使用VC实现一个“智能”自增减线程池
工作中接手了一款产品的改造。因为该产品可能使用很多线程,所以产品中使用了线程池。
工程下载地址:DeInCreaseThreadPool
转载自:http://blog.csdn.net/breaksoftware/article/details/7096657
线程池的一个优点是降低线程创建和销毁的频率;缺点是可能在比较闲的时候还存在一定数量的空闲线程。这个也可以比作现实生活中的武器,对于一款武器,有其攻击的能力和防御的能力。有些设计可能会将攻击力做的很强但是防御力有所折扣,有些可能防御做的很好但是攻击力不足。于是如果将这些设计放在一起可能就很难比较个好坏来,但是可能很容易比较出一个“哪个更适合哪种战场”。
于是,回到我们的产品。这款产品原始的线程池一开始时便创建了上百个休眠线程,可以说火力十足啊。但是我们评估后,我们认为大部分场景这些线程可能一辈子都在睡眠!这样的设计在我们预估的场景中明显是“不适宜”的。于是我接到一个任务就是改造之。让其成为一个根据需求可以自增减的线程池。
对于自增减,这便是种策略,又回到攻击力和防御力的博弈上来。还是那句话:适合的才是好的。可以想象,如果自增减的频率过快,那干嘛使用线程池呢?如果过慢,那么干嘛自增减呢?我们的场景:线程池中的任务的增速不会快,减数可能快。目前我写的demo版中,我初始时建立了10个线程,当空闲线程等于1个时,我就会尝试再新建10个线程,当增加到30个线程时,就不增加线程了,任务会保留在列表中,待有空闲线程时去执行。当空闲线程数大于等于当前线程数一半时,我就会查看如果释放了10个线程,空闲线程是否小于等于我设置的最低空闲线程数,如果是,则不释放,否则就释放。当然这只是大致的逻辑。
- m_ThreadPool.Create( 30, 10, 10, 1 ); //最大线程数 最低线程数 递变数 最低空闲线程数
在demo中,我使用MFC写了个例子(Console版懒得写了)。其中DICThreadPool.h和DICThreadPool.cpp是线程池的相关实现,DICTaskObject.h中是任务要继承的基类。WorkerThread.h和WorkerThread.cpp是任务的实现,这个代码根据不同的业务改变而改变(你可定制),它中包含的类CWorkerThread要继承DICTaskObject.h中的CDICTaskObject,并实现基类中的几个虚函数。
DICTaskObject.h
- enum EThreadRoutineExitType
- {
- WAITEVENTOK = 0,
- OTHERRESON = 1
- };
- class CDICTaskObject
- {
- public:
- CDICTaskObject(){};
- virtual ~CDICTaskObject(){};
- public:
- virtual EThreadRoutineExitType Run() = 0;
- virtual BOOL AutoDelete() = 0;
- HANDLE m_hStopEvent;
- };
WorkerThread.h
- class CWorkerThread:
- public CDICTaskObject
- {
- public:
- CWorkerThread();
- ~CWorkerThread();
- public:
- VOID SetAutoDelete( BOOL bAutoDel );
- // 以下增加你的成员函数
- protected:
- EThreadRoutineExitType Run();
- BOOL AutoDelete();
- private:
- // 以下增加你的成员函数
- private:
- BOOL m_bAutoDelete;
- // 以下增加你的成员变量
- };
这个类的实例一半都是new出来的,但是往往因为时机的问题,只有在相关操作执行后才可以delete掉它。于是线程池便提供了一个功能就是负责delete掉这个实例,要想让线程池去delete,就要调用SetAutoDelete(TRUE)。
- CWorkerThread* pWorkerThread = new CWorkerThread;
- pWorkerThread->SetAutoDelete( TRUE );
线程池创建后,要让线程池去执行这个任务,就可以
- m_ThreadPool.Run( pWorkerThread );
剩下的事就交给线程池去做吧。
再说一下线程池模型。
可以看见线程池做的事情还是很简单的。它只是负责保存任务、唤醒线程和新建一批新线程。
线程的职责就是取任务执行任务,并判断是否需要减少线程数(带有一定的管理职责,让管理行为由一些行为触发可能比定时去检测要智能些)。
MFC那个例子
先创建线程池,然后新建任务,我会在屏幕中弹出一些窗口,这些窗口的存在周期由右侧的执行时间来决定。
如果想查看详细信息,可以在debugview中设置过滤:
然后我们可以查看刚才的日志
日志中
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:Create thread 12508 and suspend it
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:Create thread 10548 and suspend it
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:Create thread 10648 and suspend it
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:Create thread 10812 and suspend it
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:Create thread 6336 and suspend it
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:Create thread 10544 and suspend it
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:Create thread 11712 and suspend it
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:Create thread 8904 and suspend it
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:Create thread 3388 and suspend it
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:Create thread 7824 and suspend it
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:Resume thread 3388
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:Resume thread 6336
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:Resume thread 7824
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:Resume thread 8904
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:Resume thread 10544
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:Resume thread 10548
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:Resume thread 10648
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:Resume thread 10812
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:Resume thread 11712
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:Resume thread 12508
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:Create 10 Threads
是初始创建线程池(最低10个,Create中设置的)
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:Inset a low priority task in the list
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:ThreadPool is not Full,the task is being excuted in thread 3388
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:Get a task from the list
这段是插入一个任务,然后3388号线程负责了这个任务
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:Inset a low priority task in the list
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:There is 1 free threads,but the min count of free threads is 1,so I will create more threads
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:Create thread 3176 and suspend it
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:Create thread 12192 and suspend it
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:Create thread 8596 and suspend it
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:Create thread 7628 and suspend it
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:Create thread 10612 and suspend it
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:Create thread 10060 and suspend it
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:Create thread 1692 and suspend it
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:Create thread 12400 and suspend it
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:Create thread 7436 and suspend it
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:Create thread 8272 and suspend it
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:Resume thread 1692
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:Resume thread 3176
