机器学习专业名词中英文对照

activation 激活值 
activation function 激活函数 
additive noise 加性噪声 
autoencoder 自编码器 
Autoencoders 自编码算法 
average firing rate 平均激活率 
average sum-of-squares error 均方差 
backpropagation 后向传播 
basis 基 
basis feature vectors 特征基向量 
batch gradient ascent 批量梯度上升法 
Bayesian regularization method 贝叶斯规则化方法 
Bernoulli random variable 伯努利随机变量 
bias term 偏置项 
binary classfication 二元分类 
class labels 类型标记 
concatenation 级联 
conjugate gradient 共轭梯度 
contiguous groups 联通区域 
convex optimization software 凸优化软件 
convolution 卷积 
cost function 代价函数 
covariance matrix 协方差矩阵 
DC component 直流分量 
decorrelation 去相关 
degeneracy 退化 
demensionality reduction 降维 
derivative 导函数 
diagonal 对角线 
diffusion of gradients 梯度的弥散 
eigenvalue 特征值 
eigenvector 特征向量 
error term 残差 
feature matrix 特征矩阵 
feature standardization 特征标准化 
feedforward architectures 前馈结构算法 
feedforward neural network 前馈神经网络 
feedforward pass 前馈传导 
fine-tuned 微调 
first-order feature 一阶特征 
forward pass 前向传导 
forward propagation 前向传播 
Gaussian prior 高斯先验概率 
generative model 生成模型 
gradient descent 梯度下降 
Greedy layer-wise training 逐层贪婪训练方法 
grouping matrix 分组矩阵 
Hadamard product 阿达马乘积 
Hessian matrix Hessian 矩阵 
hidden layer 隐含层 
hidden units 隐藏神经元 
Hierarchical grouping 层次型分组 
higher-order features 更高阶特征 
highly non-convex optimization problem 高度非凸的优化问题 
histogram 直方图 
hyperbolic tangent 双曲正切函数 
hypothesis 估值，假设 
identity activation function 恒等激励函数 
IID 独立同分布 
illumination 照明 
inactive 抑制 
independent component analysis 独立成份分析 
input domains 输入域 
input layer 输入层 
intensity 亮度/灰度 
intercept term 截距 
KL divergence 相对熵 
KL divergence KL分散度 
k-Means K-均值 
learning rate 学习速率 
least squares 最小二乘法 
linear correspondence 线性响应 
linear superposition 线性叠加 
line-search algorithm 线搜索算法 
local mean subtraction 局部均值消减 
local optima 局部最优解 
logistic regression 逻辑回归 
loss function 损失函数 
low-pass filtering 低通滤波 
magnitude 幅值 
MAP 极大后验估计 
maximum likelihood estimation 极大似然估计 
mean 平均值 
MFCC Mel 倒频系数 
multi-class classification 多元分类 
neural networks 神经网络 
neuron 神经元 
Newton’s method 牛顿法 
non-convex function 非凸函数 
non-linear feature 非线性特征 
norm 范式 
norm bounded 有界范数 
norm constrained 范数约束 
normalization 归一化 
numerical roundoff errors 数值舍入误差 
numerically checking 数值检验 
numerically reliable 数值计算上稳定 
object detection 物体检测 
objective function 目标函数 
off-by-one error 缺位错误 
orthogonalization 正交化 
output layer 输出层 
overall cost function 总体代价函数 
over-complete basis 超完备基 
over-fitting 过拟合 
parts of objects 目标的部件 
part-whole decompostion 部分-整体分解 
PCA 主元分析 
penalty term 惩罚因子 
per-example mean subtraction 逐样本均值消减 
pooling 池化 
pretrain 预训练 
principal components analysis 主成份分析 
quadratic constraints 二次约束 
RBMs 受限Boltzman机 
reconstruction based models 基于重构的模型 
reconstruction cost 重建代价 
reconstruction term 重构项 
redundant 冗余 
reflection matrix 反射矩阵 
regularization 正则化 
regularization term 正则化项 
rescaling 缩放 
robust 鲁棒性 
run 行程 
second-order feature 二阶特征 
sigmoid activation function S型激励函数 
significant digits 有效数字 
singular value 奇异值 
singular vector 奇异向量 
smoothed L1 penalty 平滑的L1范数惩罚 
Smoothed topographic L1 sparsity penalty 平滑地形L1稀疏惩罚函数 
smoothing 平滑 
Softmax Regresson Softmax回归 
sorted in decreasing order 降序排列 
source features 源特征 
sparse autoencoder 消减归一化 
Sparsity 稀疏性 
sparsity parameter 稀疏性参数 
sparsity penalty 稀疏惩罚 
square function 平方函数 
squared-error 方差 
stationary 平稳性（不变性） 
stationary stochastic process 平稳随机过程 
step-size 步长值 
supervised learning 监督学习 
symmetric positive semi-definite matrix 对称半正定矩阵 
symmetry breaking 对称失效 
tanh function 双曲正切函数 
the average activation 平均活跃度 
the derivative checking method 梯度验证方法 
the empirical distribution 经验分布函数 
the energy function 能量函数 
the Lagrange dual 拉格朗日对偶函数 
the log likelihood 对数似然函数 
the pixel intensity value 像素灰度值 
the rate of convergence 收敛速度 
topographic cost term 拓扑代价项 
topographic ordered 拓扑秩序 
transformation 变换 
translation invariant 平移不变性 
trivial answer 平凡解 
under-complete basis 不完备基 
unrolling 组合扩展 
unsupervised learning 无监督学习 
variance 方差 
vecotrized implementation 向量化实现 
vectorization 矢量化 
visual cortex 视觉皮层 
weight decay 权重衰减 
weighted average 加权平均值 
whitening 白化 
zero-mean 均值为零

