素数打表，洛谷P1217 [USACO1.5]回文质数 Prime Palindromes
这道题的最后一个样例TLE(超时)了，判断素数的条件是 i*i<n
1 #include<stdio.h> 2 #include<stdlib.h> 3 #include<string.h> 4 #include<math.h> 5 int isPrime(int num) 6 { 7 for (int i = 2; i <= sqrt(num*1.0); i++) 8 if (num % i == 0) 9 return 0; 10 return 1; 11 } 12 int isRoundNum(int num) 13 { 14 char Str[20] = { 0 }; 15 sprintf(Str,"%d",num);//格式化的向字符数组中传入数字，相当于把数组转换为字符串 16 int i = strlen(Str) - 1;//尾指针 17 int j = 0;//头指针 18 while (j < i && Str[j] == Str[i])//尾指针所在位置等于头指针所在位置，则尾指针向前移动（即--），头指针向后移动（即++），直到有对称位置上不相等的字符或者头尾指针相遇时退出循环 19 { 20 j++; i--; 21 } 22 if (j >= i)return 1;//如果是因为头尾指针相遇而退出，则是回文数 23 else return 0;//如果是因为不相等退出，则不是回文数 24 } 25 int main() 26 { 27 int a, b; 28 scanf("%d %d", &a, &b); 29 for (int i = a; i <= b; i++) 30 { 31 if (i%2!=0) 32 { 33 if (isRoundNum(i)) 34 { 35 if (isPrime(i)) 36 { 37 printf("%d\n", i); 38 } 39 } 40 } 41 return 0; 42 }
于是上网学了一下素数的打表方法，打表方法多种，这里采用埃氏筛的方法
1 bool* Prime = (int*)malloc(sizeof(bool) *(Num+1));//Num是要寻找的范围的右边界，由于数组从0开始计数，故加1才能获取下标为Num的素数
//宏定义，bool为int，true为1，false为0，当i为素数时，标记Prime[i]为true，否则为false 2 memset(Prime, true, sizeof(Prime));//先全认为是素数，填充上true 3 Prime[0] = Prime[1] = false;//0，1不为素数，初始化为false 4 for (int i = a; i * i < b; i++) 5 { 6 if (Prime[i])//如果这个数是素数（这里应该先找出第一个为素数的值） 7 { 8 for (int k = i * i; k <= b; k+=i) 9 Prime[k] = false; 10 } 11 }
但是但是，我草泥马，还是过不去最后一个测试点，仍旧是TLE-_-#
而且通过洛谷IDE发现memset用法有错，对于malloc来的数组P，不能直接sizeof(P),而是应该为memset(P,true,(数组的大小)*数组类型)。如果直接sizeof(P)，只会传入4个字节
你🐎哇哇哇哇哇哇哇
通过查资料修修改改，加了一个条件 if(b>9989899)b=9989899,即直接不判断当大于9989899的数，如下
1 #include<stdio.h> 2 #include<stdlib.h> 3 #include<string.h> 4 #include<math.h> 5 #define bool char 6 #define true -1 7 #define false 0 8 int isRoundNum(int num) 9 { 10 char Str[20] = { 0 }; 11 sprintf(Str, "%d", num); 12 int i = strlen(Str) - 1; 13 int j = 0; 14 while (j < i && Str[j] == Str[i]) 15 { 16 j++; i--; 17 } 18 if (j >= i)return 1; 19 else return 0; 20 } 21 int main() 22 { 23 int a, b; 24 scanf("%d %d", &a, &b); 25 if (b > 9989899) b = 9989899; 26 bool* Prime = (bool*)malloc(sizeof(bool) * (b + 1)); 27 memset(Prime, true, (b + 1)*sizeof(bool)); 28 Prime[0] = Prime[1] = false; 29 for (int i = 2; i * i <= b; i++) 30 { 31 if (Prime[i]) 32 { 33 for (int k = i * i; k <= b; k += i) 34 Prime[k] = false; 35 } 36 } 37 for (int i = a; i <= b; i++) 38 { 39 if (Prime[i]) 40 { 41 if (isRoundNum(i)) 42 printf("%d\n", i); 43 } 44 } 45 return 0; 46 }
提交确实AC了，但是总感觉emmmm，有点钻空子的味道
查资料，发现一个定理，所有偶数位的数都不可能成为回文质数（11除外），若其为回文数，则比会被11整除
所以十位数，千位数，十万位数，千万位数都不可能存在回文质数，所以可以直接忽略这些数量级的数，属实是减少了一大截时间，而且由于本题测试数据最大1亿，所以大于一千万的数据直接不用判断了，一千万以上必定没有回文素数，也就是if(b>10000000)b=10000000;，这样就可以Ac了，当然也可以判断是否为十位数千位数十万位等，只需要判断strlen(Str)的长度即可
而且通过题解，发现了一个更简单快捷的方法——————————————————那就是
打表！
用本地IDE找出所有回文质数（没错就是所有）然后存在一个数组中，检索是只需要输出大于a小于b的数组元素即可，标准的线性复杂度（
