Npoi导入导出Excel操作
之前公司的一个物流商系统需要实现对订单的批量导入和导出，翻阅了一些资料，最后考虑使用NPOI实现这个需求。
在winform上面实现excel操作:http://www.cnblogs.com/CallmeYhz/p/4920293.html,NPOI的主页：http://npoi.codeplex.com/
简介
NPOI 是 POI 项目的 .NET 版本。POI是一个开源的Java读写Excel、WORD等微软OLE2组件文档的项目, 使用 NPOI 你就可以在没有安装 Office 或者相应环境的机器上对 WORD/EXCEL 文档进行读写。NPOI是构建在POI 3.x版本之上的，它可以在没有安装Office的情况下对Word/Excel文档进行读写操作。
使用NPOI的优势
1、您可以完全免费使用该框架
2、包含了大部分EXCEL的特性(单元格样式、数据格式、公式等等)
3、专业的技术支持服务(24*7全天候) (非免费)
5、采用面向接口的设计架构( 可以查看 NPOI.SS 的命名空间)
6、同时支持文件的导入和导出
7、基于.net 2.0 也支持xlsx 和 docx格式(当然也支持.net 4.0)
8、来自全世界大量成功且真实的测试Cases
9、大量的实例代码
11、你不需要在服务器上安装微软的Office，可以避免版权问题。
12、使用起来比Office PIA的API更加方便，更人性化。
13、你不用去花大力气维护NPOI，NPOI Team会不断更新、改善NPOI，绝对省成本。
程序集构成
| Assembly名称 | 模块/命名空间 | 说明 |
| NPOI.DLL | NPOI.POIFS | OLE2/ActiveX文档属性读写库 |
| NPOI.DLL | NPOI.DDF | 微软Office Drawing读写库 |
| NPOI.DLL | NPOI.HPSF | OLE2/ActiveX文档读写库 |
| NPOI.DLL | NPOI.HSSF | 微软Excel BIFF(Excel 97-2003, doc)格式读写库 |
| NPOI.DLL | NPOI.SS | Excel公用接口及Excel公式计算引擎 |
| NPOI.DLL | NPOI.Util | 基础类库，提供了很多实用功能，可用于其他读写文件格式项目的开发 |
| NPOI.OOXML.DLL | NPOI.XSSF | Excel 2007(xlsx)格式读写库 |
| NPOI.OOXML.DLL | NPOI.XWPF | Word 2007(docx)格式读写库 |
| NPOI.OpenXml4Net.DLL | NPOI.OpenXml4Net | OpenXml底层zip包读写库 |
| NPOI.OpenXmlFormats.DLL | NPOI.OpenXmlFormats | 微软Office OpenXml对象关系库 |
类库
使用NuGet引入包，也可以手动导入
再添加一个ExcelHelper操作类，网络上很多，我优化了一些细节，并且自测没问题，附上ExcelHelper操作类:
using System; using System.Data; using System.IO; using System.Text; using System.Web; using NPOI.HPSF; using NPOI.HSSF.UserModel; using NPOI.SS.UserModel; namespace ExcelOperate { public class ExcelHelper { /// <summary> /// DataTable导出到Excel文件 /// </summary> /// <param name="dtSource">源DataTable</param> /// <param name="strHeaderText">表头文本</param> /// <param name="strFileName">保存位置</param> /// <param name="strSheetName">工作表名称</param> /// <Author>CallmeYhz 2015-11-26 10:13:09</Author> public static void Export(DataTable dtSource, string strHeaderText, string strFileName, string strSheetName, string[] oldColumnNames, string[] newColumnNames) { if (strSheetName == "") { strSheetName = "Sheet"; } using (MemoryStream ms = Export(dtSource, strHeaderText, strSheetName, oldColumnNames, newColumnNames)) { using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(strFileName, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write)) { byte[] data = ms.ToArray(); fs.Write(data, 0, data.Length); fs.Flush(); } } } /// <summary> /// DataTable导出到Excel文件（无表头）另外的是有表头的 /// </summary> /// <param name="dtSource">源DataTable</param> /// <param name="strHeaderText">表头文本</param> /// <param name="strFileName">保存位置</param> /// <param name="strSheetName">工作表名称</param> /// <Author>CallmeYhz 2015-11-26 10:13:09</Author> public static void MyExport(DataTable dtSource, string strHeaderText, string strFileName, string strSheetName, string[] oldColumnNames, string[] newColumnNames) { if (strSheetName == "") { strSheetName = "Sheet"; } MemoryStream getms = new MemoryStream(); #region 为getms赋值 if (oldColumnNames.Length != newColumnNames.Length) { getms= new MemoryStream(); } HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(); //HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.CreateSheet();// workbook.CreateSheet(); ISheet sheet = workbook.CreateSheet(strSheetName); #region 右击文件 属性信息 { DocumentSummaryInformation dsi = PropertySetFactory.CreateDocumentSummaryInformation(); dsi.Company = "http://....../"; workbook.DocumentSummaryInformation = dsi; SummaryInformation si = PropertySetFactory.CreateSummaryInformation(); if (HttpContext.Current.Session["realname"] != null) { si.Author = HttpContext.Current.Session["realname"].ToString(); } else { if (HttpContext.Current.Session["username"] != null) { si.Author = HttpContext.Current.Session["username"].ToString(); } } //填加xls文件作者信息 si.ApplicationName = "NPOI"; //填加xls文件创建程序信息 si.LastAuthor = "OA系统"; //填加xls文件最后保存者信息 si.Comments = "OA系统自动创建文件"; //填加xls文件作者信息 si.Title = strHeaderText; //填加xls文件标题信息 si.Subject = strHeaderText; //填加文件主题信息 si.CreateDateTime = DateTime.Now; workbook.SummaryInformation = si; } #endregion ICellStyle dateStyle = workbook.CreateCellStyle(); IDataFormat format = workbook.CreateDataFormat(); dateStyle.DataFormat = format.GetFormat("yyyy-mm-dd"); #region 取得列宽 int[] arrColWidth = new int[oldColumnNames.Length]; for (int i = 0; i < oldColumnNames.Length; i++) { arrColWidth[i] = Encoding.GetEncoding(936).GetBytes(newColumnNames[i]).Length; } /* foreach (DataColumn item in dtSource.Columns) { arrColWidth[item.Ordinal] = Encoding.GetEncoding(936).GetBytes(item.ColumnName.ToString()).Length; } * */ for (int i = 0; i < dtSource.Rows.Count; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < oldColumnNames.Length; j++) { int intTemp = Encoding.GetEncoding(936).GetBytes(dtSource.Rows[i][oldColumnNames[j]].ToString()).Length; if (intTemp > arrColWidth[j]) { arrColWidth[j] = intTemp; } } /* for (int j = 0; j < dtSource.Columns.Count; j++) { int intTemp = Encoding.GetEncoding(936).GetBytes(dtSource.Rows[i][j].ToString()).Length; if (intTemp > arrColWidth[j]) { arrColWidth[j] = intTemp; } } * */ } #endregion int rowIndex = 0; foreach (DataRow row in dtSource.Rows) { #region 新建表，填充表头，填充列头，样式 if (rowIndex == 65535 || rowIndex == 0) { if (rowIndex != 0) { sheet = workbook.CreateSheet(strSheetName + ((int)rowIndex / 65535).ToString()); } #region 列头及样式 { //HSSFRow headerRow = sheet.CreateRow(1); IRow headerRow = sheet.CreateRow(0); ICellStyle headStyle = workbook.CreateCellStyle(); headStyle.Alignment = HorizontalAlignment.Center; IFont font = workbook.CreateFont(); font.FontHeightInPoints = 10; font.Boldweight = 700; headStyle.SetFont(font); for (int i = 0; i < oldColumnNames.Length; i++) { headerRow.CreateCell(i).SetCellValue(newColumnNames[i]); headerRow.GetCell(i).CellStyle = headStyle; //设置列宽 sheet.SetColumnWidth(i, (arrColWidth[i] + 1) * 256); } /* foreach (DataColumn column in dtSource.Columns) { headerRow.CreateCell(column.Ordinal).SetCellValue(column.ColumnName); headerRow.GetCell(column.Ordinal).CellStyle = headStyle; //设置列宽 sheet.SetColumnWidth(column.Ordinal, (arrColWidth[column.Ordinal] + 1) * 256); } * */ } #endregion rowIndex = 1; } #endregion #region 填充内容 IRow dataRow = sheet.CreateRow(rowIndex); //foreach (DataColumn column in dtSource.Columns) for (int i = 0; i < oldColumnNames.Length; i++) { ICell newCell = dataRow.CreateCell(i); string drValue = row[oldColumnNames[i]].ToString(); switch (dtSource.Columns[oldColumnNames[i]].DataType.ToString()) { case "System.String"://字符串类型 newCell.SetCellValue(drValue); break; case "System.DateTime"://日期类型 DateTime dateV; DateTime.TryParse(drValue, out dateV); newCell.SetCellValue(dateV); newCell.CellStyle = dateStyle;//格式化显示 break; case "System.Boolean"://布尔型 bool boolV = false; bool.TryParse(drValue, out boolV); newCell.SetCellValue(boolV); break; case "System.Int16"://整型 case "System.Int32": case "System.Int64": case "System.Byte": int intV = 