基于Django框架对MongoDB实现增删改查
在上一篇中,咱们已经实现了Scrapy框架爬取数据,并且存储到Mongodb数据库,
接下来呢,,,,,,,,,,,,,
咱们就要对这些数据进行操作。
目标:从Mongodb数据库取出数据,通过Django框架展示到web页面,实现展示、分页、添加、修改、删除的功能
1. 准备工作
创建django项目
点击:file–>new project,出现下面的对话框。
选择Django栏目,输入项目名称,选择python解释器版本,点击create创建。
创建APP
在pycharm下方的terminal终端中输入命令:
python manage.py startapp cmdb
这样就创建了一个叫做cmdb的APP,django自动生成“cmdb”文件夹。
2. 连接mongodb数据库(cmdb/models.py)
from django.db import models
from mongoengine import *
# Create your models here.
# 指明要连接的数据库
connect('Complaint',host = '127.0.0.1',port = 27017)
class invitation(Document):
# 定义数据库中的所有字段
number = StringField()
title = StringField()
content = StringField()
url = StringField()
# 指明连接的数据表名
meta = {'collection':'invitation'}
# 测试是否连接成功
# for i in invitation.objects[:10]:
# print(i.title)
3. 配置相关设置(ComplaintDjango/settings.py)
"""
Django settings for ComplaintDjango project.
Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 2.0.5.
For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/topics/settings/
For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/ref/settings/
"""
import os
# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/howto/deployment/checklist/
# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = '4c-=!&(4kx9xhrz=e1%((vx#!*v%2pbot$2sss7k6*c$yw@t*e'
# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True
ALLOWED_HOSTS = []
# Application definition
INSTALLED_APPS = [
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
]
MIDDLEWARE = [
'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
# csrf跨站请求保护机制,暂时先关闭,或者在form表单里添加一个`{% csrf_token %}`标签。
#'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]
ROOT_URLCONF = 'ComplaintDjango.urls'
TEMPLATES = [
{
'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
# 配置html
'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')]
,
'APP_DIRS': True,
'OPTIONS': {
'context_processors': [
'django.template.context_processors.debug',
'django.template.context_processors.request',
'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
],
},
},
]
WSGI_APPLICATION = 'ComplaintDjango.wsgi.application'
# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/ref/settings/#databases
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': None,
}
}
# 连接mongodb数据库
from mongoengine import connect
connect('Complaint')
# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators
AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
},
]
# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/topics/i18n/
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'
TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'
USE_I18N = True
USE_L10N = True
USE_TZ = True
# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/howto/static-files/
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
# 配置静态文件
STATICFILES_DIRS = (
os.path.join(BASE_DIR,'static'),
)
4. 路由(ComplaintDjango/urls.py)
路由都在urls文件里,它将浏览器输入的path映射到相应的业务处理逻辑。
简单编写方法如下:
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
# 导入对应 app 的 views 文件
from cmdb import views
urlpatterns = [
# 首页,展示页面
path('index/',views.index),
# 跳转到添加页面
path('toAdd/',views.toAdd),
# 添加到数据库
path('addInvitation/',views.addInvitation),
# 跳转到修改页面,进行数据回显
path('toUpdate/',views.toUpdate),
# 修改数据
path('updateInvitation/',views.updateInvitation),
# 删除数据
path('delete/',views.delete)
]
5.业务处理逻辑(cmdb/views.py)
