://") + serverAddr + QString(":") + port;
    QString fullRequest = requestHeader + "/api/v1/user/postrequest";
    request.setUrl(QUrl(fullRequest));
    request.setHeader(QNetworkRequest::ContentTypeHeader, "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
  
    //获取对应的参数数据
    QByteArray data;
    data.append("paramer1=");
    data.append(paramer1.toUtf8());
    data.append("&paramer2=");
    data.append(paramer2.toUtf8());
  
    //发送请求
    QNetworkAccessManager manager;
    QNetworkReply *reply = manager.post(request,data);
    QEventLoop eventLoop;
    QObject::connect(reply, SIGNAL(finished()),&eventLoop, SLOT(quit()));
    eventLoop.exec(QEventLoop::ExcludeUserInputEvents);
    if(reply->error() != QNetworkReply::NoError)
    {
        return reply->error();
    }
  
  
    //解析返回的Json结果
    QByteArray replyData = reply->readAll();
    QJsonParseError json_error;
    QJsonDocument jsonDoc(QJsonDocument::fromJson(replyData, &json_error));
    if(json_error.error != QJsonParseError::NoError)
    {
        return -1;
    }
    QJsonObject rootObj = jsonDoc.object();
    QString codeStr = rootObj.value("code").toString();
    if (codeStr.compare("200") == 0)
    {
        //返回代码为200的时候证明请求成功对包含的结构数据进行处理
        if(rootObj.contains("result"))
        {
  
        }
        return 0;
    }
    else
    {
        //请求失败对对应的处理
        return codeStr.toInt();
    }
}

4.上传参数和文件POST请求

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int PostRequestWithFile(QString paramer1, QString paramer2,QString filePath)
{
  
    //生成对应的网址请求
    QFileInfo fileInfo(filePath);
    QString fileName =fileInfo.fileName();
  
    QFile* inputFile = new QFile(filePath);
    inputFile->open(QIODevice::ReadOnly);
  
    //multipart请求
    QHttpMultiPart* multiPart = new QHttpMultiPart(QHttpMultiPart::FormDataType);
    //文件块
    QHttpPart filePart;
    filePart.setHeader(QNetworkRequest::ContentDispositionHeader,
                                 QVariant(QString("form-data; name=\"uploadfile\";filename=\"%1\"").arg(fileName)));
    filePart.setBodyDevice(inputFile);
    inputFile->setParent(multiPart);
    multiPart->append(filePart);
  
    QHttpPart paramer1Part;
    paramer1Part.setHeader(QNetworkRequest::ContentDispositionHeader,QVariant("form-data; name=\"paramer1\""));
    paramer1Part.setBody(paramer1.toUtf8());
    multiPart->append(paramer1Part);
  
    QHttpPart paramer2Part;
    paramer2Part.setHeader(QNetworkRequest::ContentDispositionHeader,QVariant("form-data; name=\"paramer2\""));
    paramer2Part.setBody(paramer2.toUtf8());
    multiPart->append(paramer2Part);
  
  
    //生成对应的网址请求
    QNetworkRequest request;
    QString scheme = "http";
    QString serverAddr = "192.168.0.1";
    QString port = "80";
    QString requestHeader = scheme + QString("://") + serverAddr + QString(":") + port;
    QString fullRequest = requestHeader + "/api/v1/user/postrequestwithfile";
    request.setUrl(QUrl(fullRequest));
  
    //发送请求
    QNetworkAccessManager manager;
    QNetworkReply *reply = manager.post(request,multiPart);
    multiPart->setParent(reply);
  
    QEventLoop eventLoop;
    QObject::connect(&manager, SIGNAL(finished(QNetworkReply*)),&eventLoop, SLOT(quit()));
    eventLoop.exec(QEventLoop::ExcludeUserInputEvents);
  
    if(reply->error() != QNetworkReply::NoError)
    {
        return reply->error();
    }
  
    //解析返回的Json结果
    QByteArray replyData = reply->readAll();
    QJsonParseError json_error;
    QJsonDocument jsonDoc(QJsonDocument::fromJson(replyData, &json_error));
    if(json_error.error != QJsonParseError::NoError)
    {
        return -1;
    }
    QJsonObject rootObj = jsonDoc.object();
    QString codeStr = rootObj.value("code").toString();
    if (codeStr.compare("200") == 0)
    {
        //返回代码为200的时候证明请求成功对包含的结构数据进行处理
        if(rootObj.contains("result"))
        {
  
        }
        return 0;
    }
    else
    {
        //请求失败对对应的处理
        return codeStr.toInt();
    }
}

5.下载文件GET请求

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int DownloadFileFromWeb(QString fileUrl,QString&fileSavePath)
{
    QNetworkRequest request;
    QUrl url(fileUrl);
    QFileInfo fileInfo(url.path());
    QString fileName = fileInfo.fileName();
    QNetworkAccessManager *accessManager=new QNetworkAccessManager();
    request.setUrl(url);
    QNetworkReply *reply  = accessManager->get(request);
    QEventLoop loop;
    QObject::connect(accessManager, SIGNAL(finished(QNetworkReply*)), &loop, SLOT(quit()));
//如果需要下载进度需要关联对应的信号
//connect(reply, SIGNAL(downloadProgress(qint64, qint64)), this, SLOT(LoadProgress(qint64, qint64)));
    loop.exec(QEventLoop::ExcludeUserInputEvents);
  
    //获取下载返回值
    QVariant statusCode = reply->attribute(QNetworkRequest::HttpStatusCodeAttribute);
    if (statusCode.toInt() != 200)
    {
        return -1;
    }
  
    //保存下载的文件
    QFile file(fileSavePath);
    if(!file.open(QIODevice::WriteOnly))
    {
        return -2;
    }
    file.write(reply->readAll());
    file.close();
    return 0;
}

 到此这篇关于QT使用Http协议通信的实现示例的文章就介绍到这了,更多相关QT Http协议通信内容请搜索脚本之家以前的文章或继续浏览下面的相关文章希望大家以后多多支持脚本之家！

 

 

扩展文章：

【Qt入门第32篇】 网络（二）HTTP：https://blog.csdn.net/hw5230/article/details/128254099

posted @ 2024-05-03 13:28  FBshark  阅读(908)  评论(0)  编辑  收藏  举报