0; int.TryParse(drValue, out intV); newCell.SetCellValue(intV); break; case "System.Decimal"://浮点型 case "System.Double": double doubV = 0; double.TryParse(drValue, out doubV); newCell.SetCellValue(doubV); break; case "System.DBNull"://空值处理 newCell.SetCellValue(""); break; default: newCell.SetCellValue(""); break; } } #endregion rowIndex++; } using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream()) { workbook.Write(ms); ms.Flush(); ms.Position = 0; //sheet.Dispose(); sheet = null; workbook = null; //workbook.Dispose();//一般只用写这一个就OK了，他会遍历并释放所有资源，但当前版本有问题所以只释放sheet getms= ms; } #endregion using (MemoryStream ms = getms) { using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(strFileName, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write)) { byte[] data = ms.ToArray(); fs.Write(data, 0, data.Length); fs.Flush(); } } } /// <summary> /// DataTable导出到Excel的MemoryStream /// </summary> /// <param name="dtSource">源DataTable</param> /// <param name="strHeaderText">表头文本</param> /// <param name="strSheetName">工作表名称</param> /// <Author>CallmeYhz 2015-11-26 10:13:09</Author> public static MemoryStream Export(DataTable dtSource, string strHeaderText, string strSheetName, string[] oldColumnNames, string[] newColumnNames) { if (oldColumnNames.Length != newColumnNames.Length) { return new MemoryStream(); } HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(); //HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.CreateSheet();// workbook.CreateSheet(); ISheet sheet = workbook.CreateSheet(strSheetName); #region 右击文件 属性信息 { DocumentSummaryInformation dsi = PropertySetFactory.CreateDocumentSummaryInformation(); dsi.Company = "http://....../"; workbook.DocumentSummaryInformation = dsi; SummaryInformation si = PropertySetFactory.CreateSummaryInformation(); if (HttpContext.Current.Session["realname"] != null) { si.Author = HttpContext.Current.Session["realname"].ToString(); } else { if (HttpContext.Current.Session["username"] != null) { si.Author = HttpContext.Current.Session["username"].ToString(); } } //填加xls文件作者信息 si.ApplicationName = "NPOI"; //填加xls文件创建程序信息 si.LastAuthor = "OA系统"; //填加xls文件最后保存者信息 si.Comments = "OA系统自动创建文件"; //填加xls文件作者信息 si.Title = strHeaderText; //填加xls文件标题信息 si.Subject = strHeaderText; //填加文件主题信息 si.CreateDateTime = DateTime.Now; workbook.SummaryInformation = si; } #endregion ICellStyle dateStyle = workbook.CreateCellStyle(); IDataFormat format = workbook.CreateDataFormat(); dateStyle.DataFormat = format.GetFormat("yyyy-mm-dd"); #region 取得列宽 int[] arrColWidth = new int[oldColumnNames.Length]; for (int i = 0; i < oldColumnNames.Length; i++) { arrColWidth[i] = Encoding.GetEncoding(936).GetBytes(newColumnNames[i]).Length; } /* foreach (DataColumn item in dtSource.Columns) { arrColWidth[item.Ordinal] = Encoding.GetEncoding(936).GetBytes(item.ColumnName.ToString()).Length; } * */ for (int i = 0; i < dtSource.Rows.Count; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < oldColumnNames.Length; j++) { int intTemp = Encoding.GetEncoding(936).GetBytes(dtSource.Rows[i][oldColumnNames[j]].ToString()).Length; if (intTemp > arrColWidth[j]) { arrColWidth[j] = intTemp; } } /* for (int j = 0; j < dtSource.Columns.Count; j++) { int intTemp = Encoding.GetEncoding(936).GetBytes(dtSource.Rows[i][j].ToString()).Length; if (intTemp > arrColWidth[j]) { arrColWidth[j] = intTemp; } } * */ } #endregion int rowIndex = 0; foreach (DataRow row in dtSource.Rows) { #region 新建表，填充表头，填充列头，样式 if (rowIndex == 65535 || rowIndex == 0) { if (rowIndex != 0) { sheet = workbook.CreateSheet(strSheetName + ((int)rowIndex / 65535).ToString()); } #region 表头及样式 { IRow headerRow = sheet.CreateRow(0); headerRow.HeightInPoints = 25; headerRow.CreateCell(0).SetCellValue(strHeaderText); ICellStyle headStyle = workbook.CreateCellStyle(); headStyle.Alignment = HorizontalAlignment.Center; IFont font = workbook.CreateFont(); font.FontHeightInPoints = 20; font.Boldweight = 700; headStyle.SetFont(font); headerRow.GetCell(0).CellStyle = headStyle; //sheet.AddMergedRegion(new Region(0, 0, 0, dtSource.Columns.Count - 1)); sheet.AddMergedRegion(new NPOI.SS.Util.CellRangeAddress(0, 0, 0, dtSource.Columns.Count - 1)); } #endregion #region 列头及样式 { //HSSFRow headerRow = sheet.CreateRow(1); IRow headerRow = sheet.CreateRow(1); ICellStyle headStyle = workbook.CreateCellStyle(); headStyle.Alignment = HorizontalAlignment.Center; IFont font = workbook.CreateFont(); font.FontHeightInPoints = 10; font.Boldweight = 700; headStyle.SetFont(font); for (int i = 0; i < oldColumnNames.Length; i++) { headerRow.CreateCell(i).SetCellValue(newColumnNames[i]); headerRow.GetCell(i).CellStyle = headStyle; //设置列宽 sheet.SetColumnWidth(i, (arrColWidth[i] + 1) * 256); } /* foreach (DataColumn column in dtSource.Columns) { headerRow.CreateCell(column.Ordinal).SetCellValue(column.ColumnName); headerRow.GetCell(column.Ordinal).CellStyle = headStyle; //设置列宽 sheet.SetColumnWidth(column.Ordinal, (arrColWidth[column.Ordinal] + 1) * 256); } * */ } #endregion rowIndex = 2; } #endregion #region 填充内容 IRow dataRow = sheet.CreateRow(rowIndex); //foreach (DataColumn column in dtSource.Columns) for (int i = 0; i < oldColumnNames.Length; i++) { ICell newCell = dataRow.CreateCell(i); string drValue = row[oldColumnNames[i]].ToString(); switch (dtSource.Columns[oldColumnNames[i]].DataType.ToString()) { case "System.String"://字符串类型 newCell.SetCellValue(drValue); break; case "System.DateTime"://日期类型 DateTime dateV; DateTime.TryParse(drValue, out dateV); newCell.SetCellValue(dateV); newCell.CellStyle = dateStyle;//格式化显示 break; case "System.Boolean"://布尔型 bool boolV = false; bool.TryParse(drValue, out boolV); newCell.SetCellValue(boolV); break; case "System.Int16"://整型 case "System.Int32": case "System.Int64": case "System.Byte": int intV = 0; int.TryParse(drValue, out intV); newCell.SetCellValue(intV); break; case "System.Decimal"://浮点型 case "System.Double": double doubV = 0; double.TryParse(drValue, out doubV); newCell.SetCellValue(doubV); break; case "System.DBNull"://空值处理 newCell.SetCellValue(""); break; default: newCell.SetCellValue(""); break; } } #endregion rowIndex++; } using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream()) { workbook.Write(ms); ms.Flush(); ms.Position = 0; //sheet.Dispose(); sheet = null; workbook = null; //workbook.Dispose();//一般只用写这一个就OK了，他会遍历并释放所有资源，但当前版本有问题所以只释放sheet return ms; } } /// <summary> /// WEB导出DataTable到Excel /// </summary> /// <param name="dtSource">源DataTable</param> /// <param name="strHeaderText">表头文本</param> /// <param name="strFileName">文件名</param> /// <Author>CallmeYhz 2015-11-26 10:13:09</Author> public static void ExportByWeb(DataTable dtSource, string strHeaderText, string strFileName) { ExportByWeb(dtSource, strHeaderText, strFileName, "sheet"); } /// <summary> /// WEB导出DataTable到Excel /// </summary> /// <param name="dtSource">源DataTable</param> /// <param name="strHeaderText">表头文本</param> /// <param