1 腾讯云短信二次封装
tx_sms
__init__.py
settings.py
sms.py
1.1 init.py
from .sms import get_code, send_sms
1.2 settings.py
# 短信应用 SDK AppID
APPPID = # SDK AppID 以1400开头
# 短信应用 SDK AppKey
APPKEY = ""
# 短信模板ID，需要在短信控制台中申请
TEMPLATE_ID = # NOTE: 这里的模板 ID`7839` 只是示例，真实的模板 ID 需要在短信控制台中申请
# 签名
SMS_SIGN = ""
1.3 sms.py
import random
from qcloudsms_py import SmsSingleSender
from qcloudsms_py.httpclient import HTTPError
from .settings import *
from utils.logging import get_logger
logger = get_logger()
# 获取验证码的函数（4位数字）
def get_code():
code_str = ''
for i in range(4):
number = str(random.randint(0, 9))
code_str += number
return code_str
# 发送短信的函数
def send_sms(phone, code):
ssender = SmsSingleSender(APPPID, APPKEY)
params = [code, '1'] # 当模板没有参数时，`params = []`
try:
result = ssender.send_with_param(86, phone, TEMPLATE_ID, params, sign=SMS_SIGN, extend="", ext="")
except Exception as e:
# 记录日志
logger.error('%s手机号，发送短信失败，错误信息是%s' % (phone,str(e)))
if result['result'] == 0:
return True
else:
logger.warning('%s手机号，发送短信失败,失败原因是%s' % (phone, result['errmsg']))
return False
2 短信发送接口
# 前端给我手机号，get请求
2.1 视图
# action装饰器的拓展使用--给同一个视图view下，不同的接口，添加不同的类设置
可用action装饰器 参数：throttle_classes=[SMSThrottle]
class MobileView(ViewSet):
@action(methods=['GET'],detail=False,url_path='sms',throttle_classes=[SMSThrottle])
def send_sms(self, request):
mobile = request.query_params.get('mobile')
if mobile and re.match('^1[3-9][0-9]{9}$', mobile):
# 发送短信
# 获取验证码，记录验证码（放到缓存中，默认还是缓存到内存）
code = tx_sms.get_code()
cache.set(settings.CACHE_SMS % mobile, code)
# 调用发送短信函数
res = tx_sms.send_sms(mobile, code)
if res:
return APIResponse(msg='短信发送成功')
else:
raise APIException('短信发送失败')
else:
raise APIException('手机号不合法')
2.2 路由
# view 采用的自动生成路由
# 这是自己写路由的形式
path('sms/', views.LoginView.as_view({'get':'send_sms'})),
2.3 配合一个频率类
# 限制一个手机号，一分钟只能发一次验证码
# 频率类全局配置
REST_FRAMEWORK = {
'DEFAULT_THROTTLE_RATES': {
'sms': '1/m',
},
}
from rest_framework.throttling import SimpleRateThrottle
class SMSThrottle(SimpleRateThrottle):
scope = 'sms'
def get_cache_key(self, request, view):
mobile = request.query_params.get('mobile')
return mobile
3 短信登录接口
# post, 手机号，验证码
3.1 视图
class LoginView(ViewSet):
def mobile_login(self, request):
# 逻辑写在序列化类中
ser = serializer.MobileLoginSerializer(data=request.data)
ser.is_valid(raise_exception=True) # 执行序列化类字段自己的校验规则，局部钩子，全局钩子
token = ser.context.get('token')
username = ser.context.get('username')
return APIResponse(msg='登录成功', username=username, token=token)
3.2 序列化类
class MobileLoginSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
# 重写它的原因，unique=True
mobile = serializers.CharField()
#code 由于不是表的字段，所有必须重写
code=serializers.CharField()
class Meta:
model = models.User
fields = ['code', 'mobile']
# 用户校验和签发token
def validate(self, attrs):
'''
1 校验code是否正确：从缓存中根据手机号获取code，比较
2 根据手机号，拿到当前用户，
3 根据用户，签发token
4 把token放到序列化类的对象中
'''
user = self._get_user(attrs)
token = self._get_token(user)
# 上下文，是个字典
self.context['token'] = token
self.context['username'] = user.username
return attrs
def _get_user(self, attrs): # 不是私有，但尽量只给内部用
code = attrs.get('code')
mobile = attrs.get('mobile')
# 校验code
cache_code = cache.get(settings.CACHE_SMS % mobile)
# code == "111111" 是防止验证码发送频繁，留的后门
if cache_code and code == cache_code or code == "111111":
user = models.User.objects.filter(mobile=mobile).first()
if not user:
raise ValidationError({'detail': '手机号不存在'})
return user
else:
raise ValidationError({'detail': '验证码错误'})
def _get_token(self, user):
payload = jwt_payload_handler(user)
token = jwt_encode_handler(payload)
return token
3.3 路由
path('mobile_login/', views.LoginView.as_view({'post':'mobile_login'})),
4 短信注册接口
# 手机号 验证码 密码
4.1 视图类
class RegisterView(GenericViewSet, CreateModelMixin):
queryset = User.objects.all()
serializer_class = serializer.RegisterUserSerializer
def create(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
super().create(request, *args, **kwargs)
return APIResponse(msg='注册成功')
4.2 序列化类
class RegisterUserSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
# code 不是User表的字段，必须重写
code = serializers.CharField(max_length=4, min_length=4,write_only=True)
class Meta:
model = models.User
fields = ['mobile', 'code', 'password']
extra_kwargs = {'mobile': {'write_only': True},
'password': {'write_only': True}
}
# 如果想让密码比较复杂，可以给密码写一个局部钩子，使用正则去匹配
# 校验字段
def validate(self, attrs):
'''
1 校验code是否正确
2 把code从attrs中剔除
3 使用手机号作为用户名，后期可以改
'''
code = attrs.get('code')
mobile = attrs.get('mobile')
# 校验code
cache_code = cache.get(settings.CACHE_SMS % mobile)
# code == "111111" 是防止验证码发送频繁，留的后门
if cache_code and code == cache_code or code == "111111":
# 把code剔除，code不是User表的字段，不能用来保存
attrs.pop('code')
# 创造一个username
attrs['username'] = mobile
else:
raise ValidationError({'detail': '验证码错误'})
return attrs
# 为什么要重写create? 因为密码是明文的，需要使用create_user创建用户
def create(self, validated_data):
user = models.User.objects.create_user(**validated_data)
return user
5 前端登录注册
# 多方式登录接口
# 校验手机号是否存在接口
# 发送验证码接口（腾讯短信平台）
# 验证码登录接口
# 验证码注册接口
5.1 Login.vue
<template>
<div class="login">
<div class="box">
<i class="el-icon-close" @click="close_login"></i>
<div class="content">
<div class="nav">
<span :class="{active: login_method === 'is_pwd'}"
@click="change_login_method('is_pwd')">密码登录</span>
<span :class="{active: login_method === 'is_sms'}"
@click="change_login_method('is_sms')">短信登录</span>
</div>
<el-form v-if="login_method === 'is_pwd'">
<el-input
placeholder="用户名/手机号/邮箱"
prefix-icon="el-icon-user"
v-model="username"
clearable>
</el-input>
<el-input
placeholder="密码"
prefix-icon="el-icon-key"
v-model="password"
clearable
show-password>
</el-input>
<el-button type="primary" @click="login">登录</el-button>
</el-form>
<el-form v-if="login_method === 'is_sms'">
<el-input
placeholder="手机号"
prefix-icon="el-icon-phone-outline"
v-model="mobile"
clearable
@blur="check_mobile">
</el-input>
<el-input
placeholder="验证码"
prefix-icon="el-icon-chat-line-round"
v-model="sms"
clearable>
<template slot="append">
<span class="sms" @click="send_sms">{{ sms_interval }}</span>
</template>
</el-input>
<el-button type="primary" @click="sms_login">登录</el-button>
</el-form>
<div class="foot">
<span @click="go_register">立即注册</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script>
export default {
name: "Login",
data() {
return {
username: '',
password: '',
mobile: '',
sms: '',
login_method: 'is_pwd',
sms_interval: '获取验证码',
is_send: false,
}
},
methods: {
close_login() {
this.$emit('close')
},
go_register() {
this.$emit('go')
},
// 用到再看
// 通过点击不同的登陆方式，显示不同的页面
change_login_method(method) {
this.login_method = method;
},
// 校验手机号
check_mobile() {
if (!this.mobile) return;
if (!this.mobile.match(/^1[3-9][0-9]{9}$/)) {
this.$message({
message: '手机号有误',
type: 'warning',
duration: 1000,
onClose: () => {
this.mobile = '';
}
});
return false;
}
// 手机号合法的情况，向后端发送请求，检查手机号是否注册过
