10019 - Funny Encryption Method

The Problem

History :
A student from ITESM Campus Monterrey plays with a new encryption method for numbers. These method consist of the following steps:

Steps :  Example
1) Read the number N to encrypt M = 265
2) Interpret N as a decimal number X1= 265 (decimal)
3) Convert the decimal interpretation of N to its binary representation X1= 100001001 (binary)
4) Let b1 be equal to the number of 1’s in this binary representation B1= 3
5) Interpret N as a Hexadecimal number X2 = 265 (hexadecimal)
6) Convert the hexadecimal interpretation of N to its binary representation X2 = 1001100101
7) Let b2 be equal to the number of 1’s in the last binary representation B2 = 5
8) The encryption is the result of  M xor (b1*b2) M xor (3*5) = 262

This student failed Computational Organization, that’s why this student asked the judges of ITESM Campus Monterrey internal ACM programming Contest to ask for the numbers of 1’s bits of this two representations so that he can continue playing.

Task :
You have to write a program that read a Number and give as output the number b1 and b2

The Input

The first line will contain a number N which is the number of cases that you have to process. Each of the following N Lines ( 0<N<=1000) will contain the number M (0<M<=9999, in decimal representation)  which is the number the student wants to encrypt.

The Output

You will have to output N lines, each containing the number b1 and b2 in that order, separated by one space  corresponding to that lines number to crypt

Sample Input

3
265
111
1234

Sample Output

3 5
6 3
5 5

主要问题是十进制和十六进制的数转换成二进制的数，输出二进制数中1的个数

解题思路：直接将十进制数除2取余计算1的个数，而十六进制先转换成十进制再进一步转换计算

 

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int b1,b2,x1,x2,n,a[10]={0,1,1,2,1,2,2,3,1,2};
while(scanf("%d",&n)!=EOF){
while(n--){
           scanf("%d",&x1);
           x2=x1;
           for(b1=0;x1;)
           {
           if(x1%2==1) b1++;
           x1=x1/2;
           }
           printf("%d ",b1);
           for(b2=0;x2;)
           {
           b2+=a[x2%10];
           x2/=10;
           }
           printf("%d\n",b2);
}
}
return 0;
}