name="strFileName">输出文件名，包含扩展名</param> /// <param name="oldColumnNames">要导出的DataTable列数组</param> /// <param name="newColumnNames">导出后的对应列名</param> public static void ExportByWeb(DataTable dtSource, string strHeaderText, string strFileName, string[] oldColumnNames, string[] newColumnNames) { ExportByWeb(dtSource, strHeaderText, strFileName, "sheet", oldColumnNames, newColumnNames); } /// <summary> /// WEB导出DataTable到Excel /// </summary> /// <param name="dtSource">源DataTable</param> /// <param name="strHeaderText">表头文本</param> /// <param name="strFileName">输出文件名</param> /// <param name="strSheetName">工作表名称</param> public static void ExportByWeb(DataTable dtSource, string strHeaderText, string strFileName, string strSheetName) { HttpContext curContext = HttpContext.Current; // 设置编码和附件格式 curContext.Response.ContentType = "application/vnd.ms-excel"; curContext.Response.ContentEncoding = Encoding.UTF8; curContext.Response.Charset = ""; curContext.Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + HttpUtility.UrlEncode(strFileName, Encoding.UTF8)); //生成列 string columns = ""; for (int i = 0; i < dtSource.Columns.Count; i++) { if (i > 0) { columns += ","; } columns += dtSource.Columns[i].ColumnName; } curContext.Response.BinaryWrite(Export(dtSource, strHeaderText, strSheetName, columns.Split(','), columns.Split(',')).GetBuffer()); curContext.Response.End(); } /// <summary> /// 导出DataTable到Excel /// </summary> /// <param name="dtSource">要导出的DataTable</param> /// <param name="strHeaderText">标题文字</param> /// <param name="strFileName">文件名，包含扩展名</param> /// <param name="strSheetName">工作表名</param> /// <param name="oldColumnNames">要导出的DataTable列数组</param> /// <param name="newColumnNames">导出后的对应列名</param> public static void ExportByWeb(DataTable dtSource, string strHeaderText, string strFileName, string strSheetName, string[] oldColumnNames, string[] newColumnNames) { HttpContext curContext = HttpContext.Current; // 设置编码和附件格式 curContext.Response.ContentType = "application/vnd.ms-excel"; curContext.Response.ContentEncoding = Encoding.UTF8; curContext.Response.Charset = ""; curContext.Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + HttpUtility.UrlEncode(strFileName, Encoding.UTF8)); curContext.Response.BinaryWrite(Export(dtSource, strHeaderText, strSheetName, oldColumnNames, newColumnNames).GetBuffer()); curContext.Response.End(); } /// <summary>读取excel /// 默认第一行为表头，导入第一个工作表 /// </summary> /// <param name="strFileName">excel文档路径</param> /// <returns></returns> public static DataTable Import(string strFileName) { DataTable dt = new DataTable(); HSSFWorkbook hssfworkbook; using (FileStream file = new FileStream(strFileName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read)) { hssfworkbook = new HSSFWorkbook(file); } ISheet sheet = hssfworkbook.GetSheetAt(0); System.Collections.IEnumerator rows = sheet.GetRowEnumerator(); IRow headerRow = sheet.GetRow(0); int cellCount = headerRow.LastCellNum; for (int j = 0; j < cellCount; j++) { ICell cell = headerRow.GetCell(j); dt.Columns.Add(cell.ToString()); } for (int i = (sheet.FirstRowNum + 1); i <= sheet.LastRowNum; i++) { IRow row = sheet.GetRow(i); DataRow dataRow = dt.NewRow(); for (int j = row.FirstCellNum; j < cellCount; j++) { if (row.GetCell(j) != null) dataRow[j] = row.GetCell(j).ToString(); } dt.Rows.Add(dataRow); } return dt; } /// <summary> /// 从Excel中获取数据到DataTable /// </summary> /// <param name="strFileName">Excel文件全路径(服务器路径)</param> /// <param