可为NULL的值类型
1.检查是否可空
1.1 判断该值指示 Nullable 对象是否具有基础类型的有效值
int? b = 10;
if (b.HasValue) { Console.WriteLine($"b is {b.Value}"); }
//若 b = null
else { Console.WriteLine("b does not have a value"); }
Console.ReadLine();
// Output:
// b is 10
1.2 将可为空的值类型的变量与 null 进行比较
int? c = 7;
if (c != null)
{
Console.WriteLine($"c is {c.Value}");
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("c does not have a value");
}
// Output:
// c is 7
2.可空类型转换 ??
2.1 使用 Null合并操作符 进行类型转换
int? a = 28;
int b = a ?? -1;
Console.WriteLine($"b is {b}"); // output: b is 28
int? c = null;
int d = c ?? -1;
Console.WriteLine($"d is {d}"); // output: d is -1
解释
??(空合并运算符): a??b 当a为null时则返回b,a不为null时则返回a本身
2.2 使用基础值类型强转
int? n = null;
//int m1 = n; // Doesn't compile
int n2 = (int)n; // Compiles, but throws an exception if n is null
在运行时,如果可为空的值类型的值为 null,则显式强制转换将抛出 InvalidOperationException
3.空合并运算符
3.1 以前写法
static void Main(string[] args)
{
int? a = null;
if (a == null)
{
a = 4;
}
Console.WriteLine(a);
Console.Read();
}
// Output: a = 4
3.2 使用 ??
static void Main(string[] args)
{
int? a = null;
a ??= 5;
Console.WriteLine(a);
Console.Read();
}
// Output: a = 5