yum源及rpm、源码包

配置yum软件仓库

# cd /etc/yum.repos.d
# ls
# mkdir bak
# mv Cent* /bak         将原有的配置文件移动到备份文件夹中。
# vim CentOS7.repo       新建文件必须以 .repo为后缀,名称可以随意取
[rhel-media]         #yum软件仓库的唯一标识符,避免与其他软件仓库冲突
name=linux-yhy         #yum软件仓库的名称描述,易于识别仓库的用处
baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom     #提供的方式为本地文件
enabled=1             #设置此源是否可用,1为可用,0为禁用
gpgcheck=0           #设置此源是否为检验文件,1为校验,0为不校验

# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt
# yum list           #查看当前的yum源
# yum install -y httpd
# yum remove -y httpd
# systemctl start httpd
# systemctl stop firewalld
# systemctl disable firewalld
# vim /root/.bashrc
mount     /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom

  yum参数

# yum reinstall -y httpd	重新安装 
# yum -y update httpd		升级安装(升级)
# yum -y update			升级系统

# yum list httpd			查询
# yum repolist					//查yum源信息
# yum search mysql			//搜索到系统已经安装和yum源里没有安装的得软件信息
# yum deplist				//查看软件依赖关系
# yum provides vim			##查看文件属于哪个软件
# yum list 					//查看已安装和没有安装的软件

# yum -y remove httpd		卸载软件包
# yum -y erase	httpd		卸载

# yum clean all			//清理Yum缓存
# yum makecache			//创建新Yum缓存软件包信息(提高搜索/安装软件的速度)

  

  

阿里yum源

阿里巴巴开源镜像站:https://developer.aliyun.com/mirror/

# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
# mkdir  bak
# mv  Cent*  /bak
# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
//curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
# vim CentOS-Base.repo

  

epel镜像(扩展包)

EPEL (Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux), 是由 Fedora Special Interest Group 维护的 Enterprise Linux(RHEL、CentOS)中经常用到的包。

yum install -y epel-release

# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo
# yum makecache
# yum  repolist  查看源
​
# yum -y install httpd
# systemctl start httpd
# systemctl stop firewalld

RPM

# cd /mnt/cdrom/Packages
# rpm -ivh wget*        //安装
# rpm -ivh xxx  --nodeps        //忽略依赖关系
​
# rpm -q wget       //-a 全部
​
# rpm -evh wget-1.14(写全称)       //卸载

 

# rpm -ql 程序名		//查看软件安装路径(文件列表)
# rpm -qa 			
# rpm -qi				//查看包软件信息
# rpm -qf	/etc/passwd		//查看文件由哪些软件产生

# rpm -qc xxx # rpm -e ntfs-3g //卸载 # --force 强制安装 # --nodeps 卸载时,不检测依赖关系

  

源码包:

source code 需要经过GCC,C++编译环境编译才能运行

可以设定个人设置,开关功能

软件包示例:nginx-1.8.1.tar.gz

官方网站:https://tengine.taobao.org/ (tengine从nginx基础上改)

# cd /root/下载/
# wget https://tengine.taobao.org/download/tengine-2.3.2.tar.gz
# yum -y install gcc make zlib-devel pcre pcre-devel openssl-devel
# useradd www
​
# tar xf tengine-2.3.2.tar.gz
# cd tengine-2.3.2/
# ./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/nginx
# make
# make install
//有httpd服务先停    systemctl stop httpd
# systemctl stop firewalld
# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

127.0.0.1测试

 

3.源码

win上下载或

wget https://tengine.taobao.org/download/tengine-2.3.2.tar.gz

                    rz(上传)
# yum provides rz
lrzsz-0.12.20-36.el7.x86_64
# yum install -y lrzsz-0.12.20-36.el7.x86_64
# rz        //选择上传的文件
# rm -rf /tmp/*
# mv tengine-2.3.2.tar.gz   /tmp
# yum clean all
# yum makecache
# yum -y install gcc make zlib-devel pcre pcre-devel openssl-devel
#
​
# useradd www
# tar xvf tengine-2.2.0.tar.gz
# cd tengine-2.2.0
# ./configure   --user=www  --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/nginx   --with=pcre
# make
# make install
# lsof -i:80
# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx       //启动
# lsof -i:80

  

 

lsof命令用于查看你进程开打的文件,打开文件的进程,进程打开的端口(TCP、UDP)。找回/恢复删除的文件。是十分方便的系统监视工具,因为lsof命令需要访问核心内存和各种文件,所以需要root用户执行。

源码包安装错误解析

模拟问题一

# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx   -s stop
# rm -rf    /usr/local/nginx
# lsfo -i:80
# kill -9 id号       (关不完)
# killall nginx     (没有killall)
# yum provides killall
psmisc-22.20-16.el7.x86_64
# yum install -y psmisc-22.20-16.el7.x86_64
# killall nginx
# lsof -i:80

  

模拟问题二

# cd /tmp/
# rm -rf tengine-2.2.0
# id www
# userdel -r www
# tar xvf tengine-2.2.0.tar.gz
# cd tengine-2.2.0
# ./configure   --user=www  --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/nginx   --with=pcre
# make
# make install
# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx   (提示缺少用户)
# useradd www
# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx: [emerg] getwnam("www") failed
# chattr -i /etc/passwd
# useradd www
# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

 

chattr:

+<属性>:开启文件或目录的该项属性; -<属性>:关闭文件或目录的该项属性;

posted @ 2021-03-02 19:07  破碎的屋檐  阅读(143)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报