CodeForces484A——Bits(贪心算法)
Bits
Let's denote as the number of bits set ('1' bits) in the binary representation of the non-negative integer x.
You are given multiple queries consisting of pairs of integers l and r. For each query, find the x, such that l ≤ x ≤ r, and is maximum possible. If there are multiple such numbers find the smallest of them.
Input
The first line contains integer n — the number of queries (1 ≤ n ≤ 10000).
Each of the following n lines contain two integers li, ri — the arguments for the corresponding query (0 ≤ li ≤ ri ≤ 1018).
Output
For each query print the answer in a separate line.
Sample test(s)
Input
3
1 2
2 4
1 10
Output
1
3
7
题目大意:
给定L,R,输出X,X为[L,R]中化为二进制之后一的个数最多的那个数,(同时存在多个解,输出最小的那个)。
解题思路:
设L,R的从高位开始有t1位相同,那么根据常识,x的前t1位(从高位开始数)必然也与LR相同。又因为L<=R,那么t1+1位不同,必然是L为0,R为1。
此时将x的t1+1位赋值为0,后面所有为都为1。那么求出的X: L<=x<R 成立,且在[L,R)区间中为最优解。
存在特殊情况:R换成二进制之后全部为1,所以要加一个判断。判断x在t1+1位为1的时候是否绝对大于R,绝对大于的话,就将t1+1赋值为0;反之,赋值为1。
Code:
1 /************************************************************************* 2 > File Name: CF484A.cpp 3 > Author: Enumz 4 > Mail: 369372123@qq.com 5 > Created Time: 2014年11月06日 星期四 01时49分25秒 6 ************************************************************************/ 7 8 #include<iostream> 9 #include<cstdio> 10 #include<cstdlib> 11 #include<string> 12 #include<cstring> 13 #include<list> 14 #include<queue> 15 #include<stack> 16 #include<map> 17 #include<set> 18 #include<algorithm> 19 #include<cmath> 20 #include<bitset> 21 #include<climits> 22 #define MAXN 100000 23 #define LL long long 24 using namespace std; 25 int main() 26 { 27 LL a,b,ans; 28 int T,k; 29 cin>>T; 30 while (T--) 31 { 32 ans=0; 33 cin>>a>>b; 34 int i; 35 bool flag=0; 36 for (i=60; i>=0; i--) 37 { 38 if (flag) 39 { 40 ans+=1LL<<i; 41 continue; 42 } 43 if((a&(1LL<<i))==(b&(1LL<<i))) 44 { 45 if ((a&(1LL<<i))!=0) 46 ans+=1LL<<i; 47 } 48 else 49 { 50 flag=1; 51 k=i; 52 i++; 53 } 54 } 55 if (ans>b) 56 ans=ans^(1LL<<k); 57 cout<<ans<<endl; 58 } 59 return 0; 60 }