C# 索引器 重载运算符 异常
索引器 :
索引器类似于属性,可以让类的成员被快速访问,使用一个或多个参数可以索引到类中的成员
声明:
访问修饰符 数据类型 this [数据类型 索引参数]
{
get { return }
set {字段=Value}
}
使用:对象名[ 索引参数 ]
class Z { //可容纳100个整数的整数集 private long[] arr = new long[100]; //声明索引器 public long this[int index] { get { //检查索引范围 if (index < 0 || index >= 100) { return 0; } else { return arr[index]; } } set { if (!(index < 0 || index >= 100)) { arr[index] = value; } } } Z z=new z(); z[0]=100; z[1]=101; Console.WriteLine(z[0]);
如何在函数中抛出异常
用throw 关键字
下标号 超出 范围的异常 实例化
new IndexOutOfRangeException()
一旦抛出异常,程序会终止在抛出异常的地方
operator关键字
重载运算符
让我们自定义的数据类型可以通过运算符进行运算
访问修饰符 static 返回类型 operator 运算符(参数)
{ 运算内容 以及返回结果 }
class Box { private double length; // 长度 private double breadth; // 宽度 private double height; // 高度 public double getVolume() { return length * breadth * height; } public void setLength( double len ) { length = len; } public void setBreadth( double bre ) { breadth = bre; } public void setHeight( double hei ) { height = hei; } // 重载 + 运算符来把两个 Box 对象相加 public static Box operator+ (Box b, Box c) { Box box = new Box(); box.length = b.length + c.length; box.breadth = b.breadth + c.breadth; box.height = b.height + c.height; return box; } public static bool operator == (Box lhs, Box rhs) { bool status = false; if (lhs.length == rhs.length && lhs.height == rhs.height && lhs.breadth == rhs.breadth) { status = true; } return status; } public static bool operator !=(Box lhs, Box rhs) { bool status = false; if (lhs.length != rhs.length || lhs.height != rhs.height || lhs.breadth != rhs.breadth) { status = true; } return status; } public static bool operator <(Box lhs, Box rhs) { bool status = false; if (lhs.length < rhs.length && lhs.height < rhs.height && lhs.breadth < rhs.breadth) { status = true; } return status; } public static bool operator >(Box lhs, Box rhs) { bool status = false; if (lhs.length > rhs.length && lhs.height > rhs.height && lhs.breadth > rhs.breadth) { status = true; } return status; } public static bool operator <=(Box lhs, Box rhs) { bool status = false; if (lhs.length <= rhs.length && lhs.height <= rhs.height && lhs.breadth <= rhs.breadth) { status = true; } return status; } public static bool operator >=(Box lhs, Box rhs) { bool status = false; if (lhs.length >= rhs.length && lhs.height >= rhs.height && lhs.breadth >= rhs.breadth) { status = true; } return status; } public override string ToString() { return String.Format("({0}, {1}, {2})", length, breadth, height); } } class Tester { static void Main(string[] args) { Box Box1 = new Box(); // 声明 Box1,类型为 Box Box Box2 = new Box(); // 声明 Box2,类型为 Box Box Box3 = new Box(); // 声明 Box3,类型为 Box Box Box4 = new Box(); double volume = 0.0; // 体积 // Box1 详述 Box1.setLength(6.0); Box1.setBreadth(7.0); Box1.setHeight(5.0); // Box2 详述 Box2.setLength(12.0); Box2.setBreadth(13.0); Box2.setHeight(10.0); // 使用重载的 ToString() 显示两个盒子 Console.WriteLine("Box1: {0}", Box1.ToString()); Console.WriteLine("Box2: {0}", Box2.ToString()); // Box1 的体积 volume = Box1.getVolume(); Console.WriteLine("Box1 的体积: {0}", volume); // Box2 的体积 volume = Box2.getVolume(); Console.WriteLine("Box2 的体积: {0}", volume); // 把两个对象相加 Box3 = Box1 + Box2; Console.WriteLine("Box3: {0}", Box3.ToString()); // Box3 的体积 volume = Box3.getVolume(); Console.WriteLine("Box3 的体积: {0}", volume); //comparing the boxes if (Box1 > Box2) Console.WriteLine("Box1 大于 Box2"); else Console.WriteLine("Box1 不大于 Box2"); if (Box1 < Box2) Console.WriteLine("Box1 小于 Box2"); else Console.WriteLine("Box1 不小于 Box2"); if (Box1 >= Box2) Console.WriteLine("Box1 大于等于 Box2"); else Console.WriteLine("Box1 不大于等于 Box2"); if (Box1 <= Box2) Console.WriteLine("Box1 小于等于 Box2"); else Console.WriteLine("Box1 不小于等于 Box2"); if (Box1 != Box2) Console.WriteLine("Box1 不等于 Box2"); else Console.WriteLine("Box1 等于 Box2"); Box4 = Box3; if (Box3 == Box4) Console.WriteLine("Box3 等于 Box4"); else Console.WriteLine("Box3 不等于 Box4"); Console.ReadKey(); } }