购买服务器
# 购买阿里云服务器
# 短期或是测试使用，创建 按量收费 服务器，可以随时删除，删除后不再计费，但要保证账户余额100元以上
连接服务器
1）账号
>: ssh root@39.98.144.221
2）密码
>: ********
服务器命令
管理员权限
1）以下所有的服务器命令均可以在管理员权限下执行
>: sudo 命令
配置终端
1）编辑配置文件
>: vim ~/.bash_profile
2）将原来内容全部删除掉
>: ggdG
3）进入编辑状态：填入下方两行
>: i
export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin
PS1='Path:\w\n>:'
4）退出编辑状态
>: esc
5）保存修改并退出
>: :wq
6）生效配置
>: source ~/.bash_profile
重要
更新系统软件包
>: yum update -y
安装软件管理包和可能使用的依赖
>: yum -y groupinstall "Development tools"
>: yum install openssl-devel bzip2-devel expat-devel gdbm-devel readline-devel sqlite-devel psmisc libffi-devel
安装Mysql
1）前往用户根目录
>: cd ~
2）下载mysql57
>: wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm
也可以本地上传，这条命令要在本地终端上执行
>: scp -r C:\Users\dell\Desktop\pkg\mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm root@39.98.144.221:~
3）安装mysql57
>: yum -y install mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm
>: yum -y install mysql-community-server
4）启动mysql57并查看启动状态
>: systemctl start mysqld.service
>: systemctl status mysqld.service
5）查看默认密码并登录
>: grep "password" /var/log/mysqld.log
>: mysql -uroot -p
6）修改密码
>: ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'new password';
>: ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'Owen1234?';
安装Redis
1）前往用户根目录
>: cd ~
2）下载redis-5.0.5
>: wget http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-5.0.5.tar.gz
>: scp -r C:\Users\dell\Desktop\pkg\redis-5.0.5.tar.gz root@39.98.144.221:~
3）解压安装包
>: tar -xf redis-5.0.5.tar.gz
4）进入目标文件
>: cd redis-5.0.5
5）编译环境
>: make
6）复制环境到指定路径完成安装
>: cp -r ~/redis-5.0.5 /usr/local/redis
7）配置redis可以后台启动：修改下方内容
>: vim /usr/local/redis/redis.conf
daemonize yes
8）完成配置修改
>: esc
>: :wq
9）建立软连接
>: ln -s /usr/local/redis/src/redis-server /usr/bin/redis-server
>: ln -s /usr/local/redis/src/redis-cli /usr/bin/redis-cli
10）后台运行redis
>: redis-server &
ctrl + c
11）测试redis环境
>: redis-cli
ctrl + c
12）关闭redis服务
>: pkill -f redis -9
安装Python3.6
1）前往用户根目录
>: cd ~
2）下载 或 上传 Python3.6.7
>: wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.7/Python-3.6.7.tar.xz
>: scp -r 本地Python-3.6.7.tar.xz ssh root@39.98.144.221:服务器路径
>: scp -r C:\Users\dell\Desktop\pkg\Python-3.6.7.tar.xz ssh root@39.98.144.221:~
3）解压安装包
>: tar -xf Python-3.6.7.tar.xz
4）进入目标文件
>: cd Python-3.6.7
5）配置安装路径：/usr/local/python3
>: ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3
6）编译并安装
>: make && sudo make install
7）建立软连接：终端命令 python3，pip3
>: ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3.6 /usr/bin/python3
>: ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3.6 /usr/bin/pip3
8）删除安装包与文件：
>: rm -rf Python-3.6.7
>: rm -rf Python-3.6.7.tar.xz
配置pip源：阿里云不用配置，默认配置阿里源
1）创建pip配置路径
>: mkdir ~/.pip
2）进入目录编辑配置文件：填入下方内容
cd ~/.pip && vim pip.conf
[global]
index-url = http://pypi.douban.com/simple
[install]
use-mirrors =true
mirrors =http://pypi.douban.com/simple/
trusted-host =pypi.douban.com
安装uwsgi
1）在真实环境下安装
