Jquery 按键事件
再开发过程中,通常会用到当用户按了某个键的时候希望触发某个事件
1.全局判断按键 回车事件
$(document).keypress(function(e) { var eCode = e.keyCode ? e.keyCode : e.which ? e.which : e.charCode; if (eCode == 13){ alert('您按了回车键') //自己写判断操作 } });
2.某个元素 回车事件
$("input[name=keyword]").keypress(function(e){ var eCode = e.keyCode ? e.keyCode : e.which ? e.which : e.charCode; if (eCode == 13){ alert('您按了回车键') //自己写判断函数 } })
3.组合按键的应用
if(e.altKey && e.keyCode==13){ alert('您同时按了Alt键和Enter键') //ctrl键是e.ctrlKey //shift键是e.shiftKey } });
4.按键对应的数字表,建议使用keyup,keypress不兼容某些浏览器
keycode 8 = BackSpace BackSpace keycode 9 = Tab Tab keycode 12 = Clear keycode 13 = Enter keycode 16 = Shift_L keycode 17 = Control_L keycode 18 = Alt_L keycode 19 = Pause keycode 20 = Caps_Lock keycode 27 = Escape Escape keycode 32 = space space keycode 33 = Prior keycode 34 = Next keycode 35 = End keycode 36 = Home keycode 37 = Left keycode 38 = Up keycode 39 = Right keycode 40 = Down keycode 41 = Select keycode 42 = Print keycode 43 = Execute keycode 45 = Insert keycode 46 = Delete keycode 47 = Help keycode 48 = 0 equal braceright keycode 49 = 1 exclam on esuperior keycode 50 = 2 quotedbl twosuperior keycode 51 = 3 section threesuperior keycode 52 = 4 dollar keycode 53 = 5 percent keycode 54 = 6 ampersand keycode 55 = 7 slash braceleft keycode 56 = 8 parenleft bracketleft keycode 57 = 9 parenright bracketright keycode 65 = a A keycode 66 = b B keycode 67 = c C keycode 68 = d D keycode 69 = e E EuroSign keycode 70 = f F keycode 71 = g G keycode 72 = h H keycode 73 = i I keycode 74 = j J keycode 75 = k K keycode 76 = l L keycode 77 = m M mu keycode 78 = n N keycode 79 = o O keycode 80 = p P keycode 81 = q Q at keycode 82 = r R keycode 83 = s S keycode 84 = t T keycode 85 = u U keycode 86 = v V keycode 87 = w W keycode 88 = x X keycode 89 = y Y keycode 90 = z Z keycode 96 = KP_0 KP_0 keycode 97 = KP_1 KP_1 keycode 98 = KP_2 KP_2 keycode 99 = KP_3 KP_3 keycode 100 = KP_4 KP_4 keycode 101 = KP_5 KP_5 keycode 102 = KP_6 KP_6 keycode 103 = KP_7 KP_7 keycode 104 = KP_8 KP_8 keycode 105 = KP_9 KP_9 keycode 106 = KP_Multiply KP_Multiply keycode 107 = KP_Add KP_Add keycode 108 = KP_Separator KP_Separator keycode 109 = KP_Subtract KP_Subtract keycode 110 = KP_Decimal KP_Decimal keycode 111 = KP_Divide KP_Divide keycode 112 = F1 keycode 113 = F2 keycode 114 = F3 keycode 115 = F4 keycode 116 = F5 keycode 117 = F6 keycode 118 = F7 keycode 119 = F8 keycode 120 = F9 keycode 121 = F10 keycode 122 = F11 keycode 123 = F12 keycode 124 = F13 keycode 125 = F14 keycode 126 = F15 keycode 127 = F16 keycode 128 = F17 keycode 129 = F18 keycode 130 = F19 keycode 131 = F20 keycode 132 = F21 keycode 133 = F22 keycode 134 = F23 keycode 135 = F24 keycode 136 = Num_Lock keycode 137 = Scroll_Lock keycode 187 = acute grave keycode 188 = comma semicolon keycode 189 = minus underscore keycode 190 = period colon keycode 192 = numbersign apostrophe keycode 210 = plusminus hyphen macron keycode 212 = copyright registered keycode 213 = guillemotleft guillemotright keycode 214 = masculine ordfeminine keycode 215 = ae AE keycode 216 = cent yen keycode 217 = questiondown exclamdown keycode 218 = onequarter onehalf threequarters keycode 220 = less greater bar keycode 221 = plus asterisk asciitilde keycode 227 = multiply division keycode 228 = acircumflex Acircumflex keycode 229 = ecircumflex Ecircumflex keycode 230 = icircumflex Icircumflex keycode 231 = ocircumflex Ocircumflex keycode 232 = ucircumflex Ucircumflex keycode 233 = ntilde Ntilde keycode 234 = yacute Yacute keycode 235 = oslash Ooblique keycode 236 = aring Aring keycode 237 = ccedilla Ccedilla keycode 238 = thorn THORN keycode 239 = eth ETH keycode 240 = diaeresis cedilla currency keycode 241 = agrave Agrave atilde Atilde keycode 242 = egrave Egrave keycode 243 = igrave Igrave keycode 244 = ograve Ograve otilde Otilde keycode 245 = ugrave Ugrave keycode 246 = adiaeresis Adiaeresis keycode 247 = ediaeresis Ediaeresis keycode 248 = idiaeresis Idiaeresis keycode 249 = odiaeresis Odiaeresis keycode 250 = udiaeresis Udiaeresis keycode 251 = ssharp question backslash keycode 252 = asciicircum degree keycode 253 = 3 sterling keycode 254 = Mode_switch
5.按键的分类:
按键可以分为“实键”和“虚键”
实键可以理解为我们能够看到并打印出来的按键,如字母“A”、数字“1”、字符“?”等等
虚键就是那些无法打印出来起到控制作用的按键,如“Ctrl”、“Alt”、“Shift”、“方向键”等等
IE在处理虚键时有个特例:虚键不会产生keypress事件,必须使用keydown或keyup来捕获
6.按键码和字符码
按键码是计算机用来识别不同按键的编码,每一个按键都有按键码
字符码是可被打印的实键特有的,对应了键盘上显示的字符
按键码可以使用String.fromCharCode()转换为字符码
按键码和和字符码的对应表可以在本文最后找到。
7.获取实键
$('body').bind('keypress',getKeyCode); function getKeyCode(e) { var evt = e || window.event; var keyCode = evt.keyCode || evt.which || evt.charCode; alert(keyCode); }
1. e为Firefox等标准浏览器支持的JS隐藏变量,表示一个“事件”;IE系列中没有“e”,而是用window.event来表示“事件”;所以var e = e || window.event;就表示:获取当前正在发生的事件。
2. e.keyCode、e.which、e.charCode都代表获取按键码,但不同的浏览器支持不同的写法
8.获取虚键
function getKeyCode(e) { var evt = e || window.event; if (evt.ctrlKey) alert("ctrlKey pressed"); if (evt.altKey) alert("altKey pressed"); if (evt.shiftKey) alert("shiftKey pressed"); }