PAT 1105 Spiral Matrix[模拟][螺旋矩阵][难]
1105 Spiral Matrix(25 分)
This time your job is to fill a sequence of N positive integers into a spiral matrix in non-increasing order. A spiral matrix is filled in from the first element at the upper-left corner, then move in a clockwise spiral. The matrix has mrows and n columns, where m and n satisfy the following: m×n must be equal to N; m≥n; and m−n is the minimum of all the possible values.
Input Specification:
Each input file contains one test case. For each case, the first line gives a positive integer N. Then the next line contains N positive integers to be filled into the spiral matrix. All the numbers are no more than 104. The numbers in a line are separated by spaces.
Output Specification:
For each test case, output the resulting matrix in m lines, each contains n numbers. There must be exactly 1 space between two adjacent numbers, and no extra space at the end of each line.
Sample Input:
12
37 76 20 98 76 42 53 95 60 81 58 93
Sample Output:
98 95 93
42 37 81
53 20 76
58 60 76
题目大意:输入一个数N,并且有N个数,给出一个非递增的螺旋矩阵,m是行,n是列,m*n=N,要求m>=n,并且在所有可能的取值中,m-n的值最小。
//1.首先就需要对N进行因式分解,确定m和n。2.其次就放就可以了。
//N的范围没给。 不太明白螺旋矩阵的下标是什么规律。需要先学习一下螺旋矩阵的算法。
#include <iostream> #include <cmath> #include <vector> #include <algorithm> using namespace std; int func(int N) { int i = sqrt((double)N); while(i >= 1) { if(N % i == 0)//i是这样递减的,那么肯定能够保证是差值最小的了。 return i; i--; } return 1; } int cmp(int a, int b) {return a > b;} int main() { int N, m, n, t = 0; scanf("%d", &N); n = func(N);//如果是12,那么n=3; m = N / n; vector<int> a(N); for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) scanf("%d", &a[i]); sort(a.begin(), a.end(), cmp);//从大到小排列。 vector<vector<int> > b(m, vector<int>(n));//m行,这么多列。 int level = m / 2 + m % 2; for (int i = 0; i < level; i++) {//i表示是第几圈。 for (int j = i; j <= n - 1 - i && t <= N - 1; j++)//t是控制原数组不越界。 b[i][j] = a[t++];//右 for (int j = i + 1; j <= m - 2 - i && t <= N - 1; j++) b[j][n - 1 - i] = a[t++];//下 for (int j = n - i - 1; j >= i && t <= N - 1; j--) b[m - 1 - i][j] = a[t++];//左 for (int j = m - 2 - i; j >= i + 1 && t <= N - 1; j--) b[j][i] = a[t++];//上 } for (int i = 0; i < m; i++) { for (int j = 0 ; j < n; j++) { printf("%d", b[i][j]); if (j != n - 1) printf(" "); } printf("\n"); } return 0; }
//看了这个代码,还是稍微有点不太明白,需要复习,一下。
坐标的起始点和控制范围,
首先是向右的时候 :第几圈就是那个起始点,那么列的范围就是n-1-i;向下的时候,行的范围就是i+1开始,n-1-i列,这个需要多去实现一下。