pip3 install uwsgi
2）建立软连接
ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/uwsgi /usr/bin/uwsgi
安装虚拟环境
1）安装依赖
>: pip3 install virtualenv
>: pip3 install virtualenvwrapper
2）建立虚拟环境软连接
>: ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/virtualenv /usr/bin/virtualenv
3）配置虚拟环境：填入下方内容
>: vim ~/.bash_profile
VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_PYTHON=/usr/bin/python3
source /usr/local/python3/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh
4）退出编辑状态
>: esc
5）保存修改并退出
>: :wq
6）更新配置文件内容
>: source ~/.bash_profile
7）虚拟环境默认根目录：~/.virtualenvs
了解：服务器运行测试Django项目
1）创建虚拟环境
>: mkvirtualenv test_venv
2）安装依赖
>: pip install django
3）前往目标目录，创建项目工作目录，再进入
>: cd /home
>: mkdir project
>: cd project
4）创建Django项目，并进入
>: django-admin startproject test_site
>: cd test_site
5）完成项目配置：修改下方几行内容
>: vim /home/project/test_site/test_site/settings.py
ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*']
#DATABASES = {
# 'default': {
# 'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
# 'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),
# }
#}
6）跑原生服务
>: python3 manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:80
安装Nginx
1）前往用户根目录
>: cd ~
2）下载nginx1.13.7
>: wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.13.7.tar.gz
3）解压安装包
>: tar -xf nginx-1.13.7.tar.gz
4）进入目标文件
>: cd nginx-1.13.7
5）配置安装路径：/usr/local/nginx
>: ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx
6）编译并安装
>: make && sudo make install
7）建立软连接：终端命令 nginx
>: ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/bin/nginx
8）删除安装包与文件：
>: rm -rf nginx-1.13.7
>: rm -rf nginx-1.13.7.tar.xz
9）测试Nginx环境，服务器运行nginx，本地访问服务器ip
>: nginx
>: 服务器绑定的域名 或 ip:80
Nginx命令
1）启动
>: nginx
2）关闭nginx
>: nginx -s stop
3）重启nginx
>: nginx -s reload
4）查看端口，强行关闭
>: ps -aux|grep nginx
>: kill <pid:进程编号>
了解：Nginx & uwsgi 运行Django
1）在项目的虚拟环境安装uwsgi
>: workon test_venv
>: pip install uwsgi
2）项目根目录配置uwsgi：填入下方内容
>: vim /home/project/test_site/test_site.xml
<uwsgi>
<socket>127.0.0.1:8808</socket> <!-- 内部端口，自定义 -->
<chdir>/home/project/test_site/</chdir> <!-- 项目路径 -->
<module>test_site.wsgi</module> <!-- test_site为wsgi.py所在目录名-->
<processes>4</processes> <!-- 进程数 -->
<daemonize>uwsgi.log</daemonize> <!-- 日志文件 -->
</uwsgi>
3）完成项目配置：修改下方几行内容
>: vim /home/project/test_site/test_site/settings.py
DEBUG = False
ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*']
4）去向Nginx配置目录，备份配置，完全更新配置：填入下方内容
>: cd /usr/local/nginx/conf
>: cp nginx.conf nginx.conf.bak
>: vim nginx.conf
>: ggdG
>: i
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
sendfile on;
server {
listen 8000;
server_name 127.0.0.1; # 改为自己的域名，没域名修改为127.0.0.1:80
charset utf-8;
location / {
include uwsgi_params;
uwsgi_pass 127.0.0.1:8808; # 端口要和uwsgi里配置的一样
uwsgi_param UWSGI_SCRIPT test_site.wsgi; #wsgi.py所在的目录名+.wsgi
uwsgi_param UWSGI_CHDIR /home/project/test_site/; # 项目路径
}
}
}
5）启动uwsgi
>: uwsgi -x /home/project/test_site/test_site.xml