#include<cstdio> #include<cstring> using namespace std; int a,b,db[800]={0,2,3,5,7,11,101,131,151,181, 191,313,353,373,383,727,757,787,797, 919,929,10301,10501,10601,11311,11411,12421,12721, 12821,13331,13831,13931,14341,14741,15451,15551,16061, 16361,16561,16661,17471,17971,18181,18481,19391,19891, 19991,30103,30203,30403,30703,30803,31013,31513,32323, 32423,33533,34543,34843,35053,35153,35353,35753,36263, 36563,37273,37573,38083,38183,38783,39293,70207,70507, 70607,71317,71917,72227,72727,73037,73237,73637,74047, 74747,75557,76367,76667,77377,77477,77977,78487,78787, 78887,79397,79697,79997,90709,91019,93139,93239,93739, 94049,94349,94649,94849,94949,95959,96269,96469,96769, 97379,97579,97879,98389,98689,1003001,1008001,1022201,1028201, 1035301,1043401,1055501,1062601,1065601,1074701,1082801,1085801,1092901, 1093901,1114111,1117111,1120211,1123211,1126211,1129211,1134311,1145411, 1150511,1153511,1160611,1163611,1175711,1177711,1178711,1180811,1183811, 1186811,1190911,1193911,1196911,1201021,1208021,1212121,1215121,1218121, 1221221,1235321,1242421,1243421,1245421,1250521,1253521,1257521,1262621, 1268621,1273721,1276721,1278721,1280821,1281821,1286821,1287821,1300031, 1303031,1311131,1317131,1327231,1328231,1333331,1335331,1338331,1343431, 1360631,1362631,1363631,1371731,1374731,1390931,1407041,1409041,1411141, 1412141,1422241,1437341,1444441,1447441,1452541,1456541,1461641,1463641, 1464641,1469641,1486841,1489841,1490941,1496941,1508051,1513151,1520251, 1532351,1535351,1542451,1548451,1550551,1551551,1556551,1557551,1565651, 1572751,1579751,1580851,1583851,1589851,1594951,1597951,1598951,1600061, 1609061,1611161,1616161,1628261,1630361,1633361,1640461,1643461,1646461, 1654561,1657561,1658561,1660661,1670761,1684861,1685861,1688861,1695961, 1703071,1707071,1712171,1714171,1730371,1734371,1737371,1748471,1755571, 1761671,1764671,1777771,1793971,1802081,1805081,1820281,1823281,1824281, 1826281,1829281,1831381,1832381,1842481,1851581,1853581,1856581,1865681, 1876781,1878781,1879781,1880881,1881881,1883881,1884881,1895981,1903091, 1908091,1909091,1917191,1924291,1930391,1936391,1941491,1951591,1952591, 1957591,1958591,1963691,1968691,1969691,1970791,1976791,1981891,1982891, 1984891,1987891,1988891,1993991,1995991,1998991,3001003,3002003,3007003, 3016103,3026203,3064603,3065603,3072703,3073703,3075703,3083803,3089803, 3091903,3095903,3103013,3106013,3127213,3135313,3140413,3155513,3158513, 3160613,3166613,3181813,3187813,3193913,3196913,3198913,3211123,3212123, 3218123,3222223,3223223,3228223,3233323,3236323,3241423,3245423,3252523, 3256523,3258523,3260623,3267623,3272723,3283823,3285823,3286823,3288823, 3291923,3293923,3304033,3305033,3307033,3310133,3315133,3319133,3321233, 3329233,3331333,3337333,3343433,3353533,3362633,3364633,3365633,3368633, 3380833,3391933,3392933,3400043,3411143,3417143,3424243,3425243,3427243, 3439343,3441443,3443443,3444443,3447443,3449443,3452543,3460643,3466643, 3470743,3479743,3485843,3487843,3503053,3515153,3517153,3528253,3541453, 3553553,3558553,3563653,3569653,3586853,3589853,3590953,3591953,3594953, 3601063,3607063,3618163,3621263,3627263,3635363,3643463,3646463,3670763, 3673763,3680863,3689863,3698963,3708073,3709073,3716173,3717173,3721273, 