netty（七）buffer源码学习2

概述

文章主要介绍的是PoolArena，PoolChunk，PoolSubpage 三个类的源码

PoolArena

PoolArena 是netty 的内存池实现类，通过预先申请一块大的空间，然后对空间进行分配和回收，这样就不用频繁进行系统调用，提高性能。 PoolArena 由多个 chunk 组成，chunk 则由多个page 组成.

PoolChunk

Chunk 主要用来组织和管理多个Page的内存分配和释放，在netty中，Chunk 中的Page被构造成一棵二叉树。

PoolSubpage

PoolSubpage保存long[] 数组表示占用情况。数组中一个long元素最多表示64分空间的占用情况，假如某块空间分的分数多于64份，那么数组中加多一个元素，例如4字节分4份，long元素的第四位就可以表示完，要是128字节分128份，long数组就要添加多一个元素共2个元素，一个long表示64份。

内存回收策略

• chunk 回收 ： 二叉树节点状态标识符
• page 回收 ： 维护块的使用状态来标识

源码

上面就是我们刚才讲的几个类的类结构。

final class PoolSubpage<T> {
	
	//保持一个 PoolChunk 
    final PoolChunk<T> chunk;
    final int memoryMapIdx;
    final int runOffset;
    final int pageSize;
    final long[] bitmap;

    //前后指针
    PoolSubpage<T> prev;
    PoolSubpage<T> next;

    boolean doNotDestroy;
    int elemSize;
    int maxNumElems;
    int nextAvail;
    int bitmapLength;
    int numAvail;

    // TODO: Test if adding padding helps under contention
    //private long pad0, pad1, pad2, pad3, pad4, pad5, pad6, pad7;

    /** Special constructor that creates a linked list head */
    PoolSubpage(int pageSize) {
        chunk = null;
        memoryMapIdx = -1;
        runOffset = -1;
        elemSize = -1;
        this.pageSize = pageSize;
        bitmap = null;
    }

    ... 

final class PoolChunkList<T> {
    private final PoolArena<T> arena;
    //前后指针
    private final PoolChunkList<T> nextList;
    PoolChunkList<T> prevList;

    ...
 }   

abstract class PoolArena<T> {

    final PooledByteBufAllocator parent;

    private final int pageSize;
    private final int maxOrder;
    private final int pageShifts;
    private final int chunkSize;
    private final int subpageOverflowMask;

    private final PoolSubpage<T>[] tinySubpagePools;
    private final PoolSubpage<T>[] smallSubpagePools;

    private final PoolChunkList<T> q050;
    private final PoolChunkList<T> q025;
    private final PoolChunkList<T> q000;
    private final PoolChunkList<T> qInit;
    private final PoolChunkList<T> q075;
    private final PoolChunkList<T> q100;

    // TODO: Test if adding padding helps under contention
    //private long pad0, pad1, pad2, pad3, pad4, pad5, pad6, pad7;

    protected PoolArena(PooledByteBufAllocator parent, int pageSize, int maxOrder, int pageShifts, int chunkSize) {
        this.parent = parent;
        this.pageSize = pageSize;
        this.maxOrder = maxOrder;
        this.pageShifts = pageShifts;
        this.chunkSize = chunkSize;
        subpageOverflowMask = ~(pageSize - 1);

        tinySubpagePools = newSubpagePoolArray(512 >>> 4);
        for (int i = 0; i < tinySubpagePools.length; i ++) {
            tinySubpagePools[i] = newSubpagePoolHead(pageSize);
        }

        smallSubpagePools = newSubpagePoolArray(pageShifts - 9);
        for (int i = 0; i < smallSubpagePools.length; i ++) {
            smallSubpagePools[i] = newSubpagePoolHead(pageSize);
        }

        q100 = new PoolChunkList<T>(this, null, 100, Integer.MAX_VALUE);
        q075 = new PoolChunkList<T>(this, q100, 75, 100);
        q050 = new PoolChunkList<T>(this, q075, 50, 100);
        q025 = new PoolChunkList<T>(this, q050, 25, 75);
        q000 = new PoolChunkList<T>(this, q025, 1, 50);
        qInit = new PoolChunkList<T>(this, q000, Integer.MIN_VALUE, 25);

        q100.prevList = q075;
        q075.prevList = q050;
        q050.prevList = q025;
        q025.prevList = q000;
        q000.prevList = null;
        qInit.prevList = qInit;
    }

    ....

源码分析 PooledDirectByteBuf

开始看 PooledDirectByteBuf 的方法有点乱，我们可以从调用它的那个类开始分析。 PooledByteBufAllocator内部就是可以调用 PooledDirectByteBuf 生成 ByteBuf的类。它的使用如下 ：

    public static void main(String[] args){
        /*
         * 内存池buffer 提供为外部的使用主要是通过 PooledByteBufAllocator 这个类堆外提供
         */
        PooledByteBufAllocator allocator = new PooledByteBufAllocator();
        ByteBuf directBuffer = allocator.directBuffer();
    }

下面我们看一下 directBuffer 方法。 

    @Override
    public ByteBuf directBuffer() {
        return directBuffer(DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY, Integer.MAX_VALUE);
    }


    @Override
    public ByteBuf directBuffer(int initialCapacity, int maxCapacity) {
        if (initialCapacity == 0 && maxCapacity == 0) {
            return emptyBuf;
        }
        //校验
        validate(initialCapacity, maxCapacity);
        //子类实现，申请空间
        return newDirectBuffer(initialCapacity, maxCapacity);
    }

    // PooledByteBufAllocator 类中的实现
    @Override
    protected ByteBuf newDirectBuffer(int initialCapacity, int maxCapacity) {
        //No.1 缓冲中获取
        PoolThreadCache cache = threadCache.get();
        PoolArena<ByteBuffer> directArena = cache.directArena;

        ByteBuf buf;
        if (directArena != null) {
            buf = directArena.allocate(cache, initialCapacity, maxCapacity);
        } else {
            //假如缓冲中的 PoolArena 不存在
            if (PlatformDependent.hasUnsafe()) {
                buf = new UnpooledUnsafeDirectByteBuf(this, initialCapacity, maxCapacity);
            } else {
                buf = new UnpooledDirectByteBuf(this, initialCapacity, maxCapacity);
            }
        }

        return toLeakAwareBuffer(buf);
    }

    // PooledByteBufAllocator 类中的threadCache ，是个ThreadLocal 
    final ThreadLocal<PoolThreadCache> threadCache = new ThreadLocal<PoolThreadCache>() {
        private final AtomicInteger index = new AtomicInteger();
        @Override
        protected PoolThreadCache initialValue() {
            final int idx = index.getAndIncrement();
            final PoolArena<byte[]> heapArena;
            final PoolArena<ByteBuffer> directArena;

            if (heapArenas != null) {
                heapArena = heapArenas[Math.abs(idx % heapArenas.length)];
            } else {
                heapArena = null;
            }

            if (directArenas != null) {
                directArena = directArenas[Math.abs(idx % directArenas.length)];
            } else {
                directArena = null;
            }

            return new PoolThreadCache(heapArena, directArena);
        }
    };
    

参考资料

• 《netty权威指南》