Letter A

Accumulated error backpropagation 累积误差逆传播 
Activation Function 激活函数 
Adaptive Resonance Theory/ART 自适应谐振理论 
Addictive model 加性学习 
Adversarial Networks 对抗网络 
Affine Layer 仿射层 
Affinity matrix 亲和矩阵 
Agent 代理 / 智能体 
Algorithm 算法 
Alpha-beta pruning α-β剪枝 
Anomaly detection 异常检测 
Approximation 近似 
Area Under ROC Curve／AUC Roc 曲线下面积 
Artificial General Intelligence/AGI 通用人工智能 
Artificial Intelligence/AI 人工智能 
Association analysis 关联分析 
Attention mechanism 注意力机制 
Attribute conditional independence assumption 属性条件独立性假设 
Attribute space 属性空间 
Attribute value 属性值 
Autoencoder 自编码器 
Automatic speech recognition 自动语音识别 
Automatic summarization 自动摘要 
Average gradient 平均梯度 
Average-Pooling 平均池化

Letter B

Backpropagation Through Time 通过时间的反向传播 
Backpropagation/BP 反向传播 
Base learner 基学习器 
Base learning algorithm 基学习算法 
Batch Normalization/BN 批量归一化 
Bayes decision rule 贝叶斯判定准则 
Bayes Model Averaging／BMA 贝叶斯模型平均 
Bayes optimal classifier 贝叶斯最优分类器 
Bayesian decision theory 贝叶斯决策论 
Bayesian network 贝叶斯网络 
Between-class scatter matrix 类间散度矩阵 
Bias 偏置 / 偏差 
Bias-variance decomposition 偏差-方差分解 
Bias-Variance Dilemma 偏差 – 方差困境 
Bi-directional Long-Short Term Memory/Bi-LSTM 双向长短期记忆 
Binary classification 二分类 
Binomial test 二项检验 
Bi-partition 二分法 
Boltzmann machine 玻尔兹曼机 
Bootstrap sampling 自助采样法／可重复采样／有放回采样 
Bootstrapping 自助法 
Break-Event Point／BEP 平衡点

