Centos7.9安装Mysql5.7.38

环境：Centos7.9 ，mysql5.7.38

软件包：mysql官方下载tar包

下载地址：https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/

0x00.创建软件包上传目录

mkdir /soft
wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-5.7.38-el7-x86_64.tar
#解压
tar -xvf mysql-5.7.38-el7-x86_64.tar -C /usr/local
cd /usr/local/ && mv mysql-5.7.38-el7-x86_64 myql

0x01.安装mysql需要用到的依赖包libaio，该依赖包可提高数据库IO性能

yum install -y libaio

0x02.创建mysql系统用户，用于管理mysql数据库，尽量不使用root用户去参与软件应用

#创建mysql用户组
groupadd mysql
#创建mysql用户,系统用户用来跑服务
useradd -r -g mysql -s /sbin/nologin mysql

0x03. 更改目录属主和属组

chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql

编辑my.cnf文件

vi /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]
user=mysql
port = 3306
socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
datadir = /var/lib/mysql
character-set-server=utf8
server-id = 1
max_connections = 1000
group_concat_max_len = 102400
max_connect_errors = 10
table_open_cache = 4096
event_scheduler = ON
skip-name-resolve
lower_case_table_names = 1
max_allowed_packet = 64M
binlog_cache_size = 32M
max_heap_table_size = 256M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 64M
sort_buffer_size = 256M
join_buffer_size = 512M
thread_cache_size = 300
log_bin_trust_function_creators=1
key_buffer_size = 256M
read_buffer_size = 32M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 128M
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 512M
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
######READ-UNCOMMITTED, READ-COMMITTED, REPEATABLE-READ, SERIALIZABLE
transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED
tmp_table_size = 512M
log-bin=mysql-bin
binlog_format=mixed
expire_logs_days = 15
slow_query_log = 1
slow_query_log_file = /var/lib/mysql/slow.log
long_query_time = 5
####### InnoDB
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 512M
innodb_thread_concurrency = 16
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2
innodb_log_buffer_size = 32M
innodb_log_file_size = 1024M
innodb_log_files_in_group = 4
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120
#innodb_force_recovery=1
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 64M
[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
[myisamchk]
key_buffer = 16M
sort_buffer_size = 16M
read_buffer = 8M
write_buffer = 8M
[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout
[mysqld_safe]
open-files-limit = 65535
log-error=/var/lib/mysql/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/lib/mysql/mysqld.pid

0x04. 初始化mysql

首先配置环境变量

vi /root/.bashrc
#在文末追加
export path=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH

#使配置生效
source /root/.bashrc

cd /usr/local/mysql
bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql
#注意查看随机生成的密码
grep "temporary password" /var/log/mysql
#安装加密算法,本次不安装
bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup
#使用systemctl控制mysql服务的启停

#编辑 /etc/systemd/system/mysqld.service
vi /etc/systemd/system/mysqld.service
#以下是文件内容，注意修改启动路径以及配置文件路径
[Unit]
Description=Mysql Server5.7
After=network.service
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql
Type=forking
TimeoutSec=0
PermissionsStartOnly=true
ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --daemonize
LimitNOFILE=5000
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=10
RestartPreventExitStatus=1
PrivateTmp=false

#启动之前创建mysql的sock的软连接

ln -s /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock /tmp/mysql.sock

#启动并使用临时密码登录mysql

systemctl start mysqld.service
systemctl enable mysqld.service
mysql -uroot -p
#修改密码
set password='xxxxxx';

至此，mysql5.7 安装完毕