C#通过反射实现两个对象相同属性值的复制

前言

在写程序的过程中经常遇到将一个对象中的属性值赋给另一个对象,一般情况下我们都是一个一个属性对应赋值,但是这样过于繁杂,并且当类的属性发生变化时,还要去修改对应关系。基于这种需求,我写了一个帮助类,方便大家复制属性值,有什么不足之处或者需要改进的地方希望大家指出,如有更好的方法还请赐教。

代码实现

下面就是代码,已加注释,不再赘述。
ObjectCopy.cs

/// <summary>
/// 对象属性值复制
/// </summary>
public class ObjectCopy
{
	/// <summary>
	/// 属性映射(静态对象,无需重复建立属性映射关系,提高效率)
	/// </summary>
	public static Dictionary<string, List<string>> MapDic = new Dictionary<string, List<string>>();
	/// <summary>
	/// S复制到D(创建对象D)
	/// </summary>
	/// <typeparam name="D">输出对象类型</typeparam>
	/// <typeparam name="S">输入对象类型</typeparam>
	/// <param name="s">输入对象</param>
	/// <returns></returns>
	public static D Copy<S, D>(S s) where D : class, new() where S : class, new()
	{
		if (s == null)
		{
			return default(D);
		}
		//使用无参数构造函数,创建指定泛型类型参数所指定类型的实例
		D d = Activator.CreateInstance<D>();
		return Copy<S, D>(s, d);
	}
	/// <summary>
	/// S复制到D(对象D已存在)
	/// </summary>
	/// <typeparam name="D">输出对象类型</typeparam>
	/// <typeparam name="S">输入对象类型</typeparam>
	/// <param name="s">输入对象</param>
	/// <param name="d">输出对象</param>
	/// <returns></returns>
	public static D Copy<S, D>(S s,D d) where D: class, new() where S : class, new()
	{
		if (s==null||d==null)
		{
			return d;
		}
		try
		{
			var sType = s.GetType();
			var dType = typeof(D);
			//属性映射Key
			string mapkey = dType.FullName + "_" + sType.FullName;
			if (MapDic.ContainsKey(mapkey))
			{
				//已存在属性映射
				foreach (var item in MapDic[mapkey])
				{
					//按照属性映射关系赋值
					//.net 4
					dType.GetProperty(item).SetValue(d, sType.GetProperty(item).GetValue(s, null), null);
					//.net 4.5
					//dType.GetProperty(item).SetValue(d, sType.GetProperty(item).GetValue(s));
				}
			}
			else
			{
				//不存在属性映射,需要建立属性映射
				List<string> namelist = new List<string>();
				Dictionary<string, TypeAndValue> dic = new Dictionary<string, TypeAndValue>();
				//遍历获取输入类型的属性(属性名称,类型,值)
				foreach (PropertyInfo sP in sType.GetProperties())
				{
					//.net 4
					dic.Add(sP.Name, new TypeAndValue() { type = sP.PropertyType, value = sP.GetValue(s, null) });
					//.net 4.5
					//dic.Add(sP.Name, new TypeAndValue() { type = sP.PropertyType, value = sP.GetValue(s) });
				}
				//遍历输出类型的属性,并与输入类型(相同名称和类型的属性)建立映射,并赋值
				foreach (PropertyInfo dP in dType.GetProperties())
				{
					if (dic.Keys.Contains(dP.Name))
					{
						if (dP.PropertyType == dic[dP.Name].type)
						{
							namelist.Add(dP.Name);
							//.net 4
							dP.SetValue(d, dic[dP.Name].value, null);
							//.net 4.5
							//dP.SetValue(d, dic[dP.Name].value);
						}
					}
				}
				//保存映射
				if (!MapDic.ContainsKey(mapkey))
				{
					MapDic.Add(mapkey, namelist);
				}
			}
		}
		catch (Exception ex)
		{
			Debug.Write(ex);
		}
		return d;
	}
	/// <summary>
	/// SList复制到DList
	/// </summary>
	/// <typeparam name="D">输出对象类型</typeparam>
	/// <typeparam name="S">输入对象类型</typeparam>
	/// <param name="sList">输入对象集合</param>
	/// <returns></returns>
	public static IQueryable<D> Copy<S, D>(IQueryable<S> sList) where D : class, new() where S : class, new()
	{
		List<D> dList = new List<D>();
		foreach (var item in sList)
		{
			dList.Add(Copy<S, D>(item));
		}
		return dList.AsQueryable();
	}
}
/// <summary>
/// 类型和值
/// </summary>
class TypeAndValue
{
	/// <summary>
	/// 类型
	/// </summary>
	public Type type { get; set; }
	/// <summary>
	/// 值
	/// </summary>
	public object value { get; set; }
}

对于不同的框架有些地方的写法不同,代码中也已标注出来。

测试

下面我们创建一个控制台程序去测试一下
Program.cs

class Program
{
	static void Main(string[] args)
	{
		//创建类1的对象
		Person1 p1 = new Person1()
		{
			ID = "10001",
			Name = "人类1号",
			Age = 18,
			Gender = "男"
		};
		Console.WriteLine("p1");
		p1.Write();
		Console.WriteLine("");
		//类1的值给类2(创建类2对象)
		Person2 p21 = ObjectCopy.Copy<Person1, Person2>(p1);
		Console.WriteLine("p21");
		p21.Write();
		Console.WriteLine("");
		//类1的值给类2(类2已存在)
		Person2 p22 = new Person2();
		p22.Address = "中国";
		ObjectCopy.Copy<Person1, Person2>(p1, p22);
		Console.WriteLine("p22");
		p22.Write();
		Console.ReadLine();
	}
}
/// <summary>
/// 测试类1
/// </summary>
class Person1
{
	public string ID { get; set; }
	public string Name { get; set; }
	public int Age { get; set; }
	public string Gender { get; set; }
	public virtual void Write()
	{
		Console.WriteLine("ID:" + this.ID);
		Console.WriteLine("Name:" + this.Name);
		Console.WriteLine("Age:" + this.Age);
		Console.WriteLine("Gender:" + this.Gender);
	}
}
/// <summary>
/// 测试类2
/// </summary>
class Person2: Person1
{
	public string Address { get; set; }
	public override void Write()
	{
		base.Write();
		Console.WriteLine("Address:" + this.Address);
	}
}

输出结果:

代码下载

链接:http://pan.baidu.com/s/1jIBZ91G 密码:8z5e

posted @ 2017-12-27 16:24  ArtlessBruin  阅读(2124)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报