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利用数据库视图实现WEB查询敏感信息接口动态脱敏

前言：

利用数据库视图，实现web接口查询敏感信息时动态脱敏。

具体目标：某接口为用户信息查询接口，返回敏感用户信息（id，姓名、手机号【敏感】、身份证号【敏感】），如果web用户为管理员角色，则查询后返回明文用户信息，如果用户为普通用户信息，则查询后返回脱敏后的用户信息。

具体步骤：

一、在mysql中新建一个用户信息表，并添加几条数据

二、对上表创建脱敏后的视图，利用掩码技术脱敏，脱敏字段为phone和id_card

create view  user_info_view as select id,name,concat(left(phone,3),'****',right(phone,3)) as phone,concat(left(id_card,4),'**************') as id_card from user_info;

三、SpringBoot项目启用SpringSecurity，在配置文件中，内存新建账号的时候添加admin和normal两个角色

package Eleven.config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.authentication.builders.AuthenticationManagerBuilder;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.method.configuration.EnableGlobalMethodSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.bcrypt.BCryptPasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.PasswordEncoder;

@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
@EnableGlobalMethodSecurity(prePostEnabled = true)
public class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
    @Bean
    public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder(){
        return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
    }
    @Override
    protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
        auth.inMemoryAuthentication().withUser("admin").password(passwordEncoder().encode("123456")).roles("admin");
        auth.inMemoryAuthentication().withUser("user").password(passwordEncoder().encode("123456")).roles("normal");
    }

    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        http.authorizeRequests() // 定义哪些URL需要被保护、哪些不需要被保护
                .antMatchers("/login").permitAll()// 设置所有人都可以访问登录页面
                .anyRequest().authenticated()  // 任何请求,登录后可以访问
                .and()
                .formLogin().loginPage("/login")
        ;

    }
}

View Code

四、创建UserInfo的domain类

package Eleven.domain;

public class UserInfo {

    private long id;
    private String name;
    private String phone;
    private String id_card;

    public long getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getPhone() {
        return phone;
    }

    public void setPhone(String phone) {
        this.phone = phone;
    }

    public String getId_card() {
        return id_card;
    }

    public void setId_card(String id_card) {
        this.id_card = id_card;
    }
}

View Code

五、创建Mapper，访问数据库的接口，两个查询方法，以便按不同的角色区分查询原始表还是脱敏后的视图

package Eleven.mapper;

import Eleven.domain.UserInfo;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.*;


@Mapper
public interface UserMapper {


    //根据用户名查询，查询原始表，明文显示敏感信息
    @Select("select * from user_info where name=#{name}")
    UserInfo findByName(String name);

    //根据用户名查询，查询脱敏后的视图表，脱敏显示敏感信息
    @Select("select * from user_info_view where name=#{name}")
    UserInfo findByNameSec(String name);
}

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六、创建Service 和Impl文件

package Eleven.service;


import Eleven.domain.UserInfo;

public interface UserService {
    
    public UserInfo find(String name);

    public UserInfo findSec(String name);

}

View Code

package Eleven.impl;

import Eleven.domain.UserInfo;
import Eleven.mapper.UserMapper;
import Eleven.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;


@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
    @Autowired
    private UserMapper userMapper;


    @Override
    public  UserInfo find(String name){
        return userMapper.findByName(name);
    }

    public  UserInfo findSec(String name){
        return userMapper.findByNameSec(name);
    }
}

View Code

七、创建controller文件，其中Get请求中，获取登录用户的角色，不同的角色调用Service中不同的函数，最终admin用户在数据库原始表中执行SQL查询，普通用户在脱敏后的视图中执行SQL查询

package Eleven.controller;

import Eleven.domain.User;
import Eleven.domain.UserInfo;
import Eleven.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.security.core.Authentication;
import org.springframework.security.core.context.SecurityContextHolder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
public class UserController {
    @Autowired
    private UserService userService;

    @GetMapping("/findByName")
    public Object findByName(String name){
        /**
         * 获取登录用户的角色，不同角色调用Service中不同的函数，最终执行不同的Sql查询
         */
        Authentication auth = SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication();
        if (auth.getAuthorities().toString().equals("[ROLE_admin]")){
            UserInfo userInfo = userService.find(name);
            return userInfo;
        }
         else if (auth.getAuthorities().toString().equals("[ROLE_normal]")){
            UserInfo userInfo = userService.findSec(name);
            return userInfo;
        }
         else {
             return auth.getAuthorities().toString();
        }

    }

}