Spring Boot 配置两个Rabbit Mq

 1.背景

一个spring boot项目配置一个rabbit mq很常见，如何配置两个以及两个以上的mq？本篇文章将结合代码说明如何配置两个rabbit mq(talk is cheap, show me the code)。

2.项目结构

1. <groupId>cn.honorzhang</groupId>
2. <artifactId>my-springboot-rabbitmq</artifactId>
3. <version>1.0.0</version>
4. <modules>
5. <module>my-springboot-rabbitmq-amqp</module>
6. <module>my-springboot-rabbitmq-model</module>
7. </modules>
8. <packaging>pom</packaging>
9. <parent>
10. <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
11. <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
12. <version>2.2.7.RELEASE</version></parent>

如上代码所示，本项目包含两个模型，一个model模型，主要定义mq传递消息所用的模型，解析mq消息并转换成自己设计的模型。amqp模型主要是两个mq的配置，mq的公共配置，以及收发消息的逻辑代码。本例中定义了两个mq，分别包含消息的生产，消息的接收。

3.代码的讲解

3.1 mq的配置

1. spring.rabbitmq.first.host=${spring.rabbitmq.first.host}
2. spring.rabbitmq.first.port=${spring.rabbitmq.first.port}
3. spring.rabbitmq.first.user=${spring.rabbitmq.first.user}
4. spring.rabbitmq.first.password=${spring.rabbitmq.first.password}
5. spring.rabbitmq.first.virtual-host=${spring.rabbitmq.first.virtual-host}
6. spring.rabbitmq.first.exchange=${spring.rabbitmq.first.exchange}
7. spring.rabbitmq.first.routing.key=${spring.rabbitmq.first.routing.key}

其中queue的名称配置为环境变量，在消费端@RabbitListener中直接读取此环境变量的值。

3.2 配置代码

1. @Configuration
2. @PropertySource(value = "classpath:first-mq-config.properties")
3. public class FirstMqConfig {
4.  
5. @Bean(name = "firstConnectionFactory")
6. @Primary
7. public ConnectionFactory firstConnectionFactory(
8. @Value("${spring.rabbitmq.first.host}") String host,
9. @Value("${spring.rabbitmq.first.port}") String port,
10. @Value("${spring.rabbitmq.first.user}") String username,
11. @Value("${spring.rabbitmq.first.password}") String password,
12. @Value("${spring.rabbitmq.first.virtual-host}") String virtualHost){
13.  
14. return constructConnectionFactory(host, port, username, password, virtualHost);
15. }
16.  
17. @Bean(name = "firstRabbitTemplate")
18. public RabbitTemplate firstRabbitTemplate(
19. @Qualifier("firstConnectionFactory") ConnectionFactory connectionFactory
20. ) {
21. RabbitTemplate firstRabbitTemplate = new RabbitTemplate(connectionFactory);
22. return firstRabbitTemplate;
23. }
24.  
25.  
26. // 配置监听1
27. @Bean(name = "firstFactory")
28. public SimpleRabbitListenerContainerFactory firstFactory(
29. SimpleRabbitListenerContainerFactoryConfigurer configurer,
30. @Qualifier("firstConnectionFactory") ConnectionFactory connectionFactory
31. ) {
32. SimpleRabbitListenerContainerFactory factory = new SimpleRabbitListenerContainerFactory();
33. configurer.configure(factory, connectionFactory);
34. return factory;
35. }
36.  
37.  
38.  
39.  
40. private ConnectionFactory constructConnectionFactory(
41. String host, String port, String username, String password, String virtualHost){
42. CachingConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new CachingConnectionFactory();
43. connectionFactory.setHost(host);
44. connectionFactory.setPort(Integer.parseInt(port));
45. connectionFactory.setUsername(username);
46. connectionFactory.setPassword(password);
47. connectionFactory.setVirtualHost(virtualHost);
48.  
49. return connectionFactory;
50. }
51.  
52. }

还有mq的一般配置，对于发送消息的序列化配置，以及接收消息的模型转换配置

1. @Configuration
2. public class MqCommonConfig {
3. @Bean
4. public MessageConverter jackson2JsonMessageConverter(){
5. return new Jackson2JsonMessageConverter();
6. }
7.  
8. /**
9. * 解决方法:添加这个类进行序列化解析
10. * 会自动识别
11. * @param objectMapper json序列化实现类
12. * @return mq 消息序列化工具
13. */
14. @Bean
15. public MessageConverter jsonMessageConverter(ObjectMapper objectMapper) {
16. return new Jackson2JsonMessageConverter(objectMapper);
17. }
18. }

3.3 消费端与生产代码配置

生产端代码

1. @Resource(name = "firstRabbitTemplate")
2. private RabbitTemplate firstRabbitTemplate;
3.  
4.  
5. @Value("${spring.rabbitmq.first.exchange:@null}")
6. private String firstExchange;
7.  
8. @Value("${spring.rabbitmq.first.routing.key:@null}")
9. private String firstRoutingKeyRoute;
10.  
11.  
12. public void sendMessageByFirstMq() {
13. RabbitMqMsg rabbitMqMsg = constructMqMsg("first", "**********first**********");
14. log.info("-------------------send first rabbit mq info-----------------");
15. firstRabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(
16. firstExchange, firstRoutingKeyRoute, rabbitMqMsg, generateMqHeader());
17.  
18. }
19.  
20.  
21. private RabbitMqMsg constructMqMsg(String id, String text) {
22.  
23. return RabbitMqMsg.builder()
24. .msgId(id)
25. .msgText(text)
26. .build();
27.  
28. }
29.  
30.  
31. private MessagePostProcessor generateMqHeader() {
32. return message -> {
33. MessageProperties properties = message.getMessageProperties();
34. properties.setHeader("content-type", "application/json");
35. properties.setHeader("content-encoding", "UTF-8");
36. return message;
37. };
38. }

消费端代码

1. @RabbitListener(queues = "${spring.rabbitmq.first.queue.name}", containerFactory="firstFactory")
2. public void processFirstMqMessage(@Payload RabbitMqMsg message) {
3. log.info("**********processMessage first message****************: {}", message);
4. }

4.运行结果

第三部分的代码只展示了配置一个mq，配置多个mq是依葫芦画瓢，自行配置即可，本例中作者配置了两个mq，分别发送消息与接收消息，最后结果如下图所示。

5.代码地址

本篇博客的完整代码地址为github

6.最后的话

本篇博客给出了spring boot配置多个mq的实例，代码在实际应用中跑通，欢迎一起交流。