79. 单词搜索

79. 单词搜索

给定一个 m x n 二维字符网格 board 和一个字符串单词 word 。如果 word 存在于网格中,返回 true ;否则,返回 false

单词必须按照字母顺序,通过相邻的单元格内的字母构成,其中“相邻”单元格是那些水平相邻或垂直相邻的单元格。同一个单元格内的字母不允许被重复使用。

示例 1:

img

输入:board = [["A","B","C","E"],["S","F","C","S"],["A","D","E","E"]], word = "ABCCED"
输出:true

示例 2:

img

输入:board = [["A","B","C","E"],["S","F","C","S"],["A","D","E","E"]], word = "SEE"
输出:true

示例 3:

img

输入:board = [["A","B","C","E"],["S","F","C","S"],["A","D","E","E"]], word = "ABCB"
输出:false

提示:

  • m == board.length
  • n = board[i].length
  • 1 <= m, n <= 6
  • 1 <= word.length <= 15
  • boardword 仅由大小写英文字母组成

进阶:你可以使用搜索剪枝的技术来优化解决方案,使其在 board 更大的情况下可以更快解决问题?

思路:

​ 简单回溯算法。需要开辟一个数组记录是否走过某个点

class Solution {
public:
    bool exist(vector<vector<char>>& board, string word) {
        vector<vector<bool>>used(board.size(),vector<bool>(board[0].size(),false));
        int m=board.size();
        int n=board[0].size();
        bool flag=false;
        for(int i=0;i<m;i++){
            for(int j=0;j<n;j++){
                if(board[i][j]==word[0]){
                    flag=backtrack(board,i,j,used,word,0);
                }
                if(flag)return true;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }
    bool backtrack(vector<vector<char>>& board,int x,int y,vector<vector<bool>>& used, string word,int index){
        if(x<0||x>=board.size()||y<0||y>=board[0].size()||used[x][y]==true)return false;
        if(board[x][y]!=word[index])return false;
        if(index==word.size()-1)return true;
        bool f=false;
        //做选择
        used[x][y]=true;
        f=backtrack(board,x+1,y,used,word,index+1)||backtrack(board,x-1,y,used,word,index+1)||backtrack(board,x,y+1,used,word,index+1)||backtrack(board,x,y-1,used,word,index+1);//只要有一个成功即可
        //撤销选择
        used[x][y]=false;
        return f;
    }
};
posted @ 2022-05-24 10:09  BailanZ  阅读(7)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报