Spring中Bean的后置处理器

以下内容引用自http://wiki.jikexueyuan.com/project/spring/bean-post-processors.html

Bean后置处理器

BeanPostProcessor接口定义回调方法,你可以实现该方法来提供自己的实例化逻辑,依赖解析逻辑等。你也可以在Spring容器通过插入一个或多个BeanPostProcessor的实现来完成实例化,配置和初始化一个bean之后实现一些自定义逻辑回调方法。

你可以配置多个BeanPostProcessor接口,通过设置BeanPostProcessor实现的Ordered接口提供的order属性来控制这些BeanPostProcessor接口的执行顺序。

BeanPostProcessor可以对bean(或对象)实例进行操作,这意味着Spring IoC容器实例化一个bean实例,然后BeanPostProcessor接口进行它们的工作。

ApplicationContext会自动检测由BeanPostProcessor接口的实现定义的bean,注册这些bean为后置处理器,然后通过在容器中创建bean,在适当的时候调用它。

例子:

pom.xml:

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>com.jsoft.testspring</groupId>
  <artifactId>testbeanpostprocessor</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>jar</packaging>

  <name>testbeanpostprocessor</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>3.8.1</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    
    <!-- Spring Core -->
    <!-- http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-core -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
        <version>4.1.4.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
     
    <!-- Spring Context -->
    <!-- http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-context -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
        <version>4.1.4.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    
  </dependencies>
</project>

HelloWorld.java:

package com.jsoft.testspring.testbeanpostprocessor;

public class HelloWorld {
    private String messageString;
    
    public void setMessage(String message){
        this.messageString = message;
    }
    
    public void getMessage(){
        System.out.println(this.messageString);
    }
    
    public void initCustom(){
        System.out.println("初始化");
    }
    
    public void destroyCustom(){
        System.out.println("销毁");
    }
    
}

InitHelloWorld.java:

package com.jsoft.testspring.testbeanpostprocessor;

import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.BeanPostProcessor;

public class InitHelloWorld implements BeanPostProcessor {

    public Object postProcessAfterInitialization(Object arg0, String arg1)
            throws BeansException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        System.out.println("After HelloWorld");
        return arg0;
    }

    public Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object arg0, String arg1)
            throws BeansException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        System.out.println("Before HelloWorld");
        return arg0;
    }

}

这是实现BeanPostProcessor非常简单的例子,它在任何bean的初始化的之前和之后输入该bean的名称。你可以在初始化bean的之前和之后实现更复杂的逻辑,因为你有两个访问内置bean对象的后置处理程序的方法。

beans.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
                        
    <bean id="helloWorld" class="com.jsoft.testspring.testbeanpostprocessor.HelloWorld" init-method="initCustom" destroy-method="destroyCustom">
        <property name="Message" value="Hello World!"></property>
    </bean>    
    
    <bean class="com.jsoft.testspring.testbeanpostprocessor.InitHelloWorld"></bean>
   
</beans>

App.java:

package com.jsoft.testspring.testbeanpostprocessor;

import org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

/**
 * Hello world!
 *
 */
public class App 
{
    public static void main( String[] args )
    {
        AbstractApplicationContext abstractApplicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
        HelloWorld helloWorld = (HelloWorld)abstractApplicationContext.getBean("helloWorld");
        helloWorld.getMessage();
        abstractApplicationContext.registerShutdownHook();
    }
}

在这里,你需要注册一个在AbstractApplicationContext类中声明的关闭hook的registerShutdownHook()方法。它将确保正常关闭,并且调用相关的destroy方法。

测试结果:

总结:

InitHelloWorld类集成自BeanPostProcessor,然后在bean中指定class为InitHelloWorld即可,这里分开写主要是为了展示两个方法的效果,当然这个类的两个方法可以直接写在HelloWorld中,直接在HelloWorld类中集成BeanPostProcessor,然后去实现两个方法。

 

测试工程:https://github.com/easonjim/5_java_example/tree/master/springtest/test6/testbeanpostprocessor

posted @ 2017-05-20 12:00  EasonJim  阅读(4207)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报