6）启动nginx
>: nginx
7）浏览器测试：http://39.98.144.221/admin
8）关闭uwsgi所有进程
>: pkill -f uwsgi -9
路飞项目部署：Nginx + uwsgi + django + vue
配置前台项目
上线前配置
assets/settings.js
base_url: 'http://39.98.144.221:8000', // 设置公网ip
上线
1）本地项目打包，前往luffycity项目目录下
>: cnpm run build
2）上传
>: scp -r dist root@39.98.144.221:~
3）移动并重命名
mv ~/dist /home/html
4）去向Nginx配置目录，备份配置，完全更新配置：填入下方内容
>: cd /usr/local/nginx/conf
>: cp nginx.conf nginx.conf.bak
>: vim nginx.conf
>: ggdG
>: i
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
sendfile on;
server {
listen 80;
server_name 127.0.0.1; # 改为自己的域名，没域名修改为127.0.0.1:80
charset utf-8;
location / {
root /home/html; # html访问路径
index index.html; # html文件名称
try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html; # 解决单页面应用刷新404问题
}
}
}
路飞后台部署
上线前配置
prod.py：上线的配置文件，内容拷贝dev.py，前身就是settings.py
1）需要做上线修改的内容
DEBUG = False
ALLOWED_HOSTS = [
'39.98.144.221' # 公网ip地址
]
CORS_ORIGIN_ALLOW_ALL = True # 允许所有跨域
CORS_ORIGIN_WHITELIST = [
]
UP_BASE_URL = 'http://39.98.144.221:8080'
END_BASE_URL = 'http://39.98.144.221:8000'
wsgi.py 和 manage.py
1）需要做上线修改的内容
os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'luffyapi.settings.prod')
清空日志文件
上线
1）在项目的虚拟环境安装uwsgi
>: mkvirtualenv luffy
>: workon luffy
# 走下方 pip导入导出依赖 说明，将本地的环境依赖同步到服务器环境中
>: pip install uwsgi
2）项目根目录配置uwsgi：填入下方内容
>: mkdir /home/project
# 注：将后台项目移至到/home/project，可以上传，也可以git，项目设置公开（私密需要配置ssl）
>: cd /home/project && git clone https://gitee.com/doctor_owen/luffyapi.git
>: vim /home/project/luffyapi/luffyapi.xml
<uwsgi>
<socket>127.0.0.1:8808</socket> <!-- 内部端口，自定义 -->
<chdir>/home/project/luffyapi/</chdir> <!-- 项目路径 -->
<module>luffyapi.wsgi</module> <!-- luffyapi为wsgi.py所在目录名-->
<processes>4</processes> <!-- 进程数 -->
<daemonize>uwsgi.log</daemonize> <!-- 日志文件 -->
</uwsgi>
---- 3）配置上线项目的settings：见后台项目部署准备视频
4）去向Nginx配置目录，备份配置，完全更新配置：填入下方内容
>: vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
5）在原来基础上添加一个server
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
sendfile on;
server {
listen 8000;
server_name 127.0.0.1; # 改为自己的域名，没域名修改为127.0.0.1:80
charset utf-8;
location / {
include uwsgi_params;
uwsgi_pass 127.0.0.1:8808; # 端口要和uwsgi里配置的一样
uwsgi_param UWSGI_SCRIPT luffyapi.wsgi; #wsgi.py所在的目录名+.wsgi
uwsgi_param UWSGI_CHDIR /home/project/luffyapi/; # 项目路径
}
}
}
见下方配置：pip环境 + 数据库设置 + django2.0源码 配置完成后再进行往下（配置教程在下方）
5）启动uwsgi
>: uwsgi -x /home/project/luffyapi/luffyapi.xml
6）启动nginx
>: nginx -s stop
>: nginx
>: nginx -s reload
7）浏览器测试：http://39.98.144.221:8000/xadmin
8）关闭uwsgi所有进程
>: pkill -f uwsgi -9
pip导入导出依赖
1) 本地导出项目环境，上传线上，导入到线上环境中
本地操作
# 桌面新建env文件夹，开启终端进入文件夹，执行下方命名
>: cd Desktop\env
>: pip3 freeze > packages.txt
# 注：把xadmin删掉
>: scp -r packages.txt root@39.98.144.221:~
服务器操作
# 进入虚拟环境
>: workon luffy
# 导入
>: pip3 install -r packages.txt
# 安装xadmin
>: pip install https://codeload.github.com/sshwsfc/xadmin/zip/django2
数据库设置 + django2.0源码（2.0.7不用修改源码）
1.管理员连接数据库
>: mysql -uroot -pOwen1234?