业务处理逻辑都在views.py文件里。
from django.shortcuts import render
from cmdb.models import invitation
from django.core.paginator import Paginator # 分页
from django.http import HttpResponseRedirect
# Create your views here.
# 展示、分页
def index(request):
# 限制每一页显示的条目数量
limit = 10
# 查询所有的数据
article = invitation.objects
paginator = Paginator(article,limit)
# 从url中获取页码参数
page_num = request.GET.get('page',1)
loaded = paginator.page(page_num)
context = {
'invitation':loaded
}
return render(request,"index.html",context)
# 进入添加页面
def toAdd(request):
return render(request,"add.html")
# 添加
def addInvitation(request):
if request.method == 'POST':
number = request.POST.get("number",None)
title = request.POST.get("title",None)
content = request.POST.get("content",None)
url = request.POST.get("url",None)
tit = "提问:" + str(title) + " 编号:" + str(number)
# 添加到数据库
invi = invitation(number = number,title = tit,content = content,url = url)
invi.save()
return HttpResponseRedirect('/index/')
# 回显
def toUpdate(request):
if request.method == 'GET':
number = request.GET.get("number",None)
# 根据条件查询数据
invi = invitation.objects.filter(number=number)
context = {
'invitation':invi
}
return render(request,"update.html",context)
# 修改
def updateInvitation(request):
if request.method == 'POST':
number = request.POST.get("number", None)
title = request.POST.get("title", None)
content = request.POST.get("content", None)
url = request.POST.get("url", None)
# 根据条件修改数据
invi = invitation.objects.filter(number=number).update(title=title,content=content,url=url)
return HttpResponseRedirect('/index/')
# 删除
def delete(requeset):
if requeset.method == 'GET':
number = requeset.GET.get("number",None)
# 删除数据
invi = invitation.objects.filter(number=number).delete()
return HttpResponseRedirect('/index/')
6.Html页面
首页(templates/index.html)
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>首页</title>
</head>
<script type="text/javascript" src="static/js/jquery-1.8.2.min.js"></script>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../static/css/index_work.css">
<body>
<a href="/toAdd/">添加</a>
<table>
<thead>
<th>编号</th>
<th>标题</th>
<th>内容</th>
<th>链接</th>
<th>操作</th>
</thead>
<tbody>
{% for item in invitation %}
<tr>
<td>{{ item.number }}</td>
<td>{{ item.title }}</td>
<td>{{ item.content }}</td>
<td><a>{{ item.url }}</a></td>
<td>
<a href="/toUpdate/?number={{ item.number }}"><input type="button" value="修改"></a>
<a href="/delete/?number={{ item.number }}"><input type="button" value="删除"></a>
</td>
</tr>
{% endfor %}
<tr>
<th colspan="6">
{% if invitation.has_previous %}
<a href="?page={{ invitation.previous_page_number }}"><input type="button" value="上一页"></a>
{% endif %}
<span>{{ invitation.number }} of {{ invitation.paginator.num_pages }}</span>
{% if invitation.has_next %}
<a href="?page={{ invitation.next_page_number }}"><input type="button" value="下一页"></a>
{% endif %}
</th>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</body>
</html>
添加页面(templates/add.html)
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>添加帖子</title>
</head>
<script type="text/javascript" src="static/js/jquery-1.8.2.min.js"></script>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../static/css/index_work.css">
<body>
<form action="/addInvitation/" method="post">
编号:<input type="text" name="number" style="width: 500px"><br>
标题:<input type="text" name="title" style="width: 500px"><br>
内容:<br><textarea name="content" style="width: 550px;height: 200px"></textarea><br>
链接:<input type="text" name="url" style="width: 500px"><br>
<input type="submit" value="发布">
</form>
</body>
</html>
修改页面(templates/update.html)
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>修改</title>
</head>
<script type="text/javascript" src="static/js/jquery-1.8.2.min.js"></script>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../static/css/index_work.css">
<body>
<form action="/updateInvitation/" method="post">
{% for i in invitation %}
编号:<input type="text" name="number" value="{{ i.number }}" style="width: 500px" readonly="true"><br>
标题:<input type="text" name="title" value="{{ i.title }} " style="width: 500px"><br>
内容:<br><textarea name="content" style="width: 550px;height: 200px">{{ i.content }}</textarea><br>
链接:<input type="text" name="url" value="{{ i.url }}" style="width: 500px"><br>
<input type="submit" value="确认修改">
{% endfor %}
</form>
</body>
</html>
注意:修改是先回显后改的过程,回显时,对 number 设置为 readonly = “true”,千万不要设置为 disabled = “true” ,最重要的一点原因:当表单提交时,这个表单输入项将不会被提交。
更多见:
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41139341/article/details/81667082?tdsourcetag=s_pcqq_aiomsg
https://www.cnblogs.com/wuzaipei/p/9966190.html