软件帮助文本
[rhce@Servera var]$ ln --help
Usage: ln [OPTION]... [-T] TARGET LINK_NAME
or: ln [OPTION]... TARGET
or: ln [OPTION]... TARGET... DIRECTORY
or: ln [OPTION]... -t DIRECTORY TARGET...
In the 1st form, create a link to TARGET with the name LINK_NAME.
In the 2nd form, create a link to TARGET in the current directory.
In the 3rd and 4th forms, create links to each TARGET in DIRECTORY.
Create hard links by default, symbolic links with --symbolic.
By default, each destination (name of new link) should not already exist.
When creating hard links, each TARGET must exist. Symbolic links
can hold arbitrary text; if later resolved, a relative link is
interpreted in relation to its parent directory.
必选参数对长短选项同时适用。
--backup[=CONTROL] 为每个已存在的目标文件创建备份文件
-b 类似--backup,但不接受任何参数
-d, -F, --directory 创建指向目录的硬链接(只适用于超级用户)
-f, --force 强行删除任何已存在的目标文件
-i, --interactive prompt whether to remove destinations
-L, --logical dereference TARGETs that are symbolic links
-n, --no-dereference treat LINK_NAME as a normal file if it is a symbolic link to a directory 将链接文件判定为不同文件
-P, --physical make hard links directly to symbolic links
-r, --relative create symbolic links relative to link location
-s, --symbolic make symbolic links instead of hard links 创建软连接
-S, --suffix=SUFFIX override the usual backup suffix 覆盖通常的备份后缀
-t, --target-directory=DIRECTORY specify the DIRECTORY in which to create the links
-T, --no-target-directory treat LINK_NAME as a normal file always
-v, --verbose print name of each linked file
--help 显示此帮助信息并退出
--version 显示版本信息并退出
The backup suffix is '~', unless set with --suffix or SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX.
The version control method may be selected via the --backup option or through
the VERSION_CONTROL environment variable. Here are the values:
none, off 不进行备份(即使使用了--backup 选项)
numbered, t 备份文件加上数字进行排序
existing, nil 若有数字的备份文件已经存在则使用数字,否则使用普通方式备份
simple, never 永远使用普通方式备份
Using -s ignores -L and -P. Otherwise, the last option specified controls
behavior when a TARGET is a symbolic link, defaulting to -P.
GNU coreutils 在线帮助:<https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>
请向 <http://translationproject.org/team/zh_CN.html> 报告 ln 的翻译错误
完整文档请见:<https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/ln>
或者在本地使用:info '(coreutils) ln invocation'
常用的连接命令
创建软硬链接
- 【硬连接】
硬连接的作用是允许一个文件拥有多个有效路径名,这样用户就可以建立硬连接到重要文件,以防止“误删”的功能。
ln [源文件] [链接文件]
- 【软连接】
软链接文件有类似于Windows的快捷方式。包含的有另一文件的位置信息
ln -s [源文件] [链接文件]
示例:
前提
[root@Servera test]# pwd
/var/test
[root@Servera test]# tree
.
├── soft_link
└── testFiles
└── 1.txt
[root@Servera test]# ln testFiles/1.txt 2.txt
[root@Servera test]# tree
.
├── 2.txt
├── soft_link
└── testFiles
└── 1.txt
[root@Servera test]# ln -s testFiles/1.txt soft_link/3.txt
[root@Servera test]# tree
.
├── 2.txt
├── soft_link
│ └── 3.txt -> testFiles/1.txt
└── testFiles
└── 1.txt
修改软连接
[root@Servera test]# ln -snf testFiles/10.txt soft_link/3.txt
[root@Servera test]# tree
.
├── 2.txt
├── soft_link
│ └── 3.txt -> testFiles/10.txt
└── testFiles
├── 10.txt
└── 1.txt
删除软链接
- 依旧使用通用的
rm
命令进行删除
rm [options] [soft_link_file]
[root@Servera test]# rm soft_link/3.txt
rm:是否删除符号链接 'soft_link/3.txt'?yes
[root@Servera test]# tree
.
├── 2.txt
├── soft_link
└── testFiles
├── 10.txt
└── 1.txt