1903021101 闭腾 Java第十一周作业 Java的多态,继承
项目 | 内容 |
班级链接 | 19信计班(本) |
作业链接 | 第十一周作业 |
博客名称 | 1903021101—闭腾—Java第十一周作业—Java的继承,多态 |
要求 | 每道题要有题目,代码(使用插入代码,不会插入代码的自己查资料解决,不要直接截图代码!!),截图(只截运行结果)。 |
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*扩展阅读:Java中的继承和多态、Java中的抽象类。
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题目1:
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类Person定义了姓名name,出生年份birthYear,其子类Graduate在继承父类的基础上新增定义了成绩gpa、毕业年份graduateYear。编写测试类,输出毕业生的姓名、年龄、毕业年份、成绩。
- 提示:父类要有构造方法,子类通过super调用父类构造方法。
- 代码如下
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package xjweek11; public abstract class Person { public String name; public double birthYear; public Person(String name, double birthYear) { super(); this.name = name; this.birthYear = birthYear; } public String getMessage() { return "姓名:" +name; } } package xjweek11; public class Graduate extends Person { int gpa; int graduateYear; int nowYear; public Graduate(String name, double birthYear, int i, int j, int k) { super(name, birthYear); // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub this.nowYear = nowYear; this.gpa = gpa; this.graduateYear = graduateYear; } public String getMessage() { return super.getMessage()+"\n毕业年份:"+graduateYear+"\n成绩:"+gpa; } public double age() { double nowYear = 2022; return nowYear-birthYear; } } package xjweek11; public class Test1 { public static void main(String[] args) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub Graduate g = new Graduate("张三",2000,2023,99,2022); System.out.println("毕业生信息为:"+g.getMessage()); System.out.println("年龄为:"+g.age()); } }
- 运行截图
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题目2:
- 定义一个基本类Shape,有一个draw方法,定义三个类Circle(圆)、Triangle(三角形)、Square(正方形)都继承于Shape。在测试类中定义一个方法doStuff,传入基本类shape为参数,并调用draw方法。使用父类Shape创建三个类Circle、 Triangle、Square的实例对象并分别作为参数传入draw方法中。
- 代码如下
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package xjweek11; public abstract class Shape { void draw(){ } } package xjweek11; public class Circle extends Shape { void draw(){ System.out.println("Circle.draw()"); } } package xjweek11; public class Triangle extends Shape { void draw(){ System.out.println("Triangle.draw()"); } } package xjweek11; public class Square extends Shape { void draw(){ System.out.println("Spuare.darw()"); } } package xjweek11; public class Test3 { // TODO Auto-generated method stub static void doStuff(Shape s){ s.draw(); } public static void main(String[] args) { Shape c=new Circle(); Shape s=new Square(); Shape t=new Triangle(); doStuff(c); doStuff(s); doStuff(t); } }
运行截图:
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题目3:
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所有的动物都有一个父类Animal,再定义两个子类Bird(鸟)和Dog(狗)继承自Animal,并实现父类中的bark(叫唤)方法。
- 提示:抽象
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package xjweek11; public abstract class Animal { void bark(){ } } package xjweek11; public class BIrd extends Animal { void bark(){ System.out.println("鸟是这样叫:呀呼!"); } } package xjweek11; public class Dog extends Animal { void bark(){ System.out.println("狗是这样叫:嗨害嗨!"); } } package xjweek11; public class Test { public static void main(String[] args) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub BIrd b = new BIrd(); Dog d = new Dog(); b.bark(); d.bark(); } }
运行截图
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题目4:
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不同几何图形的面积计算公式是不一样的,可是,它们具有的特性是一样的,都具有长和宽这两个属性,也都具有面积计算的方法。根据抽象的概念计算长方形的面积和三角形的面积。
代码如下:
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package edu.xj.cxn.week11; public abstract class Xingzhuang { int width; int height; public Xingzhuang(int width, int height) { super(); this.width = width; this.height = height; } public abstract double area(); } **Trigon子类:** package edu.xj.cxn.week11; public class Trigon extends Xingzhuang { public Trigon(int width, int height) { super(width, height); // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub } public double area(){ return (width*height)/2; } } **Rectangle子类:** package edu.xj.cxn.week11; public class Rectangle extends Xingzhuang { public Rectangle(int width, int height) { super(width, height); // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub } public double area(){ return width*height; } } **测试类:** package edu.xj.cxn.week11; public class Text4 { public static void main(String[] args) { Rectangle r=new Rectangle(6,5); System.out.println("长方形的面积为:"+r.area()); Trigon t=new Trigon(4,6); System.out.println("三角形的面积为:"+t.area()); // TODO Auto-generated method stub } }
- 运行截图
- 阅读心得:
继承和多态是面向对象开发语言中非常重要的一个环节,若使用得当,整个程序的架构将变得非常有弹性,同时可以减少代码的冗余性。
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