Random 类作为JAVA中用于产生的随机数 ,new  Random(10)  :10是种子数。
注意:Random 的一个特点是:相同种子数的Random对象,对应相同次数生成的随机数字是完全相同
 
验证代码:
       Random r1 = new Random(10);
 
        Random r2 = new Random(10);
 
        for(int i = 0;i < 4;i++){
 
                 System.out.println(r1.nextInt(5));
        }
System.out.println("++++++++++++++++++++++");
        for(int i = 0;i < 4;i++){
 
                 System.out.println(r2.nextInt(5));
        }
结果:r1 产生的随机数
3
0
3
0
++++++++++++++++++++++
3       r2产生的随机数
0
3
0
换成: 
System.out.println(r1.nextDouble(5))System.out.println(r2.nextDouble(5))
结果:
0.7304302967434272
0.2578027905957804
0.059201965811244595
0.24411725056425315
++++++++++++++++++++++
0.7304302967434272
0.2578027905957804
0.059201965811244595
0.24411725056425315
 
分析: 虽然说是随机数发生器,但是还是按照某种算法一步一步执行下去的,种子数一定算法一样那么同一时刻的产生的数值当然该一样了!!
 

* @param seed the initial seed
* @see #setSeed(long)
*/

++++++++++++++++++带种子数的构造方法+++++++++++++
public Random(long seed) {
if (getClass() == Random.class)
this.seed = new AtomicLong(initialScramble(seed));
else {
// subclass might have overriden setSeed
this.seed = new AtomicLong();
setSeed(seed);
}
}

++++++++++++++netInt方法带参数的那个源码++++++++++++

* @since 1.2
*/

public int nextInt(int n) {
if (n <= 0)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("n must be positive");

if ((n & -n) == n) // i.e., n is a power of 2
return (int)((n * (long)next(31)) >> 31);

int bits, val;
do {
bits = next(31);
val = bits % n;
} while (bits - val + (n-1) < 0);
return val;
}

可见Random的种子要求 大于0 的 。。。

+++++++++++++++nextDoublef方法实现+++++++++++

public double nextDouble() {
return (((long)(next(26)) << 27) + next(27))
/ (double)(1L << 53);
}

+++++++++++++++nextFloat方法实现+++++++++++++

public float nextFloat() {
return next(24) / ((float)(1 << 24));
}

 

+++++++++++++++++nextInt方法实现:++++++++++
public int nextInt() {
return next(32);
}

 
可见所有的随机数产生都和一个叫 next方法有关,这个方法是这样的:

* @since 1.1
*/
protected int next(int bits) {
long oldseed, nextseed;
AtomicLong seed = this.seed;
do {
oldseed = seed.get();
nextseed = (oldseed * multiplier + addend) & mask;
} while (!seed.compareAndSet(oldseed, nextseed));
return (int)(nextseed >>> (48 - bits));
}

 
拓展:

Math类中也有一个random方法,该random方法的工作是生成一个[0,1.0)区间的随机小数。

通过阅读Math类的源代码可以发现,Math类中的random方法就是直接调用Random类中的nextDouble方法实现的。

* @see Random#nextDouble()
*/
public static double random() {
Random rnd = randomNumberGenerator;
if (rnd == null) rnd = initRNG();
return rnd.nextDouble();
}

 

posted on 2013-10-20 09:37  Coffee_Guy  阅读(23731)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报