3722273,3728273,3732373,3743473,3746473,3762673,3763673,3765673,3768673, 3769673,3773773,3774773,3781873,3784873,3792973,3793973,3799973,3804083, 3806083,3812183,3814183,3826283,3829283,3836383,3842483,3853583,3858583, 3863683,3864683,3867683,3869683,3871783,3878783,3893983,3899983,3913193, 3916193,3918193,3924293,3927293,3931393,3938393,3942493,3946493,3948493, 3964693,3970793,3983893,3991993,3994993,3997993,3998993,7014107,7035307, 7036307,7041407,7046407,7057507,7065607,7069607,7073707,7079707,7082807, 7084807,7087807,7093907,7096907,7100017,7114117,7115117,7118117,7129217, 7134317,7136317,7141417,7145417,7155517,7156517,7158517,7159517,7177717, 7190917,7194917,7215127,7226227,7246427,7249427,7250527,7256527,7257527, 7261627,7267627,7276727,7278727,7291927,7300037,7302037,7310137,7314137, 7324237,7327237,7347437,7352537,7354537,7362637,7365637,7381837,7388837, 7392937,7401047,7403047,7409047,7415147,7434347,7436347,7439347,7452547, 7461647,7466647,7472747,7475747,7485847,7486847,7489847,7493947,7507057, 7508057,7518157,7519157,7521257,7527257,7540457,7562657,7564657,7576757, 7586857,7592957,7594957,7600067,7611167,7619167,7622267,7630367,7632367, 7644467,7654567,7662667,7665667,7666667,7668667,7669667,7674767,7681867, 7690967,7693967,7696967,7715177,7718177,7722277,7729277,7733377,7742477, 7747477,7750577,7758577,7764677,7772777,7774777,7778777,7782877,7783877, 7791977,7794977,7807087,7819187,7820287,7821287,7831387,7832387,7838387, 7843487,7850587,7856587,7865687,7867687,7868687,7873787,7884887,7891987, 7897987,7913197,7916197,7930397,7933397,7935397,7938397,7941497,7943497, 7949497,7957597,7958597,7960697,7977797,7984897,7985897,7987897,7996997, 9002009,9015109,9024209,9037309,9042409,9043409,9045409,9046409,9049409, 9067609,9073709,9076709,9078709,9091909,9095909,9103019,9109019,9110119, 9127219,9128219,9136319,9149419,9169619,9173719,9174719,9179719,9185819, 9196919,9199919,9200029,9209029,9212129,9217129,9222229,9223229,9230329, 9231329,9255529,9269629,9271729,9277729,9280829,9286829,9289829,9318139, 9320239,9324239,9329239,9332339,9338339,9351539,9357539,9375739,9384839, 9397939,9400049,9414149,9419149,9433349,9439349,9440449,9446449,9451549, 9470749,9477749,9492949,9493949,9495949,9504059,9514159,9526259,9529259, 9547459,9556559,9558559,9561659,9577759,9583859,9585859,9586859,9601069, 9602069,9604069,9610169,9620269,9624269,9626269,9632369,9634369,9645469, 9650569,9657569,9670769,9686869,9700079,9709079,9711179,9714179,9724279, 9727279,9732379,9733379,9743479,9749479,9752579,9754579,9758579,9762679, 9770779,9776779,9779779,9781879,9782879,9787879,9788879,9795979,9801089, 9807089,9809089,9817189,9818189,9820289,9822289,9836389,9837389,9845489, 9852589,9871789,9888889,9889889,9896989,9902099,9907099,9908099,9916199, 9918199,9919199,9921299,9923299,9926299,9927299,9931399,9932399,9935399, 9938399,9957599,9965699,9978799,9980899,9981899,9989899, 781};//哈哈^-^# int main() { scanf("%d %d",&a,&b); for(int i=1;i<=781;i++) if(db[i]>=a && db[i]<=b) printf("%d\n",db[i]); return 0; }
无敌！