Letter C

Calibration 校准 
Cascade-Correlation 级联相关 
Categorical attribute 离散属性 
Class-conditional probability 类条件概率 
Classification and regression tree/CART 分类与回归树 
Classifier 分类器 
Class-imbalance 类别不平衡 
Closed -form 闭式 
Cluster 簇/类/集群 
Cluster analysis 聚类分析 
Clustering 聚类 
Clustering ensemble 聚类集成 
Co-adapting 共适应 
Coding matrix 编码矩阵 
COLT 国际学习理论会议 
Committee-based learning 基于委员会的学习 
Competitive learning 竞争型学习 
Component learner 组件学习器 
Comprehensibility 可解释性 
Computation Cost 计算成本 
Computational Linguistics 计算语言学 
Computer vision 计算机视觉 
Concept drift 概念漂移 
Concept Learning System /CLS 概念学习系统 
Conditional entropy 条件熵 
Conditional mutual information 条件互信息 
Conditional Probability Table／CPT 条件概率表 
Conditional random field/CRF 条件随机场 
Conditional risk 条件风险 
Confidence 置信度 
Confusion matrix 混淆矩阵 
Connection weight 连接权 
Connectionism 连结主义 
Consistency 一致性／相合性 
Contingency table 列联表 
Continuous attribute 连续属性 
Convergence 收敛 
Conversational agent 会话智能体 
Convex quadratic programming 凸二次规划 
Convexity 凸性 
Convolutional neural network/CNN 卷积神经网络 
Co-occurrence 同现 
Correlation coefficient 相关系数 
Cosine similarity 余弦相似度 
Cost curve 成本曲线 
Cost Function 成本函数 
Cost matrix 成本矩阵 
Cost-sensitive 成本敏感 
Cross entropy 交叉熵 
Cross validation 交叉验证 
Crowdsourcing 众包 
Curse of dimensionality 维数灾难 
Cut point 截断点 
Cutting plane algorithm 割平面法

Letter D

Data mining 数据挖掘 
Data set 数据集 
Decision Boundary 决策边界 
Decision stump 决策树桩 
Decision tree 决策树／判定树 
Deduction 演绎 
Deep Belief Network 深度信念网络 
Deep Convolutional Generative Adversarial Network/DCGAN 深度卷积生成对抗网络 
Deep learning 深度学习 
Deep neural network/DNN 深度神经网络 
Deep Q-Learning 深度 Q 学习 
Deep Q-Network 深度 Q 网络 
Density estimation 密度估计 
Density-based clustering 密度聚类 
Differentiable neural computer 可微分神经计算机 
Dimensionality reduction algorithm 降维算法 
Directed edge 有向边 
Disagreement measure 不合度量 
Discriminative model 判别模型 
Discriminator 判别器 
Distance measure 距离度量 
Distance metric learning 距离度量学习 
Distribution 分布 
Divergence 散度 
Diversity measure 多样性度量／差异性度量 
Domain adaption 领域自适应 
Downsampling 下采样 
D-separation （Directed separation） 有向分离 
Dual problem 对偶问题 
Dummy node 哑结点 
Dynamic Fusion 动态融合 
Dynamic programming 动态规划

Letter E

Eigenvalue decomposition 特征值分解 
Embedding 嵌入 
Emotional analysis 情绪分析 
Empirical conditional entropy 经验条件熵 
Empirical entropy 经验熵 
Empirical error 经验误差 
Empirical risk 经验风险 
End-to-End 端到端 
Energy-based model 基于能量的模型 
Ensemble learning 集成学习 
Ensemble pruning 集成修剪 
Error Correcting Output Codes／ECOC 纠错输出码 
Error rate 错误率 
Error-ambiguity decomposition 误差-分歧分解 
Euclidean distance 欧氏距离 
Evolutionary computation 演化计算 
Expectation-Maximization 期望最大化 
Expected loss 期望损失 
Exploding Gradient Problem 梯度爆炸问题 
Exponential loss function 指数损失函数 
Extreme Learning Machine/ELM 超限学习机

Letter F

Factorization 因子分解 
False negative 假负类 
False positive 假正类 
False Positive Rate/FPR 假正例率 
Feature engineering 特征工程 
Feature selection 特征选择 
Feature vector 特征向量 
Featured Learning 特征学习 
Feedforward Neural Networks/FNN 前馈神经网络 
Fine-tuning 微调 
Flipping output 翻转法 
Fluctuation 震荡 
Forward stagewise algorithm 前向分步算法 
Frequentist 频率主义学派 
Full-rank matrix 满秩矩阵 
Functional neuron 功能神经元

Letter G

Gain ratio 增益率 
Game theory 博弈论 
Gaussian kernel function 高斯核函数 
Gaussian Mixture Model 高斯混合模型 
General Problem Solving 通用问题求解 
Generalization 泛化 
Generalization error 泛化误差 
Generalization error bound 泛化误差上界 
Generalized Lagrange function 广义拉格朗日函数 
Generalized linear model 广义线性模型 
Generalized Rayleigh quotient 广义瑞利商 
Generative Adversarial Networks/GAN 生成对抗网络 
Generative Model 生成模型 
Generator 生成器 
Genetic Algorithm/GA 遗传算法 
Gibbs sampling 吉布斯采样 
Gini index 基尼指数 
Global minimum 全局最小 
Global Optimization 全局优化 
Gradient boosting 梯度提升 
Gradient Descent 梯度下降 
Graph theory 图论 
Ground-truth 真相／真实

