JWT安装与配置

1.登录接口
2.刷新接口
3.自定义返回格式

1.JWT安装配置

1.1 安装JWT

pip install djangorestframework-jwt==1.11.0

1.2 syl/settings.py 配置jwt载荷中的有效期设置

import datetime
# jwt载荷中的有效期设置
JWT_AUTH = {
    # 1.token前缀：headers中 Authorization 值的前缀
    'JWT_AUTH_HEADER_PREFIX': 'JWT',
    # 2.token有效期：一天有效
    'JWT_EXPIRATION_DELTA': datetime.timedelta(days=1),
    # 3.刷新token：允许使用旧的token换新token
    'JWT_ALLOW_REFRESH': True,
    # 4.token有效期：token在24小时内过期, 可续期token
    'JWT_REFRESH_EXPIRATION_DELTA': datetime.timedelta(hours=24),
    # 5.自定义JWT载荷信息：自定义返回格式，需要手工创建
    'JWT_RESPONSE_PAYLOAD_HANDLER': 'user.utils.jwt_response_payload_handler',
}

1.3 syl/settings.py JWT结合DRF进行认证权限配置

REST_FRAMEWORK = {
       # 用户登陆认证方式
    'DEFAULT_AUTHENTICATION_CLASSES': [
        'rest_framework_jwt.authentication.JSONWebTokenAuthentication', # 在 DRF中配置JWT认证
        # 'rest_framework.authentication.SessionAuthentication',  # 使用session时的认证器
        # 'rest_framework.authentication.BasicAuthentication'  # 提交表单时的认证器
    ],
    # 2.权限配置（全局）： 顺序靠上的严格
    'DEFAULT_PERMISSION_CLASSES': [
        # 'rest_framework.permissions.IsAdminUser',  # 管理员可以访问
        'rest_framework.permissions.IsAuthenticated',  # 认证用户可以访问
        # 'rest_framework.permissions.IsAuthenticatedOrReadOnly',  # 认证用户可以访问, 否则只能读取
        # 'rest_framework.permissions.AllowAny',  # 所有用户都可以访问
    ],

}

1.4 user/urls.py 增加获取token接口和刷新token接口

from user import views
from rest_framework_jwt.views import obtain_jwt_token,refresh_jwt_token

# router = SimpleRouter()    # 没有跟路由　/user/　无法识别
router = DefaultRouter()     # 有根路由
router.register(r'user',UserViewSet)   # 配置路由

urlpatterns = [
    path('login/',obtain_jwt_token),    # 获取token，登录视图
    path('refresh/',refresh_jwt_token),
    path('api-auth/',include('rest_framework.urls',namespace='rest_framework')),  #认证地址
]

urlpatterns += router.urls   # 模块地址

1.5 在user/utils.py中从写jwt_response_payload_handler

def jwt_response_payload_handler(token, user=None, request=None, role=None):
    if user.first_name:
        name = user.first_name
    else:
        name = user.username
    return {
        'authenticated': 'true',
        'id': user.id,
        "role": role,
        'name': name,
        'username': user.username,
        'email': user.email,
        'token': token,
    }

2.postman测试接口

2.1 测试登录接口，获取token

http://192.168.56.100:8888/user/login/

    # 1. 认证：自定义认证类，自定义会覆盖全局配置
    authentication_classes = (JSONWebTokenAuthentication,)
    # 2. 权限：自定义权限类     开启登录验证
    permission_classes = (MyPermission,)

2.2 使用获得的token获取所有用户信息

http://192.168.56.100:8888/user/user/

源码分析

 class JSONWebTokenAPIView(APIView):
     """ 
     Base API View that various JWT interactions inherit from. 
     """
     permission_classes = () 
     authentication_classes = ()
     def get_serializer_context(self): 
         """ 
         Extra context provided to the serializer class. 
         """ 
         return {
             'request': self.request, 
             'view': self, 
         }
     def get_serializer_class(self):
         """ 
         Return the class to use for the serializer. 
         Defaults to using `self.serializer_class`. 
         You may want to override this if you need to provide different 
         serializations depending on the incoming request. 
         (Eg. admins get full serialization, others get basic serialization) 
         """ 
         assert self.serializer_class is not None, ( 
             "'%s' should either include a `serializer_class` attribute, " 
             "or override the `get_serializer_class()` method." 
             % self.__class__.__name__) 
         return self.serializer_class
     def get_serializer(self, *args, **kwargs): 
         """ 
         Return the serializer instance that should be used for validating and 
         deserializing input, and for serializing output. 
         """ 
         serializer_class = self.get_serializer_class() 
         kwargs['context'] = self.get_serializer_context() 
         return serializer_class(*args, **kwargs)
     def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs): 
         serializer = self.get_serializer(data=request.data) 

         if serializer.is_valid(): 
             user = serializer.object.get('user') or request.user # User表对象 
             token = serializer.object.get('token') # 获取到生成的token 
             response_data = jwt_response_payload_handler(token, user, request)
             response = Response(response_data) 
             if api_settings.JWT_AUTH_COOKIE: 
                 expiration = (datetime.utcnow() +       
                               api_settings.JWT_EXPIRATION_DELTA) 
                 response.set_cookie(api_settings.JWT_AUTH_COOKIE, 
                                     token, 
                                     expires=expiration,             
                                     httponly=True) 
             return response 

         return Response(serializer.errors,status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)