this.$http.get(this.$settings.base_url + 'user/mobile/?mobile=' + this.mobile).then(res => {
if (res.data.code == 100) {
// 能发送验证码
this.is_send = true; // 通过is_send来标志，能否发送验证码
} else {
this.$message({
message: '该手机号未注册过，请先注册！！',
type: 'warning',
duration: 3000,
onClose: () => {
this.mobile = '' // 手机号没有注册过，不能发验证码
this.is_send = false;
}
});
}
})
},
// 发送验证码
send_sms() {
if (!this.is_send) return;
this.is_send = false;
let sms_interval_time = 60;
this.sms_interval = "发送中...";
let timer = setInterval(() => {
if (sms_interval_time <= 1) {
clearInterval(timer);
this.sms_interval = "获取验证码";
this.is_send = true; // 重新回复点击发送功能的条件
} else {
sms_interval_time -= 1;
this.sms_interval = `${sms_interval_time}秒后再发`;
}
}, 1000);
// 真正的发送验证码
this.$http.get(this.$settings.base_url + 'user/sms/?mobile=' + this.mobile).then(res => {
this.$message({
message: res.data.msg,
type: 'info',
duration: 3000,
})
})
},
// 普通登陆
login() {
if (this.username && this.password) {
this.$http.post(this.$settings.base_url + 'user/login/', {
username: this.username,
password: this.password
}).then(res => {
if (res.data.code == 100) {
//登陆成功，把token和username放到cookie
this.$cookies.set('token', res.data.token, '7d')
this.$cookies.set('username', res.data.username, '7d')
//关闭登录窗口
this.$emit('close')
} else {
// 登录失败，提示
this.$message({
message: res.data.msg[0],
type: 'warning',
duration: 3000,
});
}
})
}
else {
this.$message({
message: '请输入用户名或密码',
type: 'warning',
duration: 3000,
});
}
},
sms_login() {
if (this.mobile && this.sms) {
this.$http.post(this.$settings.base_url + 'user/mobile_login/', {
mobile: this.mobile,
code: this.sms
}).then(res => {
if (res.data.code == 100) {
//登陆成功，把token和username放到cookie
this.$cookies.set('token', res.data.token, '7d')
this.$cookies.set('username', res.data.username, '7d')
//关闭登录窗口
this.$emit('close')
} else {
// 登录失败，提示
this.$message({
message: res.data.msg[0],
type: 'warning',
duration: 3000,
});
}
})
}
else {
this.$message({
message: '请输入用户名或密码',
type: 'warning',
duration: 3000,
});
}
},
}
}
</script>
<style scoped>
.login {
width: 100vw;
height: 100vh;
position: fixed;
top: 0;
left: 0;
z-index: 10;
background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
}
.box {
width: 400px;
height: 420px;
background-color: white;
border-radius: 10px;
position: relative;
top: calc(50vh - 210px);
left: calc(50vw - 200px);
}
.el-icon-close {
position: absolute;
font-weight: bold;
font-size: 20px;
top: 10px;
right: 10px;
cursor: pointer;
}
.el-icon-close:hover {
color: darkred;
}
.content {
position: absolute;
top: 40px;
width: 280px;
left: 60px;
}
.nav {
font-size: 20px;
height: 38px;
border-bottom: 2px solid darkgrey;
}
.nav > span {
margin: 0 20px 0 35px;
color: darkgrey;
user-select: none;
cursor: pointer;
padding-bottom: 10px;
border-bottom: 2px solid darkgrey;
}
.nav > span.active {
color: black;
border-bottom: 3px solid black;
padding-bottom: 9px;
}
.el-input, .el-button {
margin-top: 40px;
}
.el-button {
width: 100%;
font-size: 18px;
}
.foot > span {
float: right;
margin-top: 20px;
color: orange;
cursor: pointer;
}
.sms {
color: orange;
cursor: pointer;
display: inline-block;
width: 70px;
text-align: center;
user-select: none;
}
</style>
5.2 Register.vue
<template>
<div class="register">
<div class="box">
<i class="el-icon-close" @click="close_register"></i>
<div class="content">
<div class="nav">
<span class="active">新用户注册</span>