Letter H

Hard margin 硬间隔 
Hard voting 硬投票 
Harmonic mean 调和平均 
Hesse matrix 海塞矩阵 
Hidden dynamic model 隐动态模型 
Hidden layer 隐藏层 
Hidden Markov Model/HMM 隐马尔可夫模型 
Hierarchical clustering 层次聚类 
Hilbert space 希尔伯特空间 
Hinge loss function 合页损失函数 
Hold-out 留出法 
Homogeneous 同质 
Hybrid computing 混合计算 
Hyperparameter 超参数 
Hypothesis 假设 
Hypothesis test 假设验证

Letter I

ICML 国际机器学习会议 
Improved iterative scaling/IIS 改进的迭代尺度法 
Incremental learning 增量学习 
Independent and identically distributed/i.i.d. 独立同分布 
Independent Component Analysis/ICA 独立成分分析 
Indicator function 指示函数 
Individual learner 个体学习器 
Induction 归纳 
Inductive bias 归纳偏好 
Inductive learning 归纳学习 
Inductive Logic Programming／ILP 归纳逻辑程序设计 
Information entropy 信息熵 
Information gain 信息增益 
Input layer 输入层 
Insensitive loss 不敏感损失 
Inter-cluster similarity 簇间相似度 
International Conference for Machine Learning/ICML 国际机器学习大会 
Intra-cluster similarity 簇内相似度 
Intrinsic value 固有值 
Isometric Mapping/Isomap 等度量映射 
Isotonic regression 等分回归 
Iterative Dichotomiser 迭代二分器

Letter K

Kernel method 核方法 
Kernel trick 核技巧 
Kernelized Linear Discriminant Analysis／KLDA 核线性判别分析 
K-fold cross validation k 折交叉验证／k 倍交叉验证 
K-Means Clustering K – 均值聚类 
K-Nearest Neighbours Algorithm/KNN K近邻算法 
Knowledge base 知识库 
Knowledge Representation 知识表征

Letter L

Label space 标记空间 
Lagrange duality 拉格朗日对偶性 
Lagrange multiplier 拉格朗日乘子 
Laplace smoothing 拉普拉斯平滑 
Laplacian correction 拉普拉斯修正 
Latent Dirichlet Allocation 隐狄利克雷分布 
Latent semantic analysis 潜在语义分析 
Latent variable 隐变量 
Lazy learning 懒惰学习 
Learner 学习器 
Learning by analogy 类比学习 
Learning rate 学习率 
Learning Vector Quantization/LVQ 学习向量量化 
Least squares regression tree 最小二乘回归树 
Leave-One-Out/LOO 留一法 
linear chain conditional random field 线性链条件随机场 
Linear Discriminant Analysis／LDA 线性判别分析 
Linear model 线性模型 
Linear Regression 线性回归 
Link function 联系函数 
Local Markov property 局部马尔可夫性 
Local minimum 局部最小 
Log likelihood 对数似然 
Log odds／logit 对数几率 
Logistic Regression Logistic 回归 
Log-likelihood 对数似然 
Log-linear regression 对数线性回归 
Long-Short Term Memory/LSTM 长短期记忆 
Loss function 损失函数

Letter M

Machine translation/MT 机器翻译 
Macron-P 宏查准率 
Macron-R 宏查全率 
Majority voting 绝对多数投票法 
Manifold assumption 流形假设 
Manifold learning 流形学习 
Margin theory 间隔理论 
Marginal distribution 边际分布 
Marginal independence 边际独立性 
Marginalization 边际化 
Markov Chain Monte Carlo/MCMC 马尔可夫链蒙特卡罗方法 
Markov Random Field 马尔可夫随机场 
Maximal clique 最大团 
Maximum Likelihood Estimation/MLE 极大似然估计／极大似然法 
Maximum margin 最大间隔 
Maximum weighted spanning tree 最大带权生成树 
Max-Pooling 最大池化 
Mean squared error 均方误差 
Meta-learner 元学习器 
Metric learning 度量学习 
Micro-P 微查准率 
Micro-R 微查全率 
Minimal Description Length/MDL 最小描述长度 
Minimax game 极小极大博弈 
Misclassification cost 误分类成本 
Mixture of experts 混合专家 
Momentum 动量 
Moral graph 道德图／端正图 
Multi-class classification 多分类 
Multi-document summarization 多文档摘要 
Multi-layer feedforward neural networks 多层前馈神经网络 
Multilayer Perceptron/MLP 多层感知器 
Multimodal learning 多模态学习 
Multiple Dimensional Scaling 多维缩放 
Multiple linear regression 多元线性回归 
Multi-response Linear Regression ／MLR 多响应线性回归 
Mutual information 互信息

