【python----发轫之始】【面向对象的实例化】

汽车类型的实例化：

class Vehicle(object):
    trans_type = 'SUV'

    def __init__(self, size, speed):
        self.size = size
        self.__speed = speed

    def show_info(self):
        print("我所属的类型为:{0}，速度为:{1}km/h，体积为：{2}".format(self.trans_type, self.__speed, self.size))

    def move(self):
        print("我已向前移动了50米!")

    def set_speed(self, new_speed):
        self.__speed = new_speed

    def get_speed(self):
        print("我的时速为：{0}".format(self.__speed))

    def speed_up(self):
        self.__speed += 10
        print("我的速度由{0}km/h提升到了{1}km/h".format(self.__speed - 10, self.__speed))

    def speed_down(self):
        self.__speed -= 15
        print("我的速度由{0}km/h下降到了{1}km/h".format(self.__speed + 15, self.__speed))


def transport_identify(name):
    if isinstance(name, Vehicle):
        print("类型匹配！")
    else:
        print("类型不匹配！")


if __name__ == '__main__':
    v = (3.6, 1.9, 1.75)
    car = Vehicle(v, 20)
    car.show_info()
    car.set_speed(40)
    car.get_speed()
    car.speed_up()
    car.speed_down()
    transport_identify(car)

学生类型的实例化：

class Person(object):

    def __init__(self, name, gender):
        self.name = name
        self.gender = gender

    def speak(self):
        print("hello! 我是{0}同学！".format(self.name))

    def relation(self):
        pass


class Student(Person):

    def __init__(self, name, gender, score, major):
        super(Student, self).__init__(name, gender)
        self.score = score
        self.major = major
        self.__num = "2018014002"

    def set_num(self, new_num):
        self.__num = new_num

    def speak(self):
        super(Student, self).speak()
        print("我的学号为：{0}，很高兴认识大家！".format(self.__num))

    def identify_stu(self):
        if self.__num == "2018014002":
            print("您的分组已完成！")
        else:
            print("请稍后，马上为您自动分组....")

    def relation(self):
        if issubclass(Student, Person):
            print("我的父类是Person")
        else:
            print("父类正在查询中......")


if __name__ == '__main__':
    stu = Student('小明', '男', 90, '数学')
    stu.speak()
    stu.identify_stu()
    stu.relation()
    print("**************************************")
    stu1 = Student("小红", '女', 100, '英语')
    stu1.set_num('2018040625')
    stu1.speak()
    stu1.identify_stu()

 图形数据多态实例化：

class Point(object):
    def __init__(self, x, y):
        self.x = x
        self.y = y

    def string(self):
        print("{{X:{0}, Y:{1}}}".format(self.x, self.y), end='')


class Circle(Point):

    def __init__(self, x, y, radius):
        super(Circle, self).__init__(x, y)
        self.radius = radius

    def string(self):
        print("该图形初始化点为：", end='')
        super(Circle, self).string()
        print("{{半径为：{0}}}".format(self.radius))


class Size(object):

    def __init__(self, w, h):
        self.weight = w
        self.height = h

    def string(self):
        print("{{Weight:{0}, Height:{1}}}".format(self.weight, self.height))


class Rectangle(Point, Size):

    def __init__(self, x, y, w, h):
        Point.__init__(self, x, y)
        Size.__init__(self, w, h)

    def string(self):
        print("该图形初始化点为：", end='')
        Point.string(self)
        print("该图形长宽分别为：", end='')
        Size.string(self)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    circle = Circle(5, 5, 8)
    circle.string()
    rec = Rectangle(15, 15, 15, 15)
    rec.string()
    rec1 = Rectangle(40, 30, 11, 14)
    rec1.string()

 实例化时处理父类同名的例子：

class People(object):

    def __init__(self, n, a):
        self.name = n
        self.age = a

    def speak(self):
        print("我叫{0}，今年{1}岁".format(self.name, self.age))


class Speaker(object):

    def __init__(self, n, c, t):
        self.name = n
        self.job = c
        self.topic = t

    def speak(self):
        print("我叫：{0}，我是一个：{1}，我演讲的主题是：{2}".format(self.name, self.job, self.topic))


class Student(Speaker, People):
    pass


if __name__ == '__main__':
    s = Student('Job', '演说家', 'python')
    s.speak()
    print("Student是否为Speaker的子类：", issubclass(Student, Speaker))
    print("Student是否为People的子类：", issubclass(Student, People))

它会先调用先继承的类里面的函数。