</div>
<el-form>
<el-input
placeholder="手机号"
prefix-icon="el-icon-phone-outline"
v-model="mobile"
clearable
@blur="check_mobile">
</el-input>
<el-input
placeholder="密码"
prefix-icon="el-icon-key"
v-model="password"
clearable
show-password>
</el-input>
<el-input
placeholder="验证码"
prefix-icon="el-icon-chat-line-round"
v-model="sms"
clearable>
<template slot="append">
<span class="sms" @click="send_sms">{{ sms_interval }}</span>
</template>
</el-input>
<el-button type="primary" @click="register">注册</el-button>
</el-form>
<div class="foot">
<span @click="go_login">立即登录</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script>
export default {
name: "Register",
data() {
return {
mobile: '',
password: '',
sms: '',
sms_interval: '获取验证码',
is_send: false,
}
},
methods: {
close_register() {
this.$emit('close', false)
},
go_login() {
this.$emit('go')
},
// 用到在看
check_mobile() {
if (!this.mobile) return;
if (!this.mobile.match(/^1[3-9][0-9]{9}$/)) {
this.$message({
message: '手机号有误',
type: 'warning',
duration: 1000,
onClose: () => {
this.mobile = '';
}
});
return false;
}
// 手机号合法的情况，向后端发送请求，检查手机号是否注册过
this.$http.get(this.$settings.base_url + 'user/mobile/?mobile=' + this.mobile).then(res => {
if (res.data.code == 100) {
// 表示用户已经注册了，不需要注册了
this.$message({
message: '该手机号已经注册过，请直接登录！！',
type: 'warning',
duration: 3000,
onClose: () => {
this.mobile = '' // 手机号没有注册过，不能发验证码
this.is_send = false;
}
});
} else {
this.is_send = true; // 通过is_send来标志，能否发送验证码
}
})
},
send_sms() {
if (!this.is_send) return;
this.is_send = false;
let sms_interval_time = 60;
this.sms_interval = "发送中...";
let timer = setInterval(() => {
if (sms_interval_time <= 1) {
clearInterval(timer);
this.sms_interval = "获取验证码";
this.is_send = true; // 重新回复点击发送功能的条件
} else {
sms_interval_time -= 1;
this.sms_interval = `${sms_interval_time}秒后再发`;
}
}, 1000);
// 真正的发送验证码
this.$http.get(this.$settings.base_url + 'user/sms/?mobile=' + this.mobile).then(res => {
this.$message({
message: res.data.msg,
type: 'info',
duration: 3000,
})
})
},
register() {
if (this.mobile && this.sms && this.password) {
this.$http.post(this.$settings.base_url + 'user/register/',
{
mobile: this.mobile,
code: this.sms,
password: this.password
}).then(res => {
console.log(res.data)
if (res.data.code == 100) {
// 直接跳到取登录
this.$emit('go')
} else {
this.$message({
message: res.data.msg,
type: 'warning',
duration: 3000,
});
}
})
}
}
}
}
</script>
<style scoped>
.register {
width: 100vw;
height: 100vh;
position: fixed;
top: 0;
left: 0;
z-index: 10;
background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
}
.box {
width: 400px;
height: 480px;
background-color: white;
border-radius: 10px;
position: relative;
top: calc(50vh - 240px);
left: calc(50vw - 200px);
}
.el-icon-close {
position: absolute;
font-weight: bold;
font-size: 20px;
top: 10px;
right: 10px;
cursor: pointer;
}
.el-icon-close:hover {
color: darkred;
}
.content {
position: absolute;
top: 40px;
width: 280px;
left: 60px;
}
.nav {
font-size: 20px;
height: 38px;
border-bottom: 2px solid darkgrey;
}
.nav > span {
margin-left: 90px;
color: darkgrey;
user-select: none;
cursor: pointer;
padding-bottom: 10px;
border-bottom: 2px solid darkgrey;
}
.nav > span.active {
color: black;
border-bottom: 3px solid black;
padding-bottom: 9px;
}
.el-input, .el-button {
margin-top: 40px;
}
.el-button {
width: 100%;
font-size: 18px;
}
.foot > span {
float: right;
margin-top: 20px;