Letter N

Naive bayes 朴素贝叶斯 
Naive Bayes Classifier 朴素贝叶斯分类器 
Named entity recognition 命名实体识别 
Nash equilibrium 纳什均衡 
Natural language generation/NLG 自然语言生成 
Natural language processing 自然语言处理 
Negative class 负类 
Negative correlation 负相关法 
Negative Log Likelihood 负对数似然 
Neighbourhood Component Analysis/NCA 近邻成分分析 
Neural Machine Translation 神经机器翻译 
Neural Turing Machine 神经图灵机 
Newton method 牛顿法 
NIPS 国际神经信息处理系统会议 
No Free Lunch Theorem／NFL 没有免费的午餐定理 
Noise-contrastive estimation 噪音对比估计 
Nominal attribute 列名属性 
Non-convex optimization 非凸优化 
Nonlinear model 非线性模型 
Non-metric distance 非度量距离 
Non-negative matrix factorization 非负矩阵分解 
Non-ordinal attribute 无序属性 
Non-Saturating Game 非饱和博弈 
Norm 范数 
Normalization 归一化 
Nuclear norm 核范数 
Numerical attribute 数值属性

Letter O

Objective function 目标函数 
Oblique decision tree 斜决策树 
Occam’s razor 奥卡姆剃刀 
Odds 几率 
Off-Policy 离策略 
One shot learning 一次性学习 
One-Dependent Estimator／ODE 独依赖估计 
On-Policy 在策略 
Ordinal attribute 有序属性 
Out-of-bag estimate 包外估计 
Output layer 输出层 
Output smearing 输出调制法 
Overfitting 过拟合／过配 
Oversampling 过采样

Letter P

Paired t-test 成对 t 检验 
Pairwise 成对型 
Pairwise Markov property 成对马尔可夫性 
Parameter 参数 
Parameter estimation 参数估计 
Parameter tuning 调参 
Parse tree 解析树 
Particle Swarm Optimization/PSO 粒子群优化算法 
Part-of-speech tagging 词性标注 
Perceptron 感知机 
Performance measure 性能度量 
Plug and Play Generative Network 即插即用生成网络 
Plurality voting 相对多数投票法 
Polarity detection 极性检测 
Polynomial kernel function 多项式核函数 
Pooling 池化 
Positive class 正类 
Positive definite matrix 正定矩阵 
Post-hoc test 后续检验 
Post-pruning 后剪枝 
potential function 势函数 
Precision 查准率／准确率 
Prepruning 预剪枝 
Principal component analysis/PCA 主成分分析 
Principle of multiple explanations 多释原则 
Prior 先验 
Probability Graphical Model 概率图模型 
Proximal Gradient Descent/PGD 近端梯度下降 
Pruning 剪枝 
Pseudo-label 伪标记

Letter Q

Quantized Neural Network 量子化神经网络 
Quantum computer 量子计算机 
Quantum Computing 量子计算 
Quasi Newton method 拟牛顿法

Letter R

Radial Basis Function／RBF 径向基函数 
Random Forest Algorithm 随机森林算法 
Random walk 随机漫步 
Recall 查全率／召回率 
Receiver Operating Characteristic/ROC 受试者工作特征 
Rectified Linear Unit/ReLU 线性修正单元 
Recurrent Neural Network 循环神经网络 
Recursive neural network 递归神经网络 
Reference model 参考模型 
Regression 回归 
Regularization 正则化 
Reinforcement learning/RL 强化学习 
Representation learning 表征学习 
Representer theorem 表示定理 
reproducing kernel Hilbert space/RKHS 再生核希尔伯特空间 
Re-sampling 重采样法 
Rescaling 再缩放 
Residual Mapping 残差映射 
Residual Network 残差网络 
Restricted Boltzmann Machine/RBM 受限玻尔兹曼机 
Restricted Isometry Property/RIP 限定等距性 
Re-weighting 重赋权法 
Robustness 稳健性/鲁棒性 
Root node 根结点 
Rule Engine 规则引擎 
Rule learning 规则学习