name="SheetName">要获取数据的工作表名称</param> /// <param name="HeaderRowIndex">工作表标题行所在行号(从0开始)</param> /// <returns></returns> public static DataTable RenderDataTableFromExcel(string strFileName, string SheetName, int HeaderRowIndex) { using (FileStream file = new FileStream(strFileName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read)) { IWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(file); ISheet sheet = workbook.GetSheet(SheetName); return RenderDataTableFromExcel(workbook, SheetName, HeaderRowIndex); } } /// <summary> /// 从Excel中获取数据到DataTable /// </summary> /// <param name="strFileName">Excel文件全路径(服务器路径)</param> /// <param name="SheetIndex">要获取数据的工作表序号(从0开始)</param> /// <param name="HeaderRowIndex">工作表标题行所在行号(从0开始)</param> /// <returns></returns> public static DataTable RenderDataTableFromExcel(string strFileName, int SheetIndex, int HeaderRowIndex) { using (FileStream file = new FileStream(strFileName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read)) { IWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(file); string SheetName = workbook.GetSheetName(SheetIndex); return RenderDataTableFromExcel(workbook, SheetName, HeaderRowIndex); } } /// <summary> /// 从Excel中获取数据到DataTable /// </summary> /// <param name="ExcelFileStream">Excel文件流</param> /// <param name="SheetName">要获取数据的工作表名称</param> /// <param name="HeaderRowIndex">工作表标题行所在行号(从0开始)</param> /// <returns></returns> public static DataTable RenderDataTableFromExcel(Stream ExcelFileStream, string SheetName, int HeaderRowIndex) { IWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(ExcelFileStream); ExcelFileStream.Close(); return RenderDataTableFromExcel(workbook, SheetName, HeaderRowIndex); } /// <summary> /// 从Excel中获取数据到DataTable /// </summary> /// <param name="ExcelFileStream">Excel文件流</param> /// <param name="SheetIndex">要获取数据的工作表序号(从0开始)</param> /// <param name="HeaderRowIndex">工作表标题行所在行号(从0开始)</param> /// <returns></returns> public static DataTable RenderDataTableFromExcel(Stream ExcelFileStream, int SheetIndex, int HeaderRowIndex) { IWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(ExcelFileStream); ExcelFileStream.Close(); string SheetName = workbook.GetSheetName(SheetIndex); return RenderDataTableFromExcel(workbook, SheetName, HeaderRowIndex); } /// <summary> /// 从Excel中获取数据到DataTable /// </summary> /// <param name="workbook">要处理的工作薄</param> /// <param name="SheetName">要获取数据的工作表名称</param> /// <param name="HeaderRowIndex">工作表标题行所在行号(从0开始)</param> /// <returns></returns> public static DataTable RenderDataTableFromExcel(IWorkbook workbook, string SheetName, int HeaderRowIndex) { ISheet sheet = workbook.GetSheet(SheetName); DataTable table = new DataTable(); try { IRow headerRow = sheet.GetRow(HeaderRowIndex); int cellCount = headerRow.LastCellNum; for (int i = headerRow.FirstCellNum; i < cellCount; i++) { DataColumn column = new DataColumn(headerRow.GetCell(i).StringCellValue); table.Columns.Add(column); } int rowCount = sheet.LastRowNum; #region 循环各行各列,写入数据到DataTable for (int i = (sheet.FirstRowNum + 1); i <=sheet.LastRowNum; i++) { IRow row = sheet.GetRow(i); DataRow dataRow = table.NewRow(); for (int j = row.FirstCellNum; j < cellCount; j++) { ICell cell = row.GetCell(j); if (cell == null) { dataRow[j] = null; } else { //dataRow[j] = cell.ToString(); switch (cell.CellType) { case CellType.Blank: dataRow[j] = null; break; case CellType.Boolean: dataRow[j] = cell.BooleanCellValue; break; case