爬取全部的校园新闻

作业要求来源:https://edu.cnblogs.com/campus/gzcc/GZCC-16SE1/homework/3002

0.从新闻url获取点击次数，并整理成函数

• newsUrl
• newsId(re.search())
• clickUrl(str.format())
• requests.get(clickUrl)
• re.search()/.split()
• str.lstrip(),str.rstrip()
• int
• 整理成函数
• 获取新闻发布时间及类型转换也整理成函数

点击次数函数

源代码

def click(url):
    id = re.findall('(\d{1,5})',url)[-1]
    clickUrl = 'http://oa.gzcc.cn/api.php?op=count&id={}&modelid=80'.format(id)
    resClick = requests.get(clickUrl)
    newsClick = str(resClick.text.split('.html')[-1].lstrip("('").rstrip("');"))
    return newsClick

newsUrl = 'http://news.gzcc.cn/html/2019/xiaoyuanxinwen_0329/11095.html'
print("点击次数为："+click(newsUrl))

运行结果

获取新闻发布时间函数

源代码

def newsdt(showinfo):
    newsDate = showinfo.split()[0].split(':')[1]
    newsTime = showinfo.split()[1]
    newsDate = newsDate+' '+newsTime
    date = datetime.strptime(newsDate,'%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
    return date

newsUrl = 'http://news.gzcc.cn/html/2019/xiaoyuanxinwen_0404/11155.html'
print("发布时间为:{}".format(anews(newsUrl)['newsDate']))

运行效果

1.从新闻url获取新闻详情： 字典,anews

源代码

def anews(url):
    newsDetail = {}
    res = requests.get(url)
    res.encoding = 'utf-8'
    soup = BeautifulSoup(res.text,'html.parser')
    newsDetail['newsTitle'] = soup.select('.show-title')[0].text
    showinfo = soup.select('.show-info')[0].text
    newsDetail['newsDate'] = newsdt(showinfo)
    newsDetail['newsClick'] = click(newsUrl)
    return newsDetail
newsUrl = 'http://news.gzcc.cn/html/2019/xiaoyuanxinwen_0329/11095.html'
print(anews(newsUrl))

运行结果

2.从列表页的url获取新闻url：列表append(字典) alist

源代码

def alist(url):
    res = requests.get(listUrl)
    res.encoding = 'utf-8'
    soup = BeautifulSoup(res.text, 'html.parser')
    newsList = []
    for news in soup.select('li'):
        if len(news.select('.news-list-title'))>0:
            newsUrl = news.select('a')[0]['href']
            newsDesc = news.select('.news-list-description')[0].text
            newsDict = anews(newsUrl)
            newsDict['description'] = newsDesc
            newsList.append(newsDict)
    return newsList
listUrl = 'http://news.gzcc.cn/html/xiaoyuanxinwen/'
alist(listUrl)

运行效果

3.生成所页列表页的url并获取全部新闻 ：列表extend(列表) allnews

*每个同学爬学号尾数开始的10个列表页

源代码

listUrl='http://news.gzcc.cn/html/xiaoyuanxinwen/'
print(listUrl)
allnews = alist(listUrl)
for i in range(2,10): 
    listUrl = 'http://news.gzcc.cn/html/xiaoyuanxinwen/{}.html'.format(i)
    print(listUrl)
    allnews.extend(alist(listUrl))

print(allnews)

运行效果

4.设置合理的爬取间隔

import time

import random

time.sleep(random.random()*3)

源代码

res = requests.get('http://news.gzcc.cn/html/xiaoyuanxinwen/')
res.encoding = 'utf-8'
soup = BeautifulSoup(res.text, 'html.parser')
for news in soup.select('li'):
    if len(news.select('.news-list-title')) > 0:
        newsUrl = news.select('a')[0]['href']
        print(anews(newsUrl))

pd.Series(anews)
newsdf = pd.DataFrame(allnews)
for i in range(5):
    print(i)
    time.sleep(random.random() * 3)
    print(newsdf)

运行效果

5.用pandas做简单的数据处理并保存

保存到csv或excel文件 

newsdf.to_csv(r'F:\duym\爬虫\gzccnews.csv')

源代码

newsdf.to_csv(r'E:\news.csv')

运行效果