Letter S

Saddle point 鞍点 
Sample space 样本空间 
Sampling 采样 
Score function 评分函数 
Self-Driving 自动驾驶 
Self-Organizing Map／SOM 自组织映射 
Semi-naive Bayes classifiers 半朴素贝叶斯分类器 
Semi-Supervised Learning 半监督学习 
semi-Supervised Support Vector Machine 半监督支持向量机 
Sentiment analysis 情感分析 
Separating hyperplane 分离超平面 
Sigmoid function Sigmoid 函数 
Similarity measure 相似度度量 
Simulated annealing 模拟退火 
Simultaneous localization and mapping 同步定位与地图构建 
Singular Value Decomposition 奇异值分解 
Slack variables 松弛变量 
Smoothing 平滑 
Soft margin 软间隔 
Soft margin maximization 软间隔最大化 
Soft voting 软投票 
Sparse representation 稀疏表征 
Sparsity 稀疏性 
Specialization 特化 
Spectral Clustering 谱聚类 
Speech Recognition 语音识别 
Splitting variable 切分变量 
Squashing function 挤压函数 
Stability-plasticity dilemma 可塑性-稳定性困境 
Statistical learning 统计学习 
Status feature function 状态特征函 
Stochastic gradient descent 随机梯度下降 
Stratified sampling 分层采样 
Structural risk 结构风险 
Structural risk minimization/SRM 结构风险最小化 
Subspace 子空间 
Supervised learning 监督学习／有导师学习 
support vector expansion 支持向量展式 
Support Vector Machine/SVM 支持向量机 
Surrogat loss 替代损失 
Surrogate function 替代函数 
Symbolic learning 符号学习 
Symbolism 符号主义 
Synset 同义词集

Letter T

T-Distribution Stochastic Neighbour Embedding/t-SNE T – 分布随机近邻嵌入 
Tensor 张量 
Tensor Processing Units/TPU 张量处理单元 
The least square method 最小二乘法 
Threshold 阈值 
Threshold logic unit 阈值逻辑单元 
Threshold-moving 阈值移动 
Time Step 时间步骤 
Tokenization 标记化 
Training error 训练误差 
Training instance 训练示例／训练例 
Transductive learning 直推学习 
Transfer learning 迁移学习 
Treebank 树库 
Tria-by-error 试错法 
True negative 真负类 
True positive 真正类 
True Positive Rate/TPR 真正例率 
Turing Machine 图灵机 
Twice-learning 二次学习

Letter U

Underfitting 欠拟合／欠配 
Undersampling 欠采样 
Understandability 可理解性 
Unequal cost 非均等代价 
Unit-step function 单位阶跃函数 
Univariate decision tree 单变量决策树 
Unsupervised learning 无监督学习／无导师学习 
Unsupervised layer-wise training 无监督逐层训练 
Upsampling 上采样

Letter V

Vanishing Gradient Problem 梯度消失问题 
Variational inference 变分推断 
VC Theory VC维理论 
Version space 版本空间 
Viterbi algorithm 维特比算法 
Von Neumann architecture 冯 · 诺伊曼架构

Letter W

Wasserstein GAN/WGAN Wasserstein生成对抗网络 
Weak learner 弱学习器 
Weight 权重 
Weight sharing 权共享 
Weighted voting 加权投票法 
Within-class scatter matrix 类内散度矩阵 
Word embedding 词嵌入 
Word sense disambiguation 词义消歧

Letter Z

Zero-data learning 零数据学习 
Zero-shot learning 零次学习

A

approximations近似值 
arbitrary随意的 
affine仿射的 
arbitrary任意的 
amino acid氨基酸 
amenable经得起检验的 
axiom公理，原则 
abstract提取 
architecture架构，体系结构；建造业 
absolute绝对的 
arsenal军火库 
assignment分配 
algebra线性代数 
asymptotically无症状的 
appropriate恰当的