2.创建数据库
>: create database luffy default charset=utf8;
# 3.设置权限账号密码
# 拥有公网或局域网，其他主机连mysql
>: grant all privileges on luffy.* to 'luffy'@'%' identified by 'Luffy123?';
# 要是本机连mysql连不上，再增加localhost域，本机就可以登录了
>: grant all privileges on luffy.* to 'luffy'@'localhost' identified by 'Luffy123?';
# 设置完有权限限制的账号后一定要刷新权限
>: flush privileges;
4.退出mysql
quit
5.修改 prod.py | manage.py
>: vim /home/project/luffyapi/luffyapi/settings/prod.py
"PASSWORD": "Luffy123?"
>: vim /home/project/luffyapi/manage.py
os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'luffyapi.settings.prod')
6.源码修改
>: vim /root/.virtualenvs/luffy/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/mysql/base.py
# 36，37行注释
>: vim /root/.virtualenvs/luffy/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/mysql/operations.py
# 146行添加
query = query.encode()
7.数据库迁移
>: cd /home/project/luffyapi/
>: python3 manage.py makemigrations
>: python3 manage.py migrate
8.创建超级用户
>: python3 manage.py createsuperuser
# 账号密码：admin|admin123
后台样式问题
设置文件中配置STATIC_ROOT
# >: vim /home/project/luffyapi/luffyapi/settings/prod.py
# 在STATIC_URL下方再添加两句
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATIC_ROOT = '/home/project/luffyapi/luffyapi/static' # 服务器的绝对路径
STATICFILES_DIRS = (os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "static"),) # 小luffyapi下要有static文件夹
# >: esc
# >: :wq
迁移静态样式：项目目录下
可能错误
>: mkdir /home/project/luffyapi/luffyapi/static
>: python3 /home/project/luffyapi/manage.py collectstatic
Nginx配置静态路径
>: vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
sendfile on;
server {
listen 8000;
server_name 127.0.0.1; # 改为自己的域名，没域名修改为127.0.0.1:80
charset utf-8;
location / {
include uwsgi_params;
uwsgi_pass 127.0.0.1:8808; # 端口要和uwsgi里配置的一样
uwsgi_param UWSGI_SCRIPT luffyapi.wsgi; #wsgi.py所在的目录名+.wsgi
uwsgi_param UWSGI_CHDIR /home/project/luffyapi/; # 项目路径
}
# 新增的配置静态文件
location /static {
alias /home/project/luffyapi/luffyapi/static;
}
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name 127.0.0.1; # 改为自己的域名，没域名修改为127.0.0.1:80
charset utf-8;
location / {
root /home/html; # html访问路径
index index.html; # html文件名称
try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html; # 解决单页面应用刷新404问题
}
}
}
>: esc
>: :wq
重启服务
>: pkill -f uwsgi -9
>: uwsgi -x /home/project/luffyapi/luffyapi.xml
>: nginx -s reload
重点 重点 重点
# 1、真实环境和虚拟环境都要安装uwsgi，将真实环境下的uwsgi建立软连接
# 2、redis服务一定要后台启动：redis-server &
# 3、uwsgi启动django项目一定要进入虚拟环境下，因为环境都是安装在虚拟环境中
# 4、服务器的日志都会被记录在于uwsgi配置文件 luffyapi.xml 同类目下的 uwsgi.log 中
添加测试数据
>: mysql -uluffy -pLuffy123?