CellType.Numeric: dataRow[j] = cell.ToString(); break; case CellType.String: dataRow[j] = cell.StringCellValue; break; case CellType.Error: dataRow[j] = cell.ErrorCellValue; break; case CellType.Formula: default: dataRow[j] = "=" + cell.CellFormula; break; } } } table.Rows.Add(dataRow); //dataRow[j] = row.GetCell(j).ToString(); } #endregion } catch (System.Exception ex) { table.Clear(); table.Columns.Clear(); table.Columns.Add("出错了"); DataRow dr = table.NewRow(); dr[0] = ex.Message; table.Rows.Add(dr); return table; } finally { //sheet.Dispose(); workbook = null; sheet = null; } #region 清除最后的空行 for (int i = table.Rows.Count - 1; i > 0; i--) { bool isnull = true; for (int j = 0; j < table.Columns.Count; j++) { if (table.Rows[i][j] != null) { if (table.Rows[i][j].ToString() != "") { isnull = false; break; } } } if (isnull) { table.Rows[i].Delete(); } } #endregion return table; } } }
UI的设计
为了让自己印象深刻，设计了一个前端页面仅供参考
代码如下：
<html> <head> <title> ASP.MVC+Bootstrap+NPOI </title> <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-2.1.4.min.js"></script> <link href="~/Content/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet" /> <script src="~/Scripts/bootstrap.min.js"></script> <style> .container { padding: 20px 0; } </style> </head> <body> <div class="container"> <form class="form-horizontal" action="Upload" role="form" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data"> <div class="form-group"> <div class="col-md-3"> <label class="control-label" style="float:right">上传文件</label> </div> <div class="col-md-3"> <input id="fileUpload" name="fileUpload" type="file" style="display:none" /> <input id="fileText" type="text" class="form-control" disabled /> </div> <div class="col-md-0"> <button type="button" class=" btn btn-primary" onclick="$('#fileUpload').click()">浏览</button> </div> </div> <script> $("#fileUpload").change(function () { $("#fileText").val($(this).val()); }) </script> <div class="form-group"> <div class="col-md-3 col-md-offset-3"> <button type="submit" class=" btn btn-primary">导入</button> <div class="btn-group"> <div class="btn-group"> <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown"> 导出模板 </button> <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"> <li><a href="GetExportExcelUrl?ExportTypeIndex=1">导出到.csv</a></li> <li><a href="GetExportExcelUrl?ExportTypeIndex=2">导出到.xls</a></li> <li><a href="GetExportExcelUrl?ExportTypeIndex=3">导出到.xlsx</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </form> </div> </body> </html>
EXCEL导入
导入支持.csv、.xls、.xlsx三种格式读出数据到DataTable，接下来可以进行一系列操作
/// <summary> /// 说明：导入的方法 /// 作者：CallmeYhz /// 时间：2015-11-26 14:23:15 /// </summary> /// <param name="fileUpload"></param> /// <returns></returns> public string Upload(HttpPostedFileBase fileUpload) { if (fileUpload == null) { return "文件为空"; } try { //将硬盘路径转化为服务器路径的文件流 string fileName = Path.Combine(Request.MapPath("~/SaveFile"), Path.GetFileName(fileUpload.FileName)); //NPOI得到EXCEL的第一种方法 fileUpload.SaveAs(fileName); DataTable dtData = ExcelHelper.Import(fileName); //得到EXCEL的第二种方法(第一个参数是文件流,第二个是excel标签名,第三个是第几行开始读0算第一行) DataTable dtData2 = ExcelHelper.RenderDataTableFromExcel(fileName, "Sheet", 0); return "导入成功"; } catch { return "导入失败"; } }
第一种方法是默认文件的第一行是列名，第二行是数据。第二种方法可以指定标签，行头等参数。
导出Excel并且下载
思路是用NPOI创建文件存放在服务器上然后返回URL开始下载，借助一些方法可以方便进行以下操作
利用反射获得实体的所有属性（一个表的所有列）:
