SpringCloud学习笔记(6)----Spring Cloud Netflix之负载均衡-Ribbon的使用

1. 什么是负责均衡?

  负载均衡,就是分发请求流量到不同的服务器。

  负载均衡一般分为两种

  1. 服务器端负载均衡(nginx)

  2. 客户端负载均衡(Ribbon)

  

2. 服务提供者(spring-cloud-provider)

  实体类User:

package com.wangx.cloud.model;

import java.util.Date;
public class User {

    private Integer id;

    private String name;

    private Date date;

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Date getDate() {
        return date;
    }

    public void setDate(Date date) {
        this.date = date;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", date=" + date +
                '}';
    }
}

  Controller接口:

package com.wangx.cloud.controller;


import com.wangx.cloud.model.User;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.util.Date;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/api/user")
public class UserController {

    @RequestMapping(value = "/{id}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public User view(@PathVariable int id) {
        User user = new User();
        user.setId(id);
        user.setName("小张");
        user.setDate(new Date());
        System.out.println(user);
        return user;
    }
}

3. 服务消费者(spring-cloud-consumer)

  

package com.wangx.cloud.controller;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@RestController
@RequestMapping(value = "/user", method = RequestMethod.POST)
public class UserController {

    private static final String URL = "http://localhost:7777/api/user/{id}";

    @Autowired
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @RequestMapping(value = "/{id}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String get(@PathVariable(value = "id") int id) {
        return restTemplate.getForObject(URL, String.class, id);
    }
}

分别查看两个服务是否能正常调用。

4. 如何通过Ribbon进行调用

  1. 在创建RestTemplate bean的方法上添加注解@LoadBalanced

  

  @Bean
    @LoadBalanced //默认的负载策略是轮询算法
    public RestTemplate restTemplate() {
        return new RestTemplate();
    }

  2. 修改调用的URL为URL=http://spring-cloud-provider/api/user/{id}

  注意:控制台的应用名为大写,我们统一为小写,更不能大小写都存在

5. 如何实现负载均衡

  启动多个提供者,进行测试

  为了区分,可以修改实体类User的name属性,

  注意:修改应用的时候,端口也要修改

 6. 结论

  1. Ribbon通过@LoadBalanced进行负载均衡

  2.  默认的负载策略是轮询算法

  

posted @ 2018-10-23 17:52  Eternally_dream  阅读(249)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报