英语语法随笔1

英语句子

9种成分

Subject(主)     predicate(谓)   object(宾)

attribute(定)    adverbrial(状)

object  complement(宾补)

subject  complement(表)

double object(双宾)

apposite(同位)

8种句式

简单句

主+谓

主+谓+宾

主+系+表

主+谓+双宾

主+谓+宾+宾补

复杂句

名词性从句

定语从句

状语从句

 

 

1.陈述句

两种形式

1.肯定式

I have money.

肯定变否定的方式,助动词后加否定词(not)

2.否定式

(1) Be动词后加not。如is not,are not,am not, was not,were not;

(2)在can、should、 will后加not。 如can not,should not,will not;

(3)上述都没有的,在动词前加助动词否定形式don't、doesn't,didn't;

(4) Some改成any

例句: she is watching TV now( 她现在在看电视)

改为She isn't watching TV now

He does well in Maths.(他的数学很好)

改成He doesn't well in Maths.(他的 数学不好)

I don't have money.

 

句式

主+谓(不及物动词才能玩主谓)

I run.

主+谓+宾

I love you.

主+系+表(系动词为:be的形式,感官动词)

主+谓+双宾(直接宾语+间接宾语)

I give you money.

谓语后加两个东西,都是动作的对象。

主+谓+宾+宾补

They orderd hamburger their lunch.

 

 

疑问句

1.一般疑问句(Do you love me?)

2.特殊疑问句(Why do you love me?)

3.选择疑问句(Do you love my body or hearts?)

4.反义疑问句(You love me,don't   you ?)

 

一般疑问句

可以用yes,no回答:

陈述句变一般疑问句三种形式:

1. 提前系动词(be动词,感官动词)

主+系+表   变   系+主+表

陈述句:You (are) a student。

一般疑问句:Are you a student?

回答:Yes,I am/No,I‘m not.

2.提前情态动词(will,may,will等)

主+情态动词+动词原形+其他    变   情态动词+主+动词原形+其他.

陈述句:You (can) play football.

一般疑问句:Can you play football?

回答:Yes,I can/No,I can’t.

3.提前助动词(Do,Does,did)

如果没有be动词和情态动词,则要用助动词Do或Does、did来帮助

陈述句: she speaks English very well.(她英语说得很好)

一般疑问句Does she speak English very well?(她英语说得很好吗?)

选择好助动词后就可以把原句跟上去,注意的是后面的动词要用原形,如例句中的speak

 

特殊疑问句

不可以用yes,no回答

对句子中某个成分提问。

用特殊疑问词开头。

who 提问人:Who's next?

whose提问所属:Whose car is this?

whom提问宾格人:Whom did you choose for them leader?

what提问事物属性:What time is it?

when提问时间:When can we start working?

where提问地点:Where is bathroom?

why提问原因:Why did he do it?

how提问方式数量:How heavy is it?

how many/much多少:How much longer?

which提问选择:Which is your choice?

 

选择疑问句

不可以用yes,no回答

选择疑问句用or连接

提问两个以上的句子内容供选择

Do you like to play football or basketball?

回答:

I like to play football/I like to play basketball.

 

反义疑问句

可以用yes,no回答

前肯后否,前否后肯

陈述句是肯定,疑问句部分用否定句

He is your teacher,isn't he?

陈述句是否定,疑问句部分用肯定句

He isn't your teacher,he is?

根据事实回答:Yes,he is./No,he isn't.

祈使句的反义疑问句

用will you和won't you

Open the door ,won't you?   打开门,不好吗?

Don't open the door,will you?   不打开门,好吗?

不管否定,肯定,let's开头,结尾就是shall we.le

let us开头结尾就是will you

肯定:let's go to school ,shall we?

           let us go outside,will we?

否定:let's don't go out,shall we?

          Don't let us go there,will you?

 

posted @ 2020-08-26 09:23  雅典娜Athena  阅读(726)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报