使用etcd+confd管理nginx配置

1、前言

  最近在项目中用nginx做反向代理,需要动态生成nginx的配置。大概流程是用户在页面上新增域名、http或https协议以及端口信息,后台会根据域名自动生成一个nginx的server配置,在nginx.conf配置文件中使用include将所有的server配置加载进来。遇到一个问题就是如何动态生成nginx的配置,以及配置更新。在此之前也接触过配置生成及更新,当时配置的格式都是基于xml的,使用protobuf与xml结合,先采用protobuf定义好配置的数据结构,然后将protobuf转换为xml配置文件。配置更新通过判断配置文件的md5是否发生变化进行。而如今接触的配置是nginx的配置,是一套自定义的配置。看了一眼nginx的配置源码,用一个void**** conf 来表示,顿时吓死宝宝了,膜拜作者编程技能。nginx配置代码内存组织是相当的牛逼,通用性非常强,有兴趣可以认真研究一下。我要自动生成的配置是如下所示:

upstream www_test {
    server 196.75.121.112:443;     (动态生成)
}

server {
    listen       443 ssl; (动态生成)
    server_name  www.test.com; (动态生成)
    ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;; 
    ssl_certificate             /home/build/openresty/nginx/cert/dealssl/www.bestenover.com.crt; (动态生成)

    location / { 
        proxy_pass https://www_test; (动态生成)
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto https;
        proxy_redirect off;
    }   
}

2、实现框架

  看完nginx的配置不难发现,nginx是一个典型的key value类型的,而且与文件系统的非常类似,一个目录下面可以包含其他配置,目录下还可以有目录,嵌套多层。如今key value类型的数据库非常多,redis、leveldb等,最近新秀etcd也是key-value分布式数据库,提供类似文件系统操作,使用raft协议保持数据一致性,非常适合云计算分布式部署场景,将confd与etcd搭配,非常适合nginx这样的配置格式。

使用etcd新建与nginx配置对应的目录如下:

为了配合webui展示配置和后台生成nginx配置,总体的配置流程图如下所示:

 3、生成配置

  WEBUI通过API将配置写入mysql和etcd,confd注册监控etcd的key为/nginx/,只要发生变化就通知confd根据模板生成配置。confd默认的配置路径为/etc/confd/,创建conf.d和template两个目录,分别存放配置资源和配置模板。

nginx的配置资源如下所示test.conf.toml

[template]
src = "test.conf.tmpl"
dest = "/tmp/test.conf"
keys = [ 
    "/nginx",
]
check_cmd = "/usr/sbin/nginx -t -c {{.src}}"
reload_cmd = "/usr/sbin/service nginx reload"

nginx的配置模板如下所示:test.conf.tmpl

upstream www_{{getv "/nginx/https/www/server/server_name"}} {
    {{range getvs "/nginx/https/www/upstream/*"}}server {{.}};{{end}}
}

server {
    server_name         {{getv "/nginx/https/www/server/server_name"}}:443;
    ssl on
    ssl_certificate     {{getv "/nginx/https/www/server/ssl_certificate"}};
    ssl_certificate_key {{getv "/nginx/https/www/server/ssl_certificate_key"}};
    location / { 
        proxy_pass        http://www_{{getv "/nginx/https/www/server/server_name"}};
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto https;
        proxy_redirect    off;
    }   
}

开启confd,执行 ./confd -watch -backend etcd -node http://127.0.0.1:2379

使用ectdctl添加配置如下:

./etcdctl set /nginx/https/www/server/server_name test.com
./etcdctl set /nginx/https/www/server/ssl_certificate /home/waf/build/openresty/nginx/cert/client/client.crt
./etcdctl set /nginx/https/www/server/ssl_certificate_key /home/waf/build/openresty/nginx/cert/client/client.key;
/etcdctl set /nginx/https/www/upstream/server1 192.168.1.2:443
./etcdctl set /nginx/https/www/upstream/server2 192.168.4.2:443

confd的执行结果如下所示:

生成位置文件如下所示:

upstream www_test.com {
    server 192.168.1.2:443;
    server 192.168.4.2:443;
}

server {
    server_name         test.com:443;
    ssl on
    ssl_certificate     /home/waf/build/openresty/nginx/cert/client/client.crt;
    ssl_certificate_key /home/waf/build/openresty/nginx/cert/client/client.key;
    location / { 
        proxy_pass        http://www_test.com;
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto https;
        proxy_redirect    off;
    }   
}

与模板生成的保持一致。

4、参考资料

cond的github上文档介绍

https://github.com/kelseyhightower/confd/blob/master/docs/template-resources.md

etcd与confd实现配置管理

http://xiaorui.cc/2015/01/25/confd%E5%92%8Cetcd%E5%AE%9E%E7%8E%B0%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AE%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E5%8F%8A%E8%87%AA%E5%8A%A8%E5%8F%91%E7%8E%B0/

http://www.tuicool.com/articles/eeiAve

etcd的参考:

https://github.com/coreos/etcd

https://yq.aliyun.com/articles/11035

http://www.infoq.com/cn/articles/coreos-analyse-etcd/

posted @ 2016-11-29 00:19  Rabbit_Dale  阅读(22675)  评论(5编辑  收藏  举报