使用ui-route实现多层嵌套路由
一、预期实现效果:
https://liyuan-meng.github.io/uiRouter-app/index.html
(项目地址:https://github.com/liyuan-meng/uiRouter-app)
二、分析题目要求,给出依赖关系,构建项目
1. service:
(1)根据条件查询people数据checkPeople.service,不给出条件则查询所有。
(2)得到路由信息getStateParams.service。
2. components:
(1)hello模块:点击button按钮更改内容。
(2)peolpleList模块:显示people列表,点击people显示people详情。依赖于checkPeople.service模块。
(3)peopleDetail模块:显示people详情,依赖于checkPeople.service模块和getStateParams.service模块。
3. 构建项目:
如图所示:component目录用来保存所有服务模块和业务模块,lib目录保存外部引用(我是用的是angular.js1.5.8和ui-route0.2.18),app.config.js文件用来配置路由,index.html则作为入口文件。
三、实现这个例子
1. 首页index.html
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Title</title> <script src="./lib/angular.js"></script> <script src="./lib/angular-ui-route.js"></script> <script src="./app.config.js"></script> <script src="./components/core/people/checkPeople.service.js"></script> <script src="./components/core/people/getStateParams.service.js"></script> <script src="./components/hello/hello.component.js"></script> <script src="./components/people-list/people-list.component.js"></script> <script src="./components/people-detail/people-detail.component.js"></script> </head> <body ng-app="helloSolarSystem"> <div> <a ui-sref="helloState">Hello</a> <a ui-sref="aboutState">About</a> <a ui-sref="peopleState">People</a> </div> <ui-view></ui-view> </body> </html>
(1)导入lib中的文件以及所有用到的service和component服务的文件。
(2)ng-app="helloSolarSystem"指明了从helloSolarSystem模块开始解析。
(3)定义视图<ui-view></ui-view>
2. 配置路由app.config.js
'use strict'; angular.module("helloSolarSystem", ['peopleList', 'peopleDetail', 'hello','ui.router']). config(['$stateProvider', function ($stateProvider) { $stateProvider.state('helloState', { url: '/helloState', template:'<hello></hello>' }).state('aboutState', { url: '/about', template: '<h4>Its the UI-Router Hello Solar System app!</h4>' }).state('peopleState', { url: '/peopleList', template:'<people-list></people-list>' }).state('peopleState.details', { url:'/detail/:id', template: '<people-detail></people-detail>' }) } ]);
(1)模块名字:helloSolarSystem;
(2)注入'peopleList', 'peopleDetail', 'hello','ui.router'模块。
(3)配置stateProvider服务的视图控制,例如第一个名为helloState的视图控制器:当ui-sref == "helloState"的时候,路由更新为url的值#/helloState,并且<ui-view></ui-view>中显示的内容为<hello></hello>组件解析出的内容。
(4)嵌套路由的实现:名为peopleState的视图控制器是父路由。名为peopleState.details的视图控制器是子路由。这是一种相对路由方式,父路由将匹配.../index.html#/peopleState/,子路由将匹配.../index.html#/peopleState/detail/x(x是/detail/:id中的id的值)。如果改成绝对路由的形式,只需要写成url:'^/detail/:id',这时子路由将匹配.../index.html#/detail/x(x是/detail/:id中的id的值)。
4. 实现checkPeople.service(根据条件查找people)
checkPeople.sercice.js
'use strict'; //根据条件(参数)查找信息。 angular.module('people.checkPeople', ['ui.router']). factory('CheckPeople', ['$http', function ($http) { return { getData: getData }; function getData(filed) { var people; var promise = $http({ method: 'GET', url: './data/people.json' }).then(function (response) { if (filed) { people = response.data.filter(function (value) { if (Number(value.id) === Number(filed)) { return value; } }) } else { people = response.data; } return people; }); return promise; } }]);
(1)在getData这个函数中,我们想要返回一个保存people信息的数组,但是由于使用$http().then()服务的时候,这是一个异步请求,我们并不知道请求什么时候结束,所以世界返回people数组是有问题的。我们注意到,$http().then()是一个Promise对象,所以我们可以想到直接将这个对象返回,这样在就可以使用"函数的结果.then(function(data))"来得到异步请求拿来的数据data。
3. 实现getStateParams.service(获取路由信息)
getStatePatams.service.js
"use strict"; angular.module("getStateParams", ['ui.router']). factory("GetStateParams", ["$location", function ($location) { return { getParams: getParams }; function getParams() { var partUrlArr = $location.url().split("/"); return partUrlArr[partUrlArr.length-1]; } }]);
(1)这里的getParams函数返回的是路由信息的最后一个数据,也就是people的id,这个service有些特殊,不够通用,可能还需要优化一下会更加合理。不过并不影响我们的需求。
4. 实现hello模块
hello.template.html
<div> <div ng-hide="hideFirstContent">hello solar sytem!</div> <div ng-hide="!hideFirstContent">whats up solar sytem!</div> <button ng-click="ctlButton()">click</button> </div>
hello.component.js
'use strict'; angular.module("hello", []) .component('hello', { templateUrl: './components/hello/hello.template.html', controller: ["$scope", function HelloController($scope) { $scope.hideFirstContent = false; $scope.ctlButton = function () { this.hideFirstContent = !this.hideFirstContent; }; } ] });
5. 实现peolpeList模块:
peopleList.template.html
<div> <ul> <a ng-repeat="item in people" ui-sref="peopleState.details({id:item.id})"> <li>{{item.name}}</li> </a> </ul> <ui-view></ui-view> </div>
(1)这里的<ui-view></ui-view>用来显示peopleList的子组件pepleDetail
peopleList.component.js
'use strict'; angular.module("peopleList", ['people.checkPeople']) .component('peopleList', { templateUrl: './components/people-list/people-list.template.html', controller: ['CheckPeople','$scope', function PeopleListController(CheckPeople, $scope) { $scope.people = []; CheckPeople.getData().then(function(data){ $scope.people = data; }); } ] });
6. 实现peopleDetail模块
peopleDetail.template.html
<ul ng-repeat="item in peopleDetails track by $index"> <li>名字: {{item.name}}</li> <li>介绍: {{item.intro}}</li> </ul>
peopleDetail.component.js
'use strict'; angular.module("peopleDetail", ['people.checkPeople', 'getStateParams']) .component('peopleDetail', { templateUrl: './components/people-detail/people-detail.template.html', controller: ['CheckPeople', 'GetStateParams', '$scope', function peopleDetailController(CheckPeople, GetStateParams, $scope) { $scope.peopleDetails = []; CheckPeople.getData(GetStateParams.getParams()).then(function(data){ $scope.peopleDetails = data; }); } ] });
7.源码:
https://github.com/liyuan-meng/uiRouter-app