Spring的DI(Ioc) - 注入bean 和 基本数据类型
注入bean有两种方式：
注入其他bean： 方式一 <bean id="orderDao" class="cn.itcast.service.OrderDaoBean"/> <bean id="orderService" class="cn.itcast.service.OrderServiceBean"> <property name="orderDao" ref="orderDao"/> </bean> 方式二(使用内部bean,但该bean不能被其他bean使用) <bean id="orderService" class="cn.itcast.service.OrderServiceBean"> <property name="orderDao"> <bean class="cn.itcast.service.OrderDaoBean"/> </property> </bean>
一般我们的工程在service层依赖dao层的实现来实现业务逻辑。
service层：
public class PersonServiceImpl implements PersonService {
private PersonDao personDao;
@Override
public void save() {
personDao.save();
System.out.println("service : " + " save 方法");
}
public PersonDao getPersonDao() {
return personDao;
}
public void setPersonDao(PersonDao personDao) {
this.personDao = personDao;
}
}
dao层：
public class PersonDaoImpl implements PersonDao {
@Override
public void save() {
System.out.println("dao层的save方法");
}
}
beans.xml的配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd">
<bean id="personDaoImpl" class="cn.gbx.dao.PersonDaoImpl"></bean>
<bean id="personServiceImpl" class="cn.gbx.serviceimpl.PersonServiceImpl" >
<property name="personDao" ref="personDaoImpl"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
测试方法：
public class SpringTest {
@Test
public void spring1() {
ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
PersonService ps = (PersonService)ctx.getBean("personServiceImpl");
ps.save();
}
}
然后我们就实现了Spring对bean对象的依赖注入。 service层所依赖的dao层的PersonDao对象不是由service本身去创建管理，而是交给了第三方容器Spring去管理。
那么Spring是如何管理的呢？
我们可想而知
1： 首先必须解析XML 将 <bean>标签和 <property>标签都解析出来
2： 利用反射实例话对象
3： 利用内省将实例化完成的对象注入到有依赖的对象里面
我们可以自己模拟实现：
package cn.gbx.myExample;
import java.beans.BeanInfo;
import java.beans.IntrospectionException;
import java.beans.Introspector;
import java.beans.PropertyDescriptor;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import org.apache.commons.beanutils.ConvertUtils;
import org.dom4j.Document;
import org.dom4j.DocumentException;
import org.dom4j.Element;
import org.dom4j.XPath;
import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;
public class MyClassPathXmlApplicationContext {
private List<DefBean> defBeans = new ArrayList<DefBean>(); //存储<bean>标签的信息
private Map<String, Object> singltons = new HashMap<String, Object>(); //存储读出来的对象
public MyClassPathXmlApplicationContext() {
super();
}
public MyClassPathXmlApplicationContext(String filename) {
this.readXML(filename);
this.instanceBean();
this.injectProperty();
}
//利用内省将属性注入
private void injectProperty() {
for (DefBean defBean : defBeans) {
Object bean = singltons.get(defBean.getId());
if (bean != null) {
//要想将依赖的对象注入，我们就要通过内省来操作对象的属性
try {
BeanInfo beanInfo = Introspector.getBeanInfo(bean.getClass());
PropertyDescriptor[] ps = beanInfo.getPropertyDescriptors();
for (DefProperty p : defBean.getDefPropertys()) {
for (PropertyDescriptor propertyDes : ps) {
if (propertyDes.getName().equals(p.getName())) {
Method setter = propertyDes.getWriteMethod();
if (setter != null) {
Object value = null;
if (p.getRef() != null && !"".equals(p.getRef())) {
value = singltons.get(p.getRef());
} else { //基本数据类型利用beanUtils实现转化
value = ConvertUtils.convert(p.getValue(),propertyDes.getPropertyType());
}
setter.setAccessible(true); //这样即使set方法是私有的都可以访问
setter.invoke(bean, value); //把引用对象注入到bean属性里面
}
break;
}
}
}
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
//利用反射实例化对象
private void instanceBean() {
for (DefBean bean : defBeans) {
//输出测试读取的xml
/*System.out.println(bean.getId() + " : " + bean.getClassName());
System.out.println("------------------------");
for (DefProperty p : bean.getDefPropertys()) {
System.out.println("Property : name = " + p.getName() + " : ref = " + p.getRef());
}
*/
if (bean.getClassName() != null && !"".equals(bean.getClassName())) {
try {
singltons.put(bean.getId(), Class.forName(bean.getClassName()).newInstance());
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
private void readXML(String filename) {
SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();
Document document = null;
URL xmlPath = this.getClass().getClassLoader().getResource(filename);
try {
document = reader.read(xmlPath);
//创建命名空间
Map<String, String> nsMap = new HashMap<String, String>();
nsMap.put("ns", "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans");
//创建查询路径
XPath xsub = document.createXPath("//ns:beans/ns:bean");
xsub.setNamespaceURIs(nsMap); // 设置命名空间
List<Element> elements = xsub.selectNodes(document);
DefBean defBean = null;
for (Element e : elements) {
String id = e.attributeValue("id");
String className = e.attributeValue("class");
defBean = new DefBean(id, className);
//为<bean>节点设置查询路径
XPath xPropertySub = e.createXPath("ns:property");
xPropertySub.setNamespaceURIs(nsMap);
List<Element> propertys = xPropertySub.selectNodes(e);
DefProperty defProperty = null;
for (Element e2 : propertys) {
String name = e2.attributeValue("name");
String ref = e2.attributeValue("ref");
String value = e2.attributeValue("value");
defProperty = new DefProperty(name, ref, value);
defBean.getDefPropertys().add(defProperty);
}
defBeans.add(defBean);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public Object getBean(String key) {
return singltons.get(key);
}
}
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd">
<bean id="personDaoImpl" class="cn.gbx.dao.PersonDaoImpl"></bean>
<bean id="personServiceImpl" class="cn.gbx.serviceimpl.PersonServiceImpl" >
<property name="personDao" ref="personDaoImpl"></property>
<property name="name" value="ok-gbx"></property>
<property name="id" value="22"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