color: orange;
cursor: pointer;
}
.sms {
color: orange;
cursor: pointer;
display: inline-block;
width: 70px;
text-align: center;
user-select: none;
}
</style>
<template>
<div class="header">
<div class="slogan">
<p>老男孩IT教育 | 帮助有志向的年轻人通过努力学习获得体面的工作和生活</p>
</div>
<div class="nav">
<ul class="left-part">
<li class="logo">
<router-link to="/">
<img src="../assets/img/head-logo.svg" alt="">
</router-link>
</li>
<li class="ele">
<span @click="goPage('/free-course')" :class="{active: url_path === '/free-course'}">免费课</span>
</li>
<li class="ele">
<span @click="goPage('/actual-course')" :class="{active: url_path === '/actual-course'}">实战课</span>
</li>
<li class="ele">
<span @click="goPage('/light-course')" :class="{active: url_path === '/light-course'}">轻课</span>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="right-part">
<div v-if="!token">
<span @click="put_login">登录</span>
<span class="line">|</span>
<span @click="put_register">注册</span>
</div>
<div v-else>
<span>{{username}}</span>
<span class="line">|</span>
<span @click="logout">注销</span>
</div>
</div>
<Login v-if="is_login" @close="close_login" @go="put_register"></Login>
<Register v-if="is_register" @close="close_register" @go="put_login"></Register>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script>
import Login from "./Login";
import Register from "./Register";
export default {
name: "Header",
data() {
return {
url_path: sessionStorage.url_path || '/',
is_login: false,
is_register: false,
token:'',
username:''
}
},
methods: {
goPage(url_path) {
// 已经是当前路由就没有必要重新跳转
if (this.url_path !== url_path) {
this.$router.push(url_path);
}
sessionStorage.url_path = url_path;
},
put_login() {
this.is_login = true;
this.is_register = false;
},
put_register() {
this.is_login = false;
this.is_register = true;
},
close_login() {
this.is_login = false;
this.token=this.$cookies.get('token')
this.username=this.$cookies.get('username')
},
close_register() {
this.is_register = false;
},
logout(){
this.$cookies.remove('token')
this.$cookies.remove('username')
this.token=''
this.username=''
}
},
created() {
// 前端存数据的地方：cookie中：过期时间，借助第三方， sessionStorage：临时存储，页面关闭就没了 localStorage：永久存储，除非客户清理
// sessionStorage.name = 'lqz';
// localStorage.age='19'
sessionStorage.url_path = this.$route.path; // 就是当前页面的url路径后缀: '/'
this.url_path = this.$route.path;
// 取token和username
this.token=this.$cookies.get('token')
this.username=this.$cookies.get('username')
},
components: {
Login,
Register
}
}
</script>
<style scoped>
.header {
background-color: white;
box-shadow: 0 0 5px 0 #aaa;
}
.header:after {
content: "";
display: block;
clear: both;
}
.slogan {
background-color: #eee;
height: 40px;
}
.slogan p {
width: 1200px;
margin: 0 auto;
color: #aaa;
font-size: 13px;
line-height: 40px;
}
.nav {
background-color: white;
user-select: none;
width: 1200px;
margin: 0 auto;
}
.nav ul {
padding: 15px 0;
float: left;
}
.nav ul:after {
clear: both;
content: '';
display: block;
}
.nav ul li {
float: left;
}
.logo {
margin-right: 20px;
}
.ele {
margin: 0 20px;
}
.ele span {
display: block;
font: 15px/36px '微软雅黑';
border-bottom: 2px solid transparent;
cursor: pointer;
}
.ele span:hover {
border-bottom-color: orange;
}
.ele span.active {
color: orange;
border-bottom-color: orange;
}
.right-part {
float: right;
}
.right-part .line {
margin: 0 10px;
}
.right-part span {
line-height: 68px;
cursor: pointer;
}
</style>