>: use luffy
INSERT INTO luffy_teacher(id, orders, is_show, is_delete, created_time, updated_time, name, role, title, signature, image, brief) VALUES (1, 1, 1, 0, '2019-07-14 13:44:19.661327', '2019-07-14 13:46:54.246271', 'Alex', 1, '老男孩Python教学总监', '金角大王', 'teacher/alex_icon.png', '老男孩教育CTO & CO-FOUNDER 国内知名PYTHON语言推广者 51CTO学院2016\2017年度最受学员喜爱10大讲师之一 多款开源软件作者 曾任职公安部、飞信、中金公司、NOKIA中国研究院、华尔街英语、ADVENT、汽车之家等公司');
INSERT INTO luffy_teacher(id, orders, is_show, is_delete, created_time, updated_time, name, role, title, signature, image, brief) VALUES (2, 2, 1, 0, '2019-07-14 13:45:25.092902', '2019-07-14 13:45:25.092936', 'Mjj', 0, '前美团前端项目组架构师', NULL, 'teacher/mjj_icon.png', '是马JJ老师, 一个集美貌与才华于一身的男人，搞过几年IOS，又转了前端开发几年，曾就职于美团网任高级前端开发，后来因为不同意王兴(美团老板)的战略布局而出家做老师去了，有丰富的教学经验，开起车来也毫不含糊。一直专注在前端的前沿技术领域。同时，爱好抽烟、喝酒、烫头(锡纸烫)。 我的最爱是前端，因为前端妹子多。');
INSERT INTO luffy_teacher(id, orders, is_show, is_delete, created_time, updated_time, name, role, title, signature, image, brief) VALUES (3, 3, 1, 0, '2019-07-14 13:46:21.997846', '2019-07-14 13:46:21.997880', 'Lyy', 0, '老男孩Linux学科带头人', NULL, 'teacher/lyy_icon.png', 'Linux运维技术专家，老男孩Linux金牌讲师，讲课风趣幽默、深入浅出、声音洪亮到爆炸');
INSERT INTO luffy_course_category(id, orders, is_show, is_delete, created_time, updated_time, name) VALUES (1, 1, 1, 0, '2019-07-14 13:40:58.690413', '2019-07-14 13:40:58.690477', 'Python');
INSERT INTO luffy_course_category(id, orders, is_show, is_delete, created_time, updated_time, name) VALUES (2, 2, 1, 0, '2019-07-14 13:41:08.249735', '2019-07-14 13:41:08.249817', 'Linux');
INSERT INTO luffy_course(id, orders, is_show, is_delete, created_time, updated_time, name, course_img, course_type, brief, level, pub_date, period, attachment_path, status, students, sections, pub_sections, price, course_category_id, teacher_id) VALUES (1, 1, 1, 0, '2019-07-14 13:54:33.095201', '2019-07-14 13:54:33.095238', 'Python开发21天入门', 'courses/alex_python.png', 0, 'Python从入门到入土&&&Python从入门到入土&&&Python从入门到入土&&&Python从入门到入土&&&Python从入门到入土&&&Python从入门到入土&&&Python从入门到入土&&&Python从入门到入土&&&Python从入门到入土&&&Python从入门到入土&&&Python从入门到入土&&&Python从入门到入土', 0, '2019-07-14', 21, '', 0, 231, 120, 120, 0.00, 1, 1);
INSERT INTO luffy_course(id, orders, is_show, is_delete, created_time, updated_time, name, course_img, course_type, brief, level, pub_date, period, attachment_path, status, students, sections, pub_sections, price, course_category_id, teacher_id) VALUES (2, 2, 1, 0, '2019-07-14 13:56:05.051103', '2019-07-14 13:56:05.051142', 'Python项目实战', 'courses/mjj_python.png', 0, '', 1, '2019-07-14', 30, '', 0, 340, 120, 120, 99.00, 1, 2);
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