/// <summary> /// 说明：获得一个对象的所有属性 /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> private string[] GetPropertyNameArray() { PropertyInfo[] props = null; try { Type type = typeof(Student); object obj = Activator.CreateInstance(type); props = type.GetProperties(BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Instance); string[] array = props.Select(t => t.Name).ToArray(); return array; } catch (Exception ex) { return null; } }
将List集合转化成DataTable:
/// <summary> /// 将泛类型集合List类转换成DataTable /// </summary> /// <param name="list">泛类型集合</param> /// <returns></returns> public DataTable ListToDataTable<T>(List<T> entitys) { //检查实体集合不能为空 if (entitys == null || entitys.Count < 1) { throw new Exception("需转换的集合为空"); } //取出第一个实体的所有Propertie Type entityType = entitys[0].GetType(); PropertyInfo[] entityProperties = entityType.GetProperties(); //生成DataTable的structure //生产代码中，应将生成的DataTable结构Cache起来，此处略 DataTable dt = new DataTable(); for (int i = 0; i < entityProperties.Length; i++) { //dt.Columns.Add(entityProperties[i].Name, entityProperties[i].PropertyType); dt.Columns.Add(entityProperties[i].Name); } //将所有entity添加到DataTable中 foreach (object entity in entitys) { //检查所有的的实体都为同一类型 if (entity.GetType() != entityType) { throw new Exception("要转换的集合元素类型不一致"); } object[] entityValues = new object[entityProperties.Length]; for (int i = 0; i < entityProperties.Length; i++) { entityValues[i] = entityProperties[i].GetValue(entity, null); } dt.Rows.Add(entityValues); } return dt; }
导出：
/// <summary> /// 获得导出的url并导出 /// </summary> /// <param name="ExportTypeIndex">导出EXCEL类型索引</param> /// <returns>URL提供用户下载</returns> public FileResult GetExportExcelUrl(int ExportTypeIndex) { //构造导出的集合 List<Student> StudentList = new List<Student>() { new Student() { SnoID="1", SAge=25, SName="yhz", SDateTime=DateTime.Now }, new Student() { SnoID="2", SAge=26, SName="kq", SDateTime=DateTime.Now } }; string[] oldColumn = GetPropertyNameArray(); string[] newColumn = new string[] { "学号", "姓名", "年龄", "现在时间" }; //类型转换（将List转化为DataTable） DataTable ExportDt = this.ListToDataTable<Student>(StudentList); //可以考虑读取配置文件 string path = "/SaveFile/"; string fileName = ""; if(ExportTypeIndex==1) { fileName = "导出CSV.csv"; } else if (ExportTypeIndex == 2) { fileName = "导出XLS.xls"; } else { fileName = "导出XLSX.xlsx"; } string streamFileName = Path.Combine(Request.MapPath(path), Path.GetFileName(fileName)); //调用改写的NPOI方法 ExcelHelper.MyExport(ExportDt, "大家好我是表头",streamFileName, "1", oldColumn, newColumn); if (ExportTypeIndex == 1) { return File(path + fileName, "application/zip-x-compressed", "物流订单模板导出.csv"); } else if (ExportTypeIndex == 2) { return new FilePathResult(path + fileName, "application/vnd.ms-excel"); } else { return new FilePathResult(path+fileName, "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet "); } }
效果演示
源代码下载
https://files.cnblogs.com/files/CallmeYhz/MVCForNPOI.rar
简单的导出EXCEL方法：
public ActionResult Export() { string table = "<table border='1px solid black'><tr><td>编号</td><td>真实姓名</td><td>昵称</td><td>电话</td><td>数量</td><td>参与时间</td><td>状态</td><td>备注</td></tr>"; table += "<tr><td>1</td><td>2</td><td>3</td><td>4<td>5</td><td>6</td><td>6</td><td>6</td></tr>"; table += "</table>"; string fileName = "用户列表" + DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyyMMddhhmmss") + ".xls"; Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + fileName); Response.ContentType = "application/excel"; Response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("GB2312"); Response.Write(table); Response.End(); return View(); }