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:Resume thread 7436
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:Resume thread 7628
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:Resume thread 8272
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:Resume thread 8596
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:Resume thread 10060
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:Resume thread 10612
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:Resume thread 12192
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:Resume thread 12400
这段是因为刚开始的10个线程中只剩下1个空闲线程了,等于我们设置的最低空闲线程,于是就会再创建10个线程
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:Inset a low priority task in the list
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:There is 1 free threads,but the min count of free threads is 1,so I will create more threads
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:There is 30 threads,but the max count of threads is 30,so I can't create 10 threads
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:ThreadPool is not Full,the task is being excuted in thread 13728
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:Get a task from the list
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:Inset a low priority task in the list
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:There is 0 free threads,but the min count of free threads is 1,so I will create more threads
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:There is 30 threads,but the max count of threads is 30,so I can't create 10 threads
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:Get a task from the list
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:ThreadPool is not Full,the task is being excuted in thread 13808
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:Inset a low priority task in the list
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:There is 0 free threads,but the min count of free threads is 1,so I will create more threads
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:There is 30 threads,but the max count of threads is 30,so I can't create 10 threads
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:ThreadPool is Full,the task is waiting for a free thread to excute
这是不断有新任务被插入到任务列表中,而线程池满了的情况。
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:There is 16 working threads,more than half of the count(30) of threads,I will not decrease the size of the thread pool
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:Task of _ThreadProc 9028 is completed,delete the object of the task
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:There is 15 working threads,more than half of the count(30) of threads,I will attempt to decrease the size of the thread pool
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:I will decrease the thread pool by 10
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:_ThreadProc 4612 Exit 1
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:_ThreadProc 5132 Exit 1
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:_ThreadProc 5240 Exit 1
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:_ThreadProc 6608 Exit 1
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:_ThreadProc 7628 Exit 1
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:_ThreadProc 7720 Exit 1
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:_ThreadProc 7724 Exit 1
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:_ThreadProc 8224 Exit 1
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:_ThreadProc 8272 Exit 1
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:_ThreadProc 8496 Exit 1
这是一些任务完成了,空闲线程达到了当前线程一半了,就释放掉10个线程(Create中设置的递变线程数)。
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:The Count of Current Threads is 20.
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:The Count of Current Working Threads is 9.
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:The Count of Need Free Threads is 10.
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:The Count of Min Free Threads is 1.
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:If I decrease thread pool size,the count of free threads is less than min free count.I will not decrease the size of thread pool
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:Task of _ThreadProc 11696 is completed,delete the object of the task
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:There is 8 working threads,more than half of the count(20) of threads,I will attempt to decrease the size of the thread pool
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:I will decrease the thread pool by 10
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:_ThreadProc 7700 Exit 1
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:_ThreadProc 7708 Exit 1
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:_ThreadProc 8596 Exit 1
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:_ThreadProc 8616 Exit 1
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:_ThreadProc 8740 Exit 1
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:_ThreadProc 9028 Exit 1
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:_ThreadProc 9476 Exit 1
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:_ThreadProc 10004 Exit 1
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:_ThreadProc 10548 Exit 1
- DeInCreaseThreadPool:_ThreadProc 10648 Exit 1
这是在递减到接近最低线程数的场景。