B

bias偏差 
brevity简短，简洁；短暂 
broader广泛 
briefly简短的 
batch批量

C

convergence 收敛，集中到一点 
convex凸的 
contours轮廓 
constraint约束 
constant常理 
commercial商务的 
complementarity补充 
coordinate ascent同等级上升 
clipping剪下物；剪报；修剪 
component分量；部件 
continuous连续的 
covariance协方差 
canonical正规的，正则的 
concave非凸的 
corresponds相符合；相当；通信 
corollary推论 
concrete具体的事物，实在的东西 
cross validation交叉验证 
correlation相互关系 
convention约定 
cluster一簇 
centroids 质心，形心 
converge收敛 
computationally计算(机)的 
calculus计算

D

derive获得，取得 
dual二元的 
duality二元性；二象性；对偶性 
derivation求导；得到；起源 
denote预示，表示，是…的标志；意味着，[逻]指称 
divergence 散度；发散性 
dimension尺度，规格；维数 
dot小圆点 
distortion变形 
density概率密度函数 
discrete离散的 
discriminative有识别能力的 
diagonal对角 
dispersion分散，散开 
determinant决定因素 
disjoint不相交的

E

encounter遇到 
ellipses椭圆 
equality等式 
extra额外的 
empirical经验；观察 
ennmerate例举，计数 
exceed超过，越出 
expectation期望 
efficient生效的 
endow赋予 
explicitly清楚的 
exponential family指数家族 
equivalently等价的

F

feasible可行的 
forary初次尝试 
finite有限的，限定的 
forgo摒弃，放弃 
fliter过滤 
frequentist最常发生的 
forward search前向式搜索 
formalize使定形

G

generalized归纳的 
generalization概括，归纳；普遍化；判断（根据不足） 
guarantee保证；抵押品 
generate形成，产生 
geometric margins几何边界 
gap裂口 
generative生产的；有生产力的

H

heuristic启发式的；启发法；启发程序 
hone怀恋；磨 
hyperplane超平面

L

initial最初的 
implement执行 
intuitive凭直觉获知的 
incremental增加的 
intercept截距 
intuitious直觉 
instantiation例子 
indicator指示物，指示器 
interative重复的，迭代的 
integral积分 
identical相等的；完全相同的 
indicate表示，指出 
invariance不变性，恒定性 
impose把…强加于 
intermediate中间的 
interpretation解释，翻译

J

joint distribution联合概率

L

lieu替代 
logarithmic对数的，用对数表示的 
latent潜在的 
Leave-one-out cross validation留一法交叉验证

M

magnitude巨大 
mapping绘图，制图；映射 
matrix矩阵 
mutual相互的，共同的 
monotonically单调的 
minor较小的，次要的 
multinomial多项的 
multi-class classification二分类问题

N

nasty讨厌的 
notation标志，注释 
naïve朴素的

O

obtain得到 
oscillate摆动 
optimization problem最优化问题 
objective function目标函数 
optimal最理想的 
orthogonal(矢量，矩阵等)正交的 
orientation方向 
ordinary普通的 
occasionally偶然的

P

partial derivative偏导数 
property性质 
proportional成比例的 
primal原始的，最初的 
permit允许 
pseudocode伪代码 
permissible可允许的 
polynomial多项式 
preliminary预备 
precision精度 
perturbation 不安，扰乱 
poist假定，设想 
positive semi-definite半正定的 
parentheses圆括号 
posterior probability后验概率 
plementarity补充 
pictorially图像的 
parameterize确定…的参数 
poisson distribution柏松分布 
pertinent相关的

Q

quadratic二次的 
quantity量，数量；分量 
query疑问的

R

regularization使系统化；调整 
reoptimize重新优化 
restrict限制；限定；约束 
reminiscent回忆往事的；提醒的；使人联想…的（of） 
remark注意 
random variable随机变量 
respect考虑 
respectively各自的；分别的 
redundant过多的；冗余的

S

susceptible敏感的 
stochastic可能的；随机的 
symmetric对称的 
sophisticated复杂的 
spurious假的；伪造的 
subtract减去；减法器 
simultaneously同时发生地；同步地 
suffice满足 
scarce稀有的，难得的 
split分解，分离 
subset子集 
statistic统计量 
successive iteratious连续的迭代 
scale标度 
sort of有几分的 
squares平方

T

trajectory轨迹 
temporarily暂时的 
terminology专用名词 
tolerance容忍；公差 
thumb翻阅 
threshold阈，临界 
theorem定理 
tangent正弦

U

unit-length vector单位向量

V

valid有效的，正确的 
variance方差 
variable变量；变元 
vocabulary词汇 
valued经估价